Vice Minister of Transport in Colombia

VICEMINISTRY OF TRANSPORT COLOMBIA

Felipe Targa
Viceminister of Transport
Colombia
C l bi

URBANIZATION – RAPID GROWTH

PROBLEM:
•PROCESS SPEED
•UNSATISFIED BASIC NEEDS
•INEQUALITY

MOBILITY – Car ownership increase

SYMPTOMS

• INCREASING TRAVEL TIME (CONGESTION)

• ENVIRONMENT DEGRADATION …IMPACTS
IN CITIES, HEALTH,
QUALITY OF LIFE
AND COMPETITIVENESS
• ROAD ACCIDENTS

• INEFFICIENT PUBLIC TRANSPORT

MOBILITY – INDUCED TRAFFIC

WHAT KIND OF CITY WE WANT?

WHAT SHOULD BE THE DEBATE OVER THE
IMPACT IN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT?

ENVIRONMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH

DEGRADATION
OF LOCAL ENVIRONMENT …AND GLOBAL: CLIMATE CHANGE

• 90% OF AIR POLLUTION: • TRANSPORT: 23% - 33% OF CO2
MOBILE SOURCES (TRANSPORT) EMISSIONS (UP TO 50% IN CITIES)

• MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY • FASTEST GROWING SOURCE
FROM RESPIRATORY DISEASES

CHALLENGES
& PARADIGMS


CHALLENGES & PARADIGMS

LEVEL OF SERVICE

•ESSENTIAL ELEMENT OF PUBLIC POLICY

• IT IS NOT ONLY ABOUT PASSENGERS-HOUR-DIRECTION

•MOTORIZATION VS ATTRACTIVE ALTERNATIVE


MODEL BASED ON PUBLIC
TRANSPORT

LEVEL OF
SERVICE

AFFORDABILITY SUSTAINABILITY
O&M

FARE LEVEL

5
6

FINANCING

4
7

NATIONAL
!"#"$%&'#&#( LOCAL
!"#"$%&'#&#( 2 1
EXPENDITURE
)*+,-) EXPENDITURE
."//,.&/,*'"#
1. TRANSMILENIO BOGOTÁ – SOACHA $ 2.262 / $ 30 $ 1.518 / $29(Soacha) 3
2. MEGABÚS – PEREIRA $ 119 $ 63
3.!!!!!!!!!!!! METROCALI CALI!!!!!!!!!!!!!
MIO – $ 750 $ 306
4. METROLÍNEA – BUCARAMANGA $ 223 $ 51
5. TRANSMETRO – BARRANQUILLA $ 148 $ 34
6. TRANSCARIBE – CARTAGENA $ 167 $ 106
7. !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
METROPLÚS – MEDELLÍN $ 142 $ 133
TOTAL
$ 3.841 $ 2.240
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

+US$6 BILLION PUBLIC INVESTMENT:
MEDIUM RUN BUDGET COMPROMISED

Evaluaciones Ex Post de los SITM
Resultados
Año Evaluación Bogotá Pereira Cali

ExPost 2.009 2.011 2.011
VPN * Millones_COP2010 $ 2.146.761 $ 423.123 $ 388.814
TIR * 24,2% 45,0% 14,9%
B/C * 2,50 1,69 1,23
Longitud Troncal ** km 84 / 118 15 / 16 33 / 39
Longitud Pretroncal ** km NA 4/4 148 / 243
Capacidad Máxima Pax/h/Sentido *** 48.800 11.200 21.100
Capacidad Utilizada Pax/h/Sentido 43.000 6.300 13.500
Demanda Actual Pax/día 1.650.000 108.000 240.000
Demanda Esperada Pax/día 1.950.000 151.000 300.000
* TIR-VPN-BC proyecto (Costos: diseño, construcción, operación, mantenimiento, flota, recaudo. Beneficios: ahorro en tiempos
de viaje, ahorros en operación, menor accidentalidad, reducción de emisiones GEI)
** Construido al momento de la Evaluación / Longitud total contratada
*** Esta capacidad podría alcanzarse en la medida que se optimice el estado del pavimento y la programación
semafórica, entre otras acciones.

INNOVATION
PUBLIC POLICY


PUBLIC POLICY INNOVATION

VICEMINISTRY

OF TRANSPORT

... FROM SUSTAINABLE URBAN PROJECT
COORDINATION
OFFICE MOBILITY OFFICE MONITORING

Climate change
Demand and environ-
Transport-Land Operations
management mental quality
use Policy Policy Policy
Policy


VICEMINISTRY

OF TRANSPORT

SUSTAINABLE URBAN PROJECT
MOBILITY OFFICE MONITORING

Política de Climate change
Política de
Demand and environ-
cambio climático
Transport-Land administración Operations
Política de
management mental quality
y calidad
use Policy de demanda
Policy Policy
operaciones
(TDM) Policy
ambiental


RENOVATION
AND URBAN
DEVELOPMENT
• Management and financial
• COMPREHENSIVE VISION urban instruments:
! TODs + Value capture
It is not only a mobility solution, ! Urban development Law
! Environment (air quality and GEI)
it is a urban solution with
• High quality employment
potential to add value to the city • Safe, healthy and livable


DENSITY IS KEY
URBAN
DEVELOPMENT
Metro LRT

TRANSPORT
BRT


ACCESIBILITY
BENEFITS

VALORIZATION,
BETTERMENT ADDITIONAL
LEVIES, TAX CAPITALIZATION DEVELOPMENT
INCREMENT ON LAND VALUES RIGHTS
FINANCING

• ACCESIBILITY BENEFITS

LOCATION ADDED VALUE SOURCE

Boston Metropolitan area, Train 9.6 - 10.1% Armstrong y Rodríguez (2006)

London Metro extension 9.3% Gibbons & Machin (2005)

Metro Newcastle-Sund. - Du & Mulley (2007)

Metro Chicago 3% X 400 M. Du & Mulley (2007)

San Diego Tren Ligero 2% - 6% Cervero & Duncan (2002)

Targa (2003) y Rodríguez
TransMilenio 7% - 9% X 5 MIN & Targa (2004)
Source: Financing Transit Systems Through Value Capture (Smith & Gihring, 2006): 90 studies


VALUE CAPTURE FINANCING
HONG KONG

EXPERIENCE

OFFICE
HOTEL
MALL
STATIONS
PARKING


• Ammonize urban management instruments TODs

• New developments: intelligent buildings, zero emissions LEED

• Tax incentives: Free trade urban zones for services, eco-business or eco-industrial parks


!FINANCING: VALUE CAPTURE

CEPAC DESIGN (SAO PAULO) COLOMBIAN IMPROVEMENT

CT from multilateral banks and experts
• Metodological design of the instrument

• Urban norm and legal framework
• Investment and real-state funds, financial design
of the instrument: Auction or tradable in markets

• Local development plans in strategic corridors,
promoting TODs and additional development rights


VICEMINISTRY

OF TRANSPORT


Climate change
Política de
Política de Demand and environ-
cambio climático
Transport-Land management Operations
Política de
transporte - Uso mental quality
y calidad
use Policy
del suelo Policy Policy
operaciones
Policy
ambiental


WHAT WOULD AN
ECONOMIST RECOMMEND?
Scarce resource; price as regulatory mechanism

Price should reflect the imposed cost
(economic, social and environmental externalities)


SINGAPORE / LONDON / STOCKHOLM

Public
Peak hour transport Transport
congestion and bicycle Pollution speed
demand

Fuente: GTZ, SUTP


VICEMINISTRY

OF TRANSPORT


Política de Climate change
Política de Demand
Transport-Land administración and environ- Operations
Política de
transporte - Uso management mental quality
use Policy de demanda
Policy Policy
operaciones
del suelo Policy
(TDM)


GREEN CORRIDORS – ZERO EMISSIONS

v

COLOMBIA: LEADER IN TRANSPORT-CLIMATE CHANGE INITIATIVES

Colombia represents 50% of registered
CDM Transport Projects (3 of 6)

UN approved methodologies have been
designed based on these projects

13 Transport Projects (BRTs, rail, cable) with
reduction potential 1.3 million tCO2e/year
TRANSMILENIO, BOGOTÁ
CERS SOLD: 277.044 TCO2E
(2006 – 2009)

COLOMBIA: LEADER IN TRANSPORT-CLIMATE CHANGE INITIATIVES

CLEAN TECHNOLOGY FUND:

• Investment Plan for Colombia (US$150 million):
US$50m (EE) + US$100m (transport)

• Sustainable Transport: US$ 80m (Bogota´s Integrated Public Transport
System) + US$ 20m (Strategic Public Transport Systems – Mid-size cities)

• Components:
1. Infrastructure: Green Corridor (7th Avenue – Bogotá)
* BID+BM Technical Assistance
2. Low-carbon technology buses (electric and hybrids)
* CT BID with Clinton Climate Initiative: Testing

Política Nacional de
Transporte Urbano y Movilidad

Plan Nacional de Desarrollo 2010-2014
Movilidad Urbana Proyectos
SITM
OCHO (8) SITM

Con población superior a 600.000 habitantes
•! En Estructuración (1): Cúcuta

Fuente: Páginas Web – Entes Gestores

SITP
CUATRO (4) SITP

(Bogotá, Pereira, Barranquilla y Bucaramanga)

SITP

Fuente: www.bogota.gov.co

SETP
DOCE (12) SETP

Con población entre 250.000 y 600.000 habitantes
•! En Estructuración (5): Buenaventura, Neiva,
Villavicencio, Ibagué y Manizales

Paraderos con Espacio Ciclorrutas
Público

Fuente: Municipio de Sincelejo
Fuente: Municipio de Manizales

Vías Peatonales Transporte Público

Fuente: Municipio de Sincelejo Fuente: Municipio de Popayán

SITR
CUATRO(4) SITR

(Caribe, Eje Cafetero, Cundinamarca y Antioquia)

(Tráfico Mixto – SITM – Tren)

(TM – Portal Norte)
Fuente: Google Earth

Estrategia en Ciudades Pequeñas
OCHO (8)

Con población inferior a 250.000 habitantes
(Tunja, Barrancabermeja, Quibdó, Ocaña, Riohacha,
Florencia, Yopal y Fusagasugá)

SAB
SIETE (7) SAB

(Leticia, Arauca, Saravena, Maicao, Ipiales,
Puerto Asís y Puerto Carreño)

Leticia (Col) – Tabatinga (Bra)

Ipiales (Col) – Tulcán (Ecu)

Fuente: Google Earth

Planes de Movilidad
OCHO(8)

Planes de Movilidad
En Formulación (3): Cartagena, Montería y Fusagasugá

Transporte Público

Transporte Privado


OCHO (8) SITM
Con población superior a 600.000 habitantes
•! En Estructuración (1): Cúcuta

CUATRO (4) SITP
(Bogotá, Pereira, Barranquilla y Bucaramanga)

CUATRO(4) SITR
(Caribe, Eje Cafetero, Cundinamarca y Antioquia)

DOCE (12) SETP
Con población entre 250.000 y 600.000 habitantes
•! En Estructuración (5): Buenaventura, Neiva,
Villavicencio, Ibagué y Manizales

OCHO (8)
Con población inferior a 250.000 habitantes
(Tunja, Barrancabermeja, Quibdó, Ocaña, Riohacha,
Florencia, Yopal y Fusagasugá)

SIETE (7) SAB
(Leticia, Arauca, Saravena, Maicao, Ipiales,
San Miguel y Puerto Carreño)

OCHO(8)
Planes de Movilidad
En Formulación (3): Cartagena, Montería y Fusagasugá

Vice Minister of Transport in Colombia

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