CHEMISTRY COMPREHENSION-I

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CHEMISTRY COMPREHENSION-I Read the paragraph and answer the questions (18 – 20) given below: 1. The electrons revolve around the nucleus in certain orbits without losing energy because the energy in a fraction of a quantum can neither be lost nor gained. 2. Energy is absorbed or emitted only when an electron in an atom jumps from one orbit to another. 3. The electron is restricted to those orbits in which its angular momentum is an integral multiple of . The following equations were derived When an electron drops from higher orbit, say n2 to lower orbit n1 radiations are emitted, the energy of which can be calculated using Planck’s equation. where, R = Rydberg constant The Bohr theory applicable for n and hydrogenic ions n1 = 1 n2 = 2, 3, 4 …… Lyman series (U.V.) n1 = 2 n2 > 2 Balmer series (visible) n1 = 3 n2 > 3 Paschen (IR) n1 = 4 n2 > 4 Brackett (IR) n1 = 5 n2 > 5 p fund (IR) 18. The ionization potential of hydrogen atom is 13.6 eV. The energy required to remove an electron in the n = 2 state of hydrogen atom is– (A) 27.2 eV (B) 13.6 eV (C) 6.8 eV (D) 3.4 eV 19. The first emission line of Balmer series in He+–spectrum has the wave number in cm– equal to (A) (B) (C) (D) 20. If the shortest of hydrogen atom in Lyman series is x, the longest in Balmer series of He+ (A) (B) (C) (D) COMPREHENSION-II Read the paragraph and answer the questions (21 – 23) given below: (i) C is an rotten smell gas. (ii) E is called lithophone used as white paint. (iii) G is a colourless gas having acidic nature. (iv) D is in soluble in HCl. 21. When G reacts with aqueous NaOH, product formed is; (A) Na2CO3 (B) Na2SO3 (C) Na2SO4 (D) NaNO3 22. When compound F heated with cobalt nitrate, it gives (A) CoCuO2 (B) CoO.CuO (C) CoZnO2 (D) CoFeO2 23. Compound A is: (A) HgSO4.2H2O (B) ZnSO4.7H2O (C) ZnSO4 (D) FeSO4.7H2O COMPREHENSION-III Read the paragraph and answer the questions (24 – 26) given below: Triglycerides are the oils of plants and the fats of animal origin. They include such common substances as peanut oil, soya bean oil, corn oil, butter etc. Triglycerides that are liquid at room temperature are generally called oils; those that are solids are called fats. In simple triglycerides all three acyl groups are same and in mixed triglycerides acyl groups are different. Hydrolysis of oils and fats produces a mixture of fatty acids. Most natural fatty acids have unbranched chains and because they are synthesized from two carbon units, they have an even number of carbon atoms. In most unsaturated fatty acids double bonds are in cis configuration. Many naturally occurring fatty acids contain two or three double bonds. The fats or oils that these come from are called polyunsaturated fats or oils. The carbon chain of saturated fatty acids can adopt many conformations but tend to be fully extended because this minimizes steric repulsions between neighbouring meth

1
CHEMISTRY]
25. Which of the following electrolysis is most effective in the coagulation of gold solution
(A) NaNO3 (B) K4[Fe(CN)6]
(C) Na3PO4 (D) MgCl2
26. In the following conversion, X
2
R CHO R CH OH
 
 
X is
(A) Zn – Hg/HCl (B) octacarbonyl cobalt
(C) red P and HI (D) All of the above
27.
OH
CH3
O
Clemmensen
reduction
(A)

 and
OH
CH3
O
Clemmensen
reduction
(B)


Hence, products (A) and (B) are, respectively
(A)
OH
CH3
and
OH
CH3
(B)
OH
CH3
and
Cl
CH3
(C)
Cl
CH3
and
Cl
CH3
(D)
Cl
CH3
and
OH
CH3
28. Which of the following is the open-chain form of the pyranose structure shown below?
O
OH
H
OH
H
H
O
H
O
H
H
O
H
H
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (SINGLE OPTION CORRECT)
2
(A)
CHO
CH2OH
H OH
O
H H
O
H H
H OH
(B)
CHO
CH2OH
H OH
O
H H
H OH
O
H H
(C)
CHO
CH2OH
H OH
H OH
H OH
H OH
(D)
CHO
CH2OH
H OH
H OH
O
H H
H OH
29. The product of the reaction
NH
NH
2
2HCl
H O
? is


(A)
N
N
(B) N
H2 NH2
(C)
NH2
(D) None of the above
30. Which of the following pair is correctly matched?
(A) Saytzeff rule, least substituted alkene (B) Hofmann rule, most substituted alkene
(C) E1CB reaction, Hofmann elimination (D) E1 reaction, Hofmann elimination
31. de Broglie wavelength of electrons emitted by a metal whose threshold frequency is 2.25 × 1014
Hz when exposed to visible radiation of wavelength 500 nm is of the order
(A) 1
o
A (B) 1 nm
(C) 1 pm (D) 1 fm
32. Which of the following is not a characteristic of chemisorption
(A) H
 is of the order 400 kJ (B) adsorption is irreversible
(C) adsorption may be multimolecular layer (D) adsorption is specific
33. Which one of the following statements is true?
3
(A) One mole of any acid will ionize completely in aqueous solution to produce one mole of H+
ions.
(B) Solutions of weak acids always have lower concentrations of H
+
than solutions of strong
acids.
(C) There are several common acids that are insoluble.
(D) All of the IA and IIA metal hydroxides are soluble.
34. At what temperature is the K.E. of a gas molecule half that of its value at 27°C
(A) 135°C (B) 150°C
(C) 150K (D) – 123 K
35. The work function of a photoelectric effect material is 3.3 eV. It’s threshold frequency will be
(A) 14
8 10 Hz
 (B) 33
15 10 Hz

(C) 10
8 10 Hz
 (D) 11
4 10 Hz

36. Which one of the following is not represented by sols?
(A) Adsorption (B) Tyndall effect
(C) Flocculation (D) Paramagnetism
37. Which of the following statements is (are) not correct for alkali metals?
(A) They always exist in +1 state in their compounds
(B) Their ions are coloured and paramagnetic in nature
(C) The alkali metal cations have a strong tendency to get hydrated
(D) Each alkali metal atom is the smallest atom in its period
38. About mesotartaric acid which is/are not correct
(A) is optically inactive because it contains 2 asymmetric C-atom in its molecule
(B) can be separated into two optically active isomers
(C) cannot be separated into two optically active isomers
(D) is optically inactive due to external compensation
39. In an aqueous solution of volume 500 ml when the reaction,
2
2Ag Cu Cu 2Ag,
 
  reaches equilibrium, the concentration of Cu2+
ions is x molar. To
this solution 500 ml of water is added. At the new equilibrium the concentration of Cu
2+
ions
would be
(A) 2x molar (B) between x and 2x molar
(C) less than
1
x
2
molar (D) between 0.005x molar and 0.5x molar
40. The dissociation of phosgene, which occurs according to the reaction
COCl2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g) is an endothermic process. Which of the following factors will
increase the degree of dissociation of COCl2?
(A) Adding Cl2 to the system
(B) Adding helium to the system at constant pressure
(C) Decreasing the temperature of the system
(D) Reducing the total pressure
41. Which of the following is correct for NaCl?
(A) It is used to remove snow from the roads in hill stations.
MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MULTIPLE OPTIONS CORRECT)
4
(B) It lowers the freezing point of water.
(C) It elevates the freezing point of water.
(D) van’t Hoff factor is more than unity.
42. Which of the following statements are true regarding tetrahedral voids in fcc lattice?
(A) Tetrahedral voids are formed by one corner sphere and three face spheres.
(B) Two tetrahedral voids can exist on one diagonal body line in fcc cubic.
(C) Tetrahedral voids are equal to number of spheres involved in body.
(D) Volume of tetrahedral voids are half of the octahedral voids.
43. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct?
(A) The reaction between strong acid and strong base takes place with evolution of energy.
(B) neut
H
 of weak acid/strong base is less than neut
H
 of strong acid/strong base.
(C) neut
H
 of strong acid/strong base is equal to the H
 of formation of 2
H O( )
 from its ions in
aqueous medium.
(D) neut
H
 (weak acid/strong base) neut
H
 (strong acid)/strong base) ionization
H (weak acid)
 
44. Which of the following solutions act as a buffer?
(A) Sodiumpotassium tartarate and tartaric acid
(B) Boric acid and borax
(C) Na3PO4 and Na2HPO4
(D) Sodium acetate and sodium citrate
45. Match ListI with List  II.
List – I List – I
(Method of extraction)
(A) Iron (i) Self reduction process
(B) Silver (ii) Electrolytic reduction
(C) Copper (iii) Carbon reduction
(D) Aluminium (iv) Cyanide process
46. Match list–I (reaction) with list–II (reaction intermediate) and select the correct answer using the
codes given below the lists:
List – I List – II
(a) alc. KOH
3 2 2 2
CF CHCl CF CCl
 
  (i) TS
(b)
C
H3 CH3
OH
CH3
2 4
conc. H SO


C
H3 CH2
CH3
(ii) Carbocation
(c) alc. KOH/
3 2 2 2
CH CH Br CH CH

  
  (iii) Carbanion
(d)
C
H3 CH3
Br
CH3
alc. KOH


C
H3 CH2
CH3
(iv) Free radical
47. Match List–I and List–II.
MATCH THE FOLLOW ING QUESTIONS
5
List  I List  II
(A) The volume of mixture has no effect on
the equilibrium constant.
(i) Common ion effect
(B) Increasing the pressure moves the
equilibrium to the left.
(ii) pH = 4
(C) The solution has hydronium ion
concentration of 0.0001 mol/litre.
(iii) There is an increase in the number of moles
from products to reactants.
(D) The addition of NaOH to Ca(OH)2
solution precipitates Ca(OH)2.
(iv) There is no change in number of moles.
48. Match List  I with List  II.
List  I List  II
(A) Kp = 20 atm–1
(i) No effect of pressure on the yield of the
product.
(B) H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) (ii) H = E  RT
(C) N2 + 3H2 2NH3, H = –ve (iii) Nonspontaneous process
(D) P, T
G 0
  (iv) Kp decreases with increase in
temperature
6
ANSWERS
25. B
26. B
27. D
28. A
29. B
30. C
31. A
32. C
33. B
34. C
35. A
36. D
37. B, D
38. A, B,D
39. C, D
40. B, D
41. A, B, D
42. A, B
43. A, B, C, D
44. A, B, C
45. A  (iii)
B  (iv)
C  (i)
D  (ii)
46. A  (iii)
B  (ii)
C  (i)
D  (ii)
47. A  (iv)
B  (iii)
C  (ii)
D  (i)
48. A  (ii)
B  (i)
C  (iv)
D  (iii)
HINTS & SOLUTIONS
26. (B) Octacarbonyl cobalt reduces aldehyde to alcohol while other (A) and (C) reduces aldehyde to
alkane.
27.
OH
CH3
O
Zn/Hg (HCl)
(Clemmensen reduction)


Cl
CH3
(A)
(along with reduction of
O
to
it also replaces OH by Cl group).
7
OH
CH3
O
Zn(Hg)/HCl
(here OH can't be replaced by Cl as C-O bond
has a partial double bond character due to resonance)




OH
CH3
(B)
Hence, (D).
29. Benzidine rearrangement.
31. o o
hc
K.E. h h h
      

and then
h
2K.E.(M)
 
35. 19
0
h 3.3 1.6 10
   
39. The concentration decreases on dilution. As the volume is doubled, the concentration is halved.
Hence, it will be less than
1
x
2
molar as the reaction is in equilibrium.
Hence, (C) and (D).
41. van’t Hoff factor for NaCl is more than one and it lowers the freezing point of water hence used to
melt snow from roads.
44. Sodium acetate and sodium citrate, both ionizes completely. So, they can’t behave as buffer.

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CHEMISTRY COMPREHENSION-I

  • 1. 1 CHEMISTRY] 25. Which of the following electrolysis is most effective in the coagulation of gold solution (A) NaNO3 (B) K4[Fe(CN)6] (C) Na3PO4 (D) MgCl2 26. In the following conversion, X 2 R CHO R CH OH     X is (A) Zn – Hg/HCl (B) octacarbonyl cobalt (C) red P and HI (D) All of the above 27. OH CH3 O Clemmensen reduction (A)   and OH CH3 O Clemmensen reduction (B)   Hence, products (A) and (B) are, respectively (A) OH CH3 and OH CH3 (B) OH CH3 and Cl CH3 (C) Cl CH3 and Cl CH3 (D) Cl CH3 and OH CH3 28. Which of the following is the open-chain form of the pyranose structure shown below? O OH H OH H H O H O H H O H H MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (SINGLE OPTION CORRECT)
  • 2. 2 (A) CHO CH2OH H OH O H H O H H H OH (B) CHO CH2OH H OH O H H H OH O H H (C) CHO CH2OH H OH H OH H OH H OH (D) CHO CH2OH H OH H OH O H H H OH 29. The product of the reaction NH NH 2 2HCl H O ? is   (A) N N (B) N H2 NH2 (C) NH2 (D) None of the above 30. Which of the following pair is correctly matched? (A) Saytzeff rule, least substituted alkene (B) Hofmann rule, most substituted alkene (C) E1CB reaction, Hofmann elimination (D) E1 reaction, Hofmann elimination 31. de Broglie wavelength of electrons emitted by a metal whose threshold frequency is 2.25 × 1014 Hz when exposed to visible radiation of wavelength 500 nm is of the order (A) 1 o A (B) 1 nm (C) 1 pm (D) 1 fm 32. Which of the following is not a characteristic of chemisorption (A) H  is of the order 400 kJ (B) adsorption is irreversible (C) adsorption may be multimolecular layer (D) adsorption is specific 33. Which one of the following statements is true?
  • 3. 3 (A) One mole of any acid will ionize completely in aqueous solution to produce one mole of H+ ions. (B) Solutions of weak acids always have lower concentrations of H + than solutions of strong acids. (C) There are several common acids that are insoluble. (D) All of the IA and IIA metal hydroxides are soluble. 34. At what temperature is the K.E. of a gas molecule half that of its value at 27°C (A) 135°C (B) 150°C (C) 150K (D) – 123 K 35. The work function of a photoelectric effect material is 3.3 eV. It’s threshold frequency will be (A) 14 8 10 Hz  (B) 33 15 10 Hz  (C) 10 8 10 Hz  (D) 11 4 10 Hz  36. Which one of the following is not represented by sols? (A) Adsorption (B) Tyndall effect (C) Flocculation (D) Paramagnetism 37. Which of the following statements is (are) not correct for alkali metals? (A) They always exist in +1 state in their compounds (B) Their ions are coloured and paramagnetic in nature (C) The alkali metal cations have a strong tendency to get hydrated (D) Each alkali metal atom is the smallest atom in its period 38. About mesotartaric acid which is/are not correct (A) is optically inactive because it contains 2 asymmetric C-atom in its molecule (B) can be separated into two optically active isomers (C) cannot be separated into two optically active isomers (D) is optically inactive due to external compensation 39. In an aqueous solution of volume 500 ml when the reaction, 2 2Ag Cu Cu 2Ag,     reaches equilibrium, the concentration of Cu2+ ions is x molar. To this solution 500 ml of water is added. At the new equilibrium the concentration of Cu 2+ ions would be (A) 2x molar (B) between x and 2x molar (C) less than 1 x 2 molar (D) between 0.005x molar and 0.5x molar 40. The dissociation of phosgene, which occurs according to the reaction COCl2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g) is an endothermic process. Which of the following factors will increase the degree of dissociation of COCl2? (A) Adding Cl2 to the system (B) Adding helium to the system at constant pressure (C) Decreasing the temperature of the system (D) Reducing the total pressure 41. Which of the following is correct for NaCl? (A) It is used to remove snow from the roads in hill stations. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (MULTIPLE OPTIONS CORRECT)
  • 4. 4 (B) It lowers the freezing point of water. (C) It elevates the freezing point of water. (D) van’t Hoff factor is more than unity. 42. Which of the following statements are true regarding tetrahedral voids in fcc lattice? (A) Tetrahedral voids are formed by one corner sphere and three face spheres. (B) Two tetrahedral voids can exist on one diagonal body line in fcc cubic. (C) Tetrahedral voids are equal to number of spheres involved in body. (D) Volume of tetrahedral voids are half of the octahedral voids. 43. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct? (A) The reaction between strong acid and strong base takes place with evolution of energy. (B) neut H  of weak acid/strong base is less than neut H  of strong acid/strong base. (C) neut H  of strong acid/strong base is equal to the H  of formation of 2 H O( )  from its ions in aqueous medium. (D) neut H  (weak acid/strong base) neut H  (strong acid)/strong base) ionization H (weak acid)   44. Which of the following solutions act as a buffer? (A) Sodiumpotassium tartarate and tartaric acid (B) Boric acid and borax (C) Na3PO4 and Na2HPO4 (D) Sodium acetate and sodium citrate 45. Match ListI with List  II. List – I List – I (Method of extraction) (A) Iron (i) Self reduction process (B) Silver (ii) Electrolytic reduction (C) Copper (iii) Carbon reduction (D) Aluminium (iv) Cyanide process 46. Match list–I (reaction) with list–II (reaction intermediate) and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists: List – I List – II (a) alc. KOH 3 2 2 2 CF CHCl CF CCl     (i) TS (b) C H3 CH3 OH CH3 2 4 conc. H SO   C H3 CH2 CH3 (ii) Carbocation (c) alc. KOH/ 3 2 2 2 CH CH Br CH CH       (iii) Carbanion (d) C H3 CH3 Br CH3 alc. KOH   C H3 CH2 CH3 (iv) Free radical 47. Match List–I and List–II. MATCH THE FOLLOW ING QUESTIONS
  • 5. 5 List  I List  II (A) The volume of mixture has no effect on the equilibrium constant. (i) Common ion effect (B) Increasing the pressure moves the equilibrium to the left. (ii) pH = 4 (C) The solution has hydronium ion concentration of 0.0001 mol/litre. (iii) There is an increase in the number of moles from products to reactants. (D) The addition of NaOH to Ca(OH)2 solution precipitates Ca(OH)2. (iv) There is no change in number of moles. 48. Match List  I with List  II. List  I List  II (A) Kp = 20 atm–1 (i) No effect of pressure on the yield of the product. (B) H2(g) + I2(g) 2HI(g) (ii) H = E  RT (C) N2 + 3H2 2NH3, H = –ve (iii) Nonspontaneous process (D) P, T G 0   (iv) Kp decreases with increase in temperature
  • 6. 6 ANSWERS 25. B 26. B 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. C 31. A 32. C 33. B 34. C 35. A 36. D 37. B, D 38. A, B,D 39. C, D 40. B, D 41. A, B, D 42. A, B 43. A, B, C, D 44. A, B, C 45. A  (iii) B  (iv) C  (i) D  (ii) 46. A  (iii) B  (ii) C  (i) D  (ii) 47. A  (iv) B  (iii) C  (ii) D  (i) 48. A  (ii) B  (i) C  (iv) D  (iii) HINTS & SOLUTIONS 26. (B) Octacarbonyl cobalt reduces aldehyde to alcohol while other (A) and (C) reduces aldehyde to alkane. 27. OH CH3 O Zn/Hg (HCl) (Clemmensen reduction)   Cl CH3 (A) (along with reduction of O to it also replaces OH by Cl group).
  • 7. 7 OH CH3 O Zn(Hg)/HCl (here OH can't be replaced by Cl as C-O bond has a partial double bond character due to resonance)     OH CH3 (B) Hence, (D). 29. Benzidine rearrangement. 31. o o hc K.E. h h h         and then h 2K.E.(M)   35. 19 0 h 3.3 1.6 10     39. The concentration decreases on dilution. As the volume is doubled, the concentration is halved. Hence, it will be less than 1 x 2 molar as the reaction is in equilibrium. Hence, (C) and (D). 41. van’t Hoff factor for NaCl is more than one and it lowers the freezing point of water hence used to melt snow from roads. 44. Sodium acetate and sodium citrate, both ionizes completely. So, they can’t behave as buffer.