Presented at the ICCVE 3-7 Nov 2014, Vienna, Austria P1 Plenary session: Which technologies will pave the way to automated vehicles? Which industry sector is expected to take a leading role?

1. Seeking the candidate technology to
drive the Automated Vehicles market
4th November 2014 Alberto Fernández Wyttenbach
European GNSS Agency (GSA)

2. GNSS have made a huge impact
in our society…
MKT

3. …and the future impact will be even greater
300
250
200
150
100
50
CAGR: 9%
CAGR: 5%
http://www.gsa.europa.eu/sites/default/files/G Source: NSS_Market%20Report_2013_web.pdf
Cumulative core revenue
by application 2012-2022
0
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022
€ (billions)
Global GNSS market size
Core revenue (Global) Enabled revenue (Global)
7 bln GNSS devices by 2022 – almost one for
every person on the planet
MKT

4. The automotive industry is already
anticipating the leading role of GNSS
Source : “Expert opinion forecast of connected vehicle technology”,
Center for Automotive Research, USA (2012)
MKT

5. GNSS is an enabler of several
applications in road transportation
 Navigation is the most widespread application
of Satellite Navigation
 Satellite road traffic monitoring services collect
floating car location data from vehicles and
process traffic information
 Fleet management solutions enable transport
operators to monitor the logistics activities
performance
 Insurance telematics services rely on GNSS to
increase transparency for insurers/subscribers
 Cooperative /Connected Vehicles to enhance
road safety and comfort for the driver, by
enabling V2V communication
APPS

6. Regulations in Europe are accelerating
the business case
 eCall system will send an emergency call to 112
in case of accident, including precise location,
accelerating assistance to drivers
 Digital tachographs will facilitate registration of
starting-ending time of the journey
 Dangerous goods tracking: robust positioning
requirements uptake in EU Member States
 Road User Charging GNSS supports toll
operators in charging levies in compliance with
the European Electronic Tolling System
Directive
POLI

7. GNSS signal authentication INN
In addition, Galileo signal authentication will provide trustability against
spoofing attempts; this will facilitate the process for a legal use of GNSS
position in several regulated road applications:
 Payment critical applications, in which GNSS is used to go from
vehicle ownership to usage (e.g. road tolling, congestion
charging, pay as you drive, mobility as a service, etc.)
 New liability applications based on GNSS will be supported
(e.g.: speed control and enforcement, digital tacograph, accident
reconstruction, dangerous goods transportation, etc.)

8. The “Local Integrity” approach
 Proposed in the framework of the GLOVE FP7 project
 Intended to overcome the limitations of classic integrity
– Cars as sensors for GNSS signal quality assessment
– GNSS observations shared by means of VANET communications
– Collaborative monitoring of GNSS signals in urban scenarios
• Spatial/temporal characterization of local signal degradations
 Computation of “Local Protection Levels” ellipses
– Defined on Along-Track (AT) and Cross-Track (CT) directions
– Suitable to vehicular applications
AT
CT
INN
Source: http://www.glove-fp7.net/

9. Signals used by GNSS service providers are
compatible and interoperable
L5 L3 L1
CDMA* CDMA*
L5
CDMA: Code Division Multiple Access Open signals Military/Governmental signals * future signal
The European GNSS Programmes
EU
USA
Russia
Japan
China
India
E6
E5a
E5
E5b
E1/L1
L5 L1
E6
L5
L1
E5b E6 L1
L5
CDMA
INTG

10. Multiconstellation / Multifrequency
INTG
 Multi-constellation:
When buildings block the signal and reduce the number
of visible satellites, the availability of more constellations
ensures a much more accurate final position
 Multi-frequency increases
robustness of the position
against jammers, because
even if a satellite is not available
or providing incorrect data, a
reasonable accuracy will be
achieved

11. INTG Sensor fusion for integrated navigation
 Typically meant the combination
of GNSS, inertial navigation,
odometry, map matching
 Combination of Computer Vision,
3D Maps and GNSS technologies
are fostering new solutions not
only for driving assistance but for
unmanned vehicles

12. IND Taxisat: Low-cost Autonomous Vehicles
SLAM-Simultaneous Location & Mapping:
 Visual odometry: Estimation of the
EgoMotion (6D camera/vehicle pose)
in real time
 Real time 3D scene map generation
Follow the Lane
 Self Assessment
 Active Control of Light Conditions

13. IND Taxisat: Low-cost Autonomous Vehicles
 Under
commercialization!
 Closed circuits, no
regulatory barriers
 Different target than
Google car 
 Limited investment
on technology with
high performance
and reliability
Manufacturing costs…?
45.000 Euro

14. Conclusion
Satellite
positioning (GNSS)
is the candidate
technology to
pave the way to
Automated
Vehicles
GNSS
Apps
Integrati Policies
Innova
tion
on
Market
Industry

15. Thank You
Learn more at…
Session: “Satellite navigation and positioning in a
connected / automated vehicle environment”
Nov 4, 15:50 - 17:50 - Room: Stolz 1