The document discusses peptidomics, which is the comprehensive analysis of small polypeptides. It describes how peptidomics can be used to identify biomarkers for diseases like diabetes and heart disease. Peptidomics is also useful for identifying peptide drug targets and developing peptide therapeutics. The document outlines technologies used in peptidomics like mass spectrometry and fragmentation techniques for peptide sequencing. It concludes by describing the peptidomics services offered by Creative Proteomics.

1. | Creative Proteomics Presentation |
The Application and Methods
for Peptidomics

2. The peptidomics means the
comprehensive visualization and
analysis of small polypeptides, thus
covering the mass range between
proteomics and metabonomics.
During the completion of
the human genome, a
wide variety of additional
“omics” technologies arose,
such as transcriptomics.
There is no clear definition to distinguish between peptides and proteins. The most
common description is that peptides range from two amino acids (dipeptides) to
small proteins with a molecular mass of 20 kDa. There are large numbers of
peptides in human body fluids and have many possible functionalities.

3. Peptidomics in Biomarkers
The data from a biomarker can be applied to diagnostic implications, molecular and cellular
events of the pathology, and new therapeutic approaches.
C-peptide of proinsulin in
diabetes
natriuretic peptides in
heart diseases
amyloid peptides correlated
with Alzheimer's
• Qualitative analysis: show which peptides are present in a sample
• Quantitative analysis: discover the concentration

4. Peptidomics in Drug Targets
Small molecules
Antibodies
Peptides
Proteins
• With the developments in several technologies in the
areas of peptide synthesis, screening, stability, and
modifications, peptides are now recognized as lead
molecules for therapeutics.
• Features :Important peptide properties are their
chemical and biological diversity, high specificity, high
affinity and potency, and unique 3D characteristics.
They also show no accumulation in organs, usually
display a low toxicity at therapeutic doses, and are
less immunogenic than antibodies.
• Drawbacks. They are low stability in body fluids and
the difficulty in transporting them to target organs.

5. Peptidomics in Drug Targets
There are more than 67 peptide drugs are currently on the market.
Adrenocorticotropic
hormone
Amyloid Beta-
peptide
Calcitonin Desmopressin
Incretin
mimetics
Insulin
Leuprolide
acetate
Oxytocin
Pramlintide
acetate.

6. Technologies of Peptidomics
Peptides analysis needs preparation and analysis methods
that are substantially different from those typically used for
proteins.
In peptidomics studies, it’s important to control proteolysis,
not only to avoid peptide degradation but also mainly to
prevent contaminating the peptide sample with proteolytic
fragments of larger proteins from the same source.

7. Technologies of Peptidomics
The peptides have some characteristics, including the peptide size and charge state, which
complicate the analysis of endogenous peptides.
• The endogenous peptides range in size from 2 to over 100 amino acids.
• In addition, the charge state of the endogenous peptides is not nearly as uniform as for
tryptic peptides.
• And because of the blocked N-terminus and the absence of lysine, some endogenous
peptides have no positive charge.
However, the goal of most peptidomics studies is to identify all of the abundant peptides,
including some peptides with positive charges or large sizes. Because peptides vary in multiple
aspects, multiple peptide purification methods can be used sequentially on the same sample.
But this strategy has some drawbacks, like limiting the reproducibility of the method and
increasing sample preparation time.

8. Technologies of Peptidomics
With the development of electrospray ionization (ESI)
and matrix-assisted laser desdorption/ionization
(MALDI), mass spectrometry has become an ideal
tool for peptide analysis. These soft ionization
methods can ionize intact peptide molecules and
acceleration into a vacuum without substantial
fragmentation.
ESI
MALDI

9. Technologies of Peptidomics
• Various mass analyzers have applied to peptidomics,
including orbitraps, quadrupole time-of-flight (Q-
TOF), and micro-TOF. In addition, tandem mass
spectrometry is required for additional information
for sequencing.
• There are some commonly used fragmentation
techniques for peptidomics, including collision-
induced dissociation (CID), electron transfer
dissociation (ETD) and electron-capture dissociation
(ECD).

10. Our
Services
Equipped with high resolution mass spectrometer, the bioanalysts and
technicians in Creative Proteomics can offer professional assistance in
your peptidomics research, including characterization of peptide
biomarkers and comprehensive peptidomics services.

11. T h a n k s
Please contact us for more information
Web:
Email:
www.creative-proteomics.com
info@creative-proteomics.com