12. The main motive of TPS is tried to overcome the deficiency or limitations of production.
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14.
15.
16. Its aim was to eliminate waste of all kinds by producing or supplying materials only when they were needed and not earlier.
17. The principle behind JIT was to produce “ only the necessary products at the necessary time and in the necessary quantity” to keep stock at a minimum.
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19. JIT was based on the ‘Pull’ system of manufacturing as against the popularly used ‘Push’ system.
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21. The Kanban system was a tool to effectively control production quantity.
26. Kaizen required all employees to participate in eliminating all activities (productivity and safety) that were classified as waste from the production system.
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28. Poka-yoke involved the creation of processes that moved smoothly from step to step without giving room for error to creep in.
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30.
31. This was the manifestation of Toyota's commitment towards empowerment.
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33. Toyota strong relationship with its suppliers also ensured that company was able to implement JIT effectively which allowed it to achieve high degree of flexibility and considerable lower inventory costs.
38. Ohno’sKanban formula Y = Number of kanban D = Demand per unit time TW = Waiting time of kanban TP = Processing time a = Container capacity(<10%) = Policy variables(<10%)