DIGESTIVE JUICES.pptx
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This presentation is about the basic composition and functions of various digestive juices secreted by different organs of the Digestive tract which help out in digestion.
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DIGESTIVE JUICES.pptx
- 1. Digestive Juices Dr. Aniket A. Shilwant Associate Professor Dept. of Kriya Sharir Noble Ayurved College & Research Institute Junagadh – Gujarat
- 2. 2 COMPOSITION PHYSICAL PROPERTIES FUNCTIONS OF – DIGESTIVE JUICES SALIVA GASTRIC JUICES PANCREATIC JUICE BILE SUCCUS ENTERICUS
- 3. Minor Lingual mucous Lingual serous Buccal Labial Palatal 3 SALIVARY GLANDS Major Parotid – 20-30gm – Stenson’s duct Submandibular – 8-10gm – Wharton’s duct Sublingual – 2-3gm – Duct of Rivinus / Bartholin’s duct SALIVA CLASSIFICATION OF SALIVARY GLANDS Serous – Parotid, Lingual serous – Thin, watery saliva Mucous – Lingual mucous, Buccal, Palatal – Thick, viscous saliva with high mucin Mixed – Submandibular, Sublingual & Labial
- 4. 4 SALIVA COMPOSTION Organic Enzymes Amylase (Ptylin) Maltase Lingual Lipase Carbonic Anhydrase Gases O2, CO2, N Others Mucin Proline rich proteins Lactoferrin IgA Non-protein substances (Urea, Uric acid, Creatinine) Inorganic Sodium Calcium Potassium Bicarbonate Chloride Fluoride Phosphate PROPERTIES Daily Vol - 1000-1500ml Specific Gravity - 1.002-1.012 pH - 6.35- 6.85 (Slightly Acidic) Nature - Watery (Hypotonic)
- 5. 5 SALIVA FUNCTIONS Mucin – Lubricates the food bolus and facilitates swallowing Taste – Dissolves solid food substances to stimulate taste buds for taste perception Digestion – Amylase (Ptylin) – Cooked or boiled starch – Dextrin & Maltose Maltase – Maltose – Glucose Lingual lipase – Milk & pre emulsified fats – Fatty acids & diacylglycerol Protection – Prolein rich proteins neutralizes toxins, tannins present in fruits Lactoferrin – Antimicrobial property Prolein rich proteins & Lactoferrin - Stimulates enamel formation IgA – Antibacterial & Antiviral property Speech – Moistens soft parts of mouth for speech Excretion – Urea, Glucose, toxins, lead, mercury in poisoning cases Reg. of Body Temperature – Only in Animals (In Dogs (No sweat glands) – Panting) Reg. of Water balance
- 6. 6 GASTRIC JUICE Secreted by – Stomach Hollow organ, below diaphragm on left side of abdominal cavity with 1-1.5Lit capacity. Classification of gastric glands Fundic Pyloric Cardiac Types of Cells Chief / Pepsinogen cells - Pepsinogen, Renin, Lipase, Urase, Gelatinase Parietal / Oxyntic cells - Intrinsic factor of Castle, HCl Neck Mucus cells - Mucin G cells - Gastrin Entero-chromaffin cells - Serotonin Entero-chromaffin like cells - Histamine
- 7. PROPERTIES Daily Vol - 1200 – 1500 ml Specific Gravity - 1.002 – 1.004 pH - 0.9 – 1.3 Nature - Highly Acidic 7 COMPOSTION Organic Enzymes Pepsin Gastric lipase Gelatinase Urease Renin (only in Animals) Others Mucous Intrinsic factor of Castle Inorganic Hydrochloric acid Sodium Calcium Potassium Bicarbonate Chloride Sulfate Phosphate GASTRIC JUICE
- 8. 8 FUNCTIONS Digestion – Pepsin - Hydrochloric Acid - Proteins - Proteases, Peptones, Polypeptides G. Amylase - Acidic media - Starch - Maltose, Dextrin G. Lipase - Acidic media - Triglycerides - Fatty acids & Glycerol Gelatinase - Acidic media - Gelatin & Collagen of meat - Peptides Urase - Acidic media - Urea - Ammonia Hemopoeitic Parietal cell Secretes Intrinsic factor of Castle – Vit.B12 absorption – Maturation of Blood cells – Haemopoeisis Protection Protects stomach wall from acidic secretion by Mucoprotein (Neck mucous cells) Prevents stomach wall by action of pepsin on it. Functions of Hydrochloric acid – Activates pepsinogen into pepsin. Maintains antibacterial environment in the stomach. Provides acid media – essential for hormonal action GASTRIC JUICE
- 9. Types of Cells – Endocrinal part 𝛼 - Glucagon 𝛽 - Insulin 𝛿 - Somatostatin 𝑝𝑝 - Polypeptide Types of Cells – Exocrinal part Acinar cells – Zymogen granules – Digestive enzymes (Amylolytic- Proteolytic-Lipolytic) 9 Secreted by – Pancreas Pancreas - Endo & Exocrine gland Location - In between folds of duodenum Speciality - Acinar cells, Zymogen granules – Digestive enzymes. Name of duct - Wirsung duct. Classification of parenchyma of pancreas – Endocrinal part – Islets of Langerhans Exocrinal part – Pancreatic juice PANCREATIC JUICE
- 10. PROPERTIES Daily Vol - 500-800 ml/day Specific Gravity - 1.010 - 1.018 pH - 8 - 8.3 Nature - Highly Alkaline 10 COMPOSTION Organic Enzymes P. Amylase Trypsin Chymotrypsin Carboxypeptidase P. Lipase Cholesterol ester hydrolase Nuclease Elastase Collagenase Others Albumin Globulin Inorganic Sodium Calcium Potassium Magnesium Bicarbonate Chloride Sulfate Phosphate PANCREATIC JUICE
- 11. 11 PANCREATIC JUICE FUNCTIONS Digestion – Trypsin - Enterokinase - Proteins - Proteoses, Polypeptides Chymotrypsin - Trypsin - Proteins - Polypeptides Carboxypeptidase - Trypsin - Polypeptides - Amino acids Nucleases - Trypsin - DNA, RNA - Mono nucleotides Elastase - Trypsin - Elastin - Amino acids Collagenase - Trypsin - Collagen - Amino acids P. lipase - Alkali media - Triglycerides - Mono glycerides & fatty acids C. ester hydrolase - Alkali media - Cholesterol ester - Cholesterol & fatty acids Neutralization – Neutralizes the acidic chyme in intestine with its alkalinity.
- 12. 12 Secreted by – Liver Liver - Honeycomb like, largest gland. Weight - 1.5Kg Location - Upper right side of abdominal cavity just beneath diaphragm Speciality – Receives major share of CO 1500ml/min. Special macrophages – Kupffer cells. HEPATIC JUICE
- 13. COMPOSTION Organic Enzymes Bile salts Bile pigments Cholesterol Lecithin Fatty acids Inorganic Sodium Calcium Potassium Bicarbonate Chloride 13 PROPERTIES Appearance - Golden yellow /Green Daily Vol - 800-1200 ml/day Spe. Gravity - 1.010-1.011 pH - 8-8.6 Nature - Alkaline HEPATIC JUICE FUNCTIONS Digestive function – Emulsification of fats (Detergent action) Absorptive function – Micelle Laxative function Choleretic action Cholegogue action Prevents Gall stone formation pH maintainance Lubricant function Excretory function
- 14. 14 INTESTINAL JUICE Secreted by – Small Intestine Length – 3m – 6m (upto 10m) Width – 2cm – 3cm (1inch) Location – Tubular canal extended from lower part of stomach to opening end of Large intestine (Caecum) Parts – Duodenum – Jejunum - Ileum Specialty – Duodenum – Digestion Jejunum & Ileum – Absorption
- 15. PROPERTIES Daily Vol - 1800 ml/day pH - 8.3 Nature - Alkaline 15 COMPOSTION Organic Enzymes Sucrase Maltase Lactase Dextrinase Trehalase Amino, Di, Tri - Peptidase Lipase Enterokinase Others Mucus Intrinsic factor of castle Inorganic Sodium Calcium Potassium Bicarbonate Chloride Sulfate Phosphate INTESTINAL JUICE
- 16. 16 INTESTINAL JUICE FUNCTIONS Digestion – Sucrase - Sucrose - Glucose + Fructose Maltase - Maltose - Glucose Lactase - Lactose - Glucose + Galactose Dextrinase - Dextrin, Maltose - Glucose Trehalase - Trehalose - Glucose Peptidases - Peptides - Amino acids Lipase - Triglycerides - Fatty acids Protection – Secretes mucus prevent intestinal ulcer and perforations Secretes Defensins which have antimicrobial property Activator – Enterokinase activates trypsinogen to trypsin which activates other enzymes. Hemopoetic – Intrinsic factor of Castle – Vit B12 absorption – Role in Hemopoeisis
- 17. 17 INTESTINAL JUICE Secreted by – Large Intestine Length – 5 feet Diameter – 3inch Location – Tubular canal extended from Ileocecal valve up to the Anus. Parts – Ascending Colon – Transverse Colon – Descending Colon – Sigmoid Colon – Rectum & Anal Canal – Anus Specialty – Tinea Coli Crypts of Leiberkuhn
- 18. PROPERTIES Daily Vol - 1800 ml/day pH - 8 Nature - Alkaline 18 COMPOSTION Organic Albumin Globulin Mucin Urea Debris of Epithelial cells Inorganic Sodium Calcium Potassium Bicarbonate Chloride Sulfate Phosphate INTESTINAL JUICE
- 19. 19 INTESTINAL JUICE FUNCTIONS Neutralization of Acids Strong acids formed by bacterial action in large intestine are neutralized by the alkaline nature of large intestinal juice. The alkalinity of this juice is mainly due to the presence of large quantity of bicarbonate. Lubrication Activity Mucin present in the secretion of large intestine lubricates the mucosa of large intestine and the bowel contents, so that, the movement of bowel is facilitated. Mucin also protects the mucus membrane of large intestine by preventing the damage caused by mechanical injury or chemical substances.
- 20. Dr. Aniket A. Shilwant Associate Professor Dept. of Kriya Sharir Noble Ayurved College & Research Institute Junagadh Email – ayuraniket18@gmail.com http://scholar.google.co.in/citations?user=636K2sMAAAAJ&hl=en https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Aniket_Shilwant Thank You All !!!