1. White-Collar Crimes

2. Types of workers
• Black Collar Worker is used to refer to workers in the mining or the oil industry. Sometimes, it is also used to refer to
people who are employed in black marketing activities.
• Blue Collar Worker is a member of the working class, who performs manual labor and earns an hourly wage. It originates
from the popularity that blue color enjoys among manual labourers.
• Gold Collar Worker is a newly formed phrase which has been used to describe either young, low-wage workers who invest
in conspicuous luxury (often with parental support). It is also used to refer to highly-skilled knowledge people who are
highly valuable to the company. Example: Lawyers, doctors, research scientists, etc.
• Gray Collar Worker refers to the balance of employed people not classified as white or blue collar. Although grey-collar is
something used to describe those who work beyond the age of retirement.

3. Types of workers
• Green Collar Worker is a worker who is employed in the environmental sectors of the economy. Example: People working
in alternate energy sources like solar panels, Greenpeace, World Wide Fund for nature etc.
• Pink Collar Worker is employed in a job that is traditionally considered to be women’s work and is often low-paid.
Example: Librarian, maid, flight attendant, receptionist, secretary, etc.
• Scarlet Collar Worker is a term often used to refer to people who work in the pornography industry, especially women
entrepreneurs in the field of internet pornography. The color scarlet has traditionally been associated with adultery.
• White Collar Worker is a salaried professional, typically referring to general office workers and management. It originates
from color of dress shirts worn by professional and clerical workers.

4. What Is It??
• A white-collar crime is defined as "a crime committed by a person of
respectable and high social status in the course of his occupation“.
• Fraud, bribery, inside trading, embezzlement, computer crimes, and
forgery are all accessible to white-collar employees.

5. A Brief History
• The term was coined by Edward Sutherland in 1939.
• He used it to set a line between white-collar crimes and regular street crimes
• White-collar crime is generally new and it came about around the time following
the Great Depression.
• People wanted to gain their money and social status back. Also many people
were angry at the economy status and felt they were underpaid. This led to the
development of white-collar crime.

6. • It is typically dealt with in terms of civil law instead
of criminal law.
• Civil law refers to general regulations involving
economic losses between private parties and
criminal law deals with specific laws that define
every individual's moral responsibility to society.
• It is estimated that the harm done to society by
white-collar crime is greater than street crime, yet
most people are not concerned about this form of
deviance.

7. Why Is It Committed?
• Most people do not start out as criminals. Most white-collar
crimes involve normal people who are struggling financially. It
is just as common in bigger corporations as stealing is in a poor
community.
• Greed is another influence on this crime. Many people with
high ranking jobs tend to desire wealth and will do anything to
obtain it.
• Also, more people are beginning to think that committing
these crimes is acceptable because they have been around the
corruption for long periods of time.

8. Why Is It Committed?
• Many people get away with white-collar crime more than regular street crimes. It
is a fact that almost no police effort goes into stopping it and people are rarely
convicted.
• People may have power because they have friends in politics, they have money to
get the best lawyer, or they usually have friends in the law-enforcement agencies.
• When a crime is discovered, suspects usually get a light punishment because
violence wasn’t used.

9. Types of white collar crime
• Bank Fraud:
• Blackmail:
• Bribery:
• Cellular Phone Fraud:
• Computer fraud:
• Counterfeiting:
• Credit Card Fraud:
• Currency Schemes:
• Embezz1ement:
• Environmental Schemes:
• Extortion:
• Forgery:
• Health Care Fraud:
• Insurance Fraud:
• Investment Schemes:
• Kickback:
• Larceny/Theft:
• Money Laundering:
• Racketeering:
• Securities Fraud:
• Welfare Fraud:
• Tax Evasion:
• Unfair trade practices:
• Weights and Measures:
• Insider Trading:
• Telemarketing Fraud:

10. 2 types
1. Occupational crime which occurs when crimes are
committed to promote personal interests. An example
would be. altering records. (Ex. Tax evasion)
2. Organizational or corporate crime which occurs when
corporate executives commit criminal acts to benefit
their company by overcharging or price fixing, false
advertising, etc. (Ex. Unfair trade practice)