Presentation by Elena Scaramuzzi - 5th Caribbean Regulators' Forum - 23 September 2021 - CTU 1. Connectivity 2. Data Economy 3. Digital platforms

1. Global regulatory trends:
an overview
5th Caribbean Regulators’ Forum
23 September 2021
Elena Scaramuzzi – Cullen International

2. 2. Data
economy
3. Digital
platforms
1.
Connectivity
Three areas of regulatory intervention
`

3. 1. Radio spectrum
2. Infrastructure deployments, shared use
3. Network security, resilience, sustainability
4. Industrial networks and IoT connectivity
1. Communications industry: top trends

4. Low bands Mid bands High bands
Australia - ✓ ✓
Brazil Planned Planned Planned
China ✓ ✓ ✓
European countries ✓ ✓ ✓
Hong Kong (China) Planned 4Q 2021 ✓ ✓
India - Proposed -
Japan - ✓ ✓
Korea - ✓ ✓
New Zealand - ✓ ✓
Singapore - ✓ ✓
South Africa Proposed Proposed -
USA ✓ ✓ ✓
5G spectrum has been assigned in many countries (but still long way to go)

5. Spectrum for 5G
industrial use
Status
Germany
• 3.7–3.8 GHz
• 24.25–27.5 GHz
148 assignments as of 15 Sep. 2021, to:
• industrial groups (e.g. Airbus, Audi, BMW, Daimler, Mercedes-
Benz, Porsche…)
• telecom industry (e.g. LS Telcom, NTT Data, Telefónica, T-
Systems, Verizon Germany…)
• universities and other research organisations.
Japan
• 4.6–4.9 GHz
• 28.2 to 28.3 GHz
• 28.3–29.1 GHz
Local licences for 5G private networks assigned since 2019.
Among local licensees are Fujitsu, Mitsubishi Electric , and
Sumitomo Corp.
5G local private networks: two examples

6. 1. AI: issues to be addressed (e.g. automated
decision making; facial recognition...)
2. Enforcing data protection, consumer data
rights
3. Cloud architectures, cross-border data flows
4. Taxation of the digital economy
2. Data economy – top trends

7. Where What
Ireland
Record fine imposed by the Irish Data Protection Commission (DPC) on WhatsApp (€225m -
the second largest fine under the EU General Data Protection Regulation) over GDPR.
According to DPC, WhatsApp was not being transparent with its users about how their
personal data is processed by WhatsApp and by other Facebook group companies.
California
Class action alleging that Apple's voice-activated software Siri records conversations
without user consent is moving forward. ‘Accidental activations’ were then shared with
advertisers, according to the claims.
El Salvador
With its Bitcoin Law, El Salvador was the first country in the world to officially classify
bitcoin as legal currency. Bitcoin will became legal tender, alongside the US dollar, from 7
Sep. 2021.
Egypt
The National Telecom Regulatory Authority (NTRA) adopted a regulatory framework on the
establishment of data centres and the offer of cloud computing services in Egypt. The new
rules include licensing and security requirements, amongst others.
A few recent developments…

8. 1. Better understanding of business models
2. Market power of big tech
3. Liabilities of intermediaries under review
4. Taking down illegal content (what is
considered illegal?)
3. Digital platforms – top trends

9. Type of intervention Exclusionary and exploitative practices + market
tipping
Killer acquisitions
Competition policy Competition policy +
regulation
Merger control
Legislation in force CN IN CN
JP
Legislation proposed US EU KR
US
KR
Policy paper / public
consultation /
guidelines
SG AU AU
EU
IN
ZA
JP
ZA
No specific rules on
online platforms
BR BR
MX
MX
SG
TR
TR
Several
approaches in
regulating Big
Tech

10. regulation made simple
Cutting through the complexity of regulation in:
telecommunications media digital economy postal
competition law
and as applied in the above sectors
News Alerts Monitoring Benchmarks Databases Enquiries
Thank you!!!