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Culture Shock:
Easing the transition
Line up based on how long you
     have lived in Manila.
In your table groups
         discuss:
• What cultural similarities do you find
  between Filipino culture and what you
  consider to be your culture?
• What do you find are the cultural
  differences?
• Is there anything that conflicts?
What are we
 talking about
  when we talk
about “Culture”?
• a: the integrated pattern of human behavior
  that includes thought, speech, action, artifacts
  and depends upon the human capacity for
  learning and transmitting knowledge to
  succeeding generations.
• b: the customary beliefs, social forms, and
  material traits of a racial, religious, or social
  group.

                                        (Merriam-Webster)
Culture is:
• Symbolic: a learned system of meanings
  attached to objects and actions—and we react
  to the meanings as much as to the things
  themselves—it is the meaning that we read
  into them that matters.
• Integrated: system of meanings that fit
  together coherently and are extended in ways
  that make sense to people in the culture.
• Arbitrary and learned.
Culture shock
Culture shock
Culture shock
• If you asked people from different cultures to tell you
  what these symbols mean, they may each have very
  different answers.
• Meanings are layered onto the symbols by
  people, not somehow inherent in them.
• The meanings would seem random or crazy to
  someone not familiar with the culture.
• Culture is socially constructed, a set of cultural
  constructs.
• We learn to recognize something for what it is and
  what it is not.
• Cultures may exist as subdivisions of larger cultures.
• Culture changes: it is constructed and re-constructed
  in different ways, for a variety of reasons.
Cultural Iceberg
“We seldom realize, for example
that our most private thoughts and
emotions are not actually our own.
For we think in terms of languages
   and images which we did not
invent, but which were given to us
          by our society.”
                         Alan Watts
Cultural Universals
1. communicating with a verbal language consisting of a limited
set of sounds and grammatical rules for constructing sentences
 2. using age and gender to classify people (e.g., teenager, senior
citizen, woman, man)
 3. classifying people based on marriage and descent
relationships and having kinship terms to refer to them
(e.g., wife, mother, uncle, cousin)
 4. raising children in some sort of family setting
 5. having a sexual division of labor (e.g., men's work versus
women's work)
 6. having a concept of privacy
 7. having rules to regulate sexual behavior
8. distinguishing between good and bad behavior
9. having some sort of body ornamentation
10. making jokes and playing games
11. having art
12. having some sort of leadership roles for the implementation
of community decisions
“People are all exactly alike. There's no such thing as a race
  and barely such a thing as an ethnic group. If we were
   dogs, we'd be the same breed. George Bush and an
 Australian Aborigine have fewer differences than a Lhasa
  Apso and a Toy Fox Terrier. A Japanese raised in Riyadh
would be an Arab. A Zulu raised in New Rochelle would be
  an orthodontist. People are all the same, though their
      circumstances differ terribly.” ― P.J. O’Rourke
What is
“Culture
Shock”?
• Disorientation experienced when suddenly
  subjected to an unfamiliar culture or way of
  life.
• A characteristic set of specific psychological
  symptoms caused by the stress of being
  immersed in a foreign culture.
The characteristic symptoms
include:
• - anxiety, frustration, irritability, anger, hostility, depression
        - from unease, to bursting into tears, to unjustifiable rages
• - constant complaining about the people, food, customs, etc.
        - and an idealized memory of the home culture
• - paranoia
        - excessive fear of being cheated, robbed, taken advantage of
        because we often don’t really understand what is going on
• - withdrawal from social contact
        - spending lots of time hiding in your room, avoiding contact
• - seeking the familiar
        -seeking compatriots
• - seeking familiar foods - even ones we don’t normally want
• - focusing on returning home
        - making, rechecking, confirming travel arrangements, etc.
Phases of Culture Shock
• Wonder (Honeymoon) New, exciting, curious
• Frustration (Crisis, Distress) Confused, isolated
• Depression (Flight, Re-integration)
  Superior/inferior, angry, frustrated, hostile
• Acceptance (Autonomy) Beginning to feel like
  ourselves again, more confident, coping easier
• Independence
What role does grief play in culture
             shock?
Universal Stressors that
 can trigger Culture Shock:
• Loss of the familiar
• Loss of friends
• Language barriers and unfamiliar
  customs
• New school or work situation
• Household help and status issues
• If you and/or your children ever
  experienced culture shock, how did
  you know it?
• How did you deal with it?
• What was helpful?
HOW DO I KNOW IF MY
CHILD IS EXPERIENCING
   CULTURE SHOCK?
• Physical symptoms are the most
  obvious.
    --Poor sleep, nightmares, change in eating
     habits, headaches, stomach aches
     --Frequent visits to the clinic
• Emotional sensitivity (crying, anger)
• Clinginess (separation anxiety)
• Behavior regression (acts younger than
  his or her age)
WHICH CHILDREN ARE
    MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO
      CULTURE SHOCK?
•   First-timers
•   Children of working parents
•   Sensitive children
•   Children of cross-cultural marriages
In what ways does living in
the digital world contribute
to prolonging culture shock?
HELPING THE FAMILY
MOVE THROUGH CULTURE
       SHOCK
• Make one parent available at the
  beginning
• Create structure and stability
• Don’t let your own prejudices show
• Control the use of technology
It’s okay to
ask for help!
“One of the most effective ways to learn about oneself is by
 taking seriously the cultures of others. It forces you to pay
  attention to those details of life which differentiate them
                from you.” ―Edward T. Hall
"Culture is a matrix of infinite possibilities and choices.
    From within the same culture matrix we can extract
      arguments and strategies for the degradation and
     ennoblement of our species, for its enslavement or
liberation, for the suppression of its productive potential or
             its enhancement.” —Wole Sovinka
“Cultural survival is not about preservation, sequestering
indigenous peoples in enclaves like some sort of zoological
  specimens. Change itself does note destroy a culture. All
societies are constantly evolving. Indeed a culture survives
when it has enough confidence in its past and enough say in
 its future to maintain its spirit and essence through all the
   changes it will inevitably undergo. ”      ―Wade Davis
"People of different religions and cultures live side by side
  in almost every part of the world, and most of us have
 overlapping identities which unite us with very different
 groups. We can love what we are, without hating what –
      and who – we are not. We can thrive in our own
   tradition, even as we learn from others, and come to
          respect their teachings.” —Kofi Annan
“The world in which you were born is just one model of
reality. Other cultures are not failed attempts at being YOU:
    they are unique manifestations of the human spirit.”
                            ―Wade David
Additional events for parents:
• PTA Bearcat Welcome (September
  4th, 2012, 7:30-9:00am)
• Understanding Third Culture Kids (October
  16, 2012, 9:00-11:00am)
• Third Culture Kids: The Lived Experience
  (January 22, 2013, 9:00-11:00am)
• Moving On and Saying Goodbye (April
  16, 2013, 9:00-11:00am)
References:
• Owen, B. (2011). Culture as meaning and
  culture shock: Constructs that affect us
  profoundly.
• Pascoe, R. (2006). Raising Global Nomads:
  Parenting abroad in an on-demand world.

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Culture shock

  • 2. Line up based on how long you have lived in Manila.
  • 3. In your table groups discuss: • What cultural similarities do you find between Filipino culture and what you consider to be your culture? • What do you find are the cultural differences? • Is there anything that conflicts?
  • 4. What are we talking about when we talk about “Culture”?
  • 5. • a: the integrated pattern of human behavior that includes thought, speech, action, artifacts and depends upon the human capacity for learning and transmitting knowledge to succeeding generations. • b: the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group. (Merriam-Webster)
  • 6. Culture is: • Symbolic: a learned system of meanings attached to objects and actions—and we react to the meanings as much as to the things themselves—it is the meaning that we read into them that matters. • Integrated: system of meanings that fit together coherently and are extended in ways that make sense to people in the culture. • Arbitrary and learned.
  • 10. • If you asked people from different cultures to tell you what these symbols mean, they may each have very different answers. • Meanings are layered onto the symbols by people, not somehow inherent in them. • The meanings would seem random or crazy to someone not familiar with the culture. • Culture is socially constructed, a set of cultural constructs. • We learn to recognize something for what it is and what it is not. • Cultures may exist as subdivisions of larger cultures. • Culture changes: it is constructed and re-constructed in different ways, for a variety of reasons.
  • 12. “We seldom realize, for example that our most private thoughts and emotions are not actually our own. For we think in terms of languages and images which we did not invent, but which were given to us by our society.” Alan Watts
  • 13. Cultural Universals 1. communicating with a verbal language consisting of a limited set of sounds and grammatical rules for constructing sentences 2. using age and gender to classify people (e.g., teenager, senior citizen, woman, man) 3. classifying people based on marriage and descent relationships and having kinship terms to refer to them (e.g., wife, mother, uncle, cousin) 4. raising children in some sort of family setting 5. having a sexual division of labor (e.g., men's work versus women's work) 6. having a concept of privacy 7. having rules to regulate sexual behavior
  • 14. 8. distinguishing between good and bad behavior 9. having some sort of body ornamentation 10. making jokes and playing games 11. having art 12. having some sort of leadership roles for the implementation of community decisions
  • 15. “People are all exactly alike. There's no such thing as a race and barely such a thing as an ethnic group. If we were dogs, we'd be the same breed. George Bush and an Australian Aborigine have fewer differences than a Lhasa Apso and a Toy Fox Terrier. A Japanese raised in Riyadh would be an Arab. A Zulu raised in New Rochelle would be an orthodontist. People are all the same, though their circumstances differ terribly.” ― P.J. O’Rourke
  • 17. • Disorientation experienced when suddenly subjected to an unfamiliar culture or way of life. • A characteristic set of specific psychological symptoms caused by the stress of being immersed in a foreign culture.
  • 18. The characteristic symptoms include: • - anxiety, frustration, irritability, anger, hostility, depression - from unease, to bursting into tears, to unjustifiable rages • - constant complaining about the people, food, customs, etc. - and an idealized memory of the home culture • - paranoia - excessive fear of being cheated, robbed, taken advantage of because we often don’t really understand what is going on • - withdrawal from social contact - spending lots of time hiding in your room, avoiding contact • - seeking the familiar -seeking compatriots • - seeking familiar foods - even ones we don’t normally want • - focusing on returning home - making, rechecking, confirming travel arrangements, etc.
  • 19. Phases of Culture Shock • Wonder (Honeymoon) New, exciting, curious • Frustration (Crisis, Distress) Confused, isolated • Depression (Flight, Re-integration) Superior/inferior, angry, frustrated, hostile • Acceptance (Autonomy) Beginning to feel like ourselves again, more confident, coping easier • Independence
  • 20. What role does grief play in culture shock?
  • 21. Universal Stressors that can trigger Culture Shock: • Loss of the familiar • Loss of friends • Language barriers and unfamiliar customs • New school or work situation • Household help and status issues
  • 22. • If you and/or your children ever experienced culture shock, how did you know it? • How did you deal with it? • What was helpful?
  • 23. HOW DO I KNOW IF MY CHILD IS EXPERIENCING CULTURE SHOCK?
  • 24. • Physical symptoms are the most obvious. --Poor sleep, nightmares, change in eating habits, headaches, stomach aches --Frequent visits to the clinic • Emotional sensitivity (crying, anger) • Clinginess (separation anxiety) • Behavior regression (acts younger than his or her age)
  • 25. WHICH CHILDREN ARE MOST SUSCEPTIBLE TO CULTURE SHOCK? • First-timers • Children of working parents • Sensitive children • Children of cross-cultural marriages
  • 26. In what ways does living in the digital world contribute to prolonging culture shock?
  • 27. HELPING THE FAMILY MOVE THROUGH CULTURE SHOCK • Make one parent available at the beginning • Create structure and stability • Don’t let your own prejudices show • Control the use of technology
  • 28. It’s okay to ask for help!
  • 29. “One of the most effective ways to learn about oneself is by taking seriously the cultures of others. It forces you to pay attention to those details of life which differentiate them from you.” ―Edward T. Hall
  • 30. "Culture is a matrix of infinite possibilities and choices. From within the same culture matrix we can extract arguments and strategies for the degradation and ennoblement of our species, for its enslavement or liberation, for the suppression of its productive potential or its enhancement.” —Wole Sovinka
  • 31. “Cultural survival is not about preservation, sequestering indigenous peoples in enclaves like some sort of zoological specimens. Change itself does note destroy a culture. All societies are constantly evolving. Indeed a culture survives when it has enough confidence in its past and enough say in its future to maintain its spirit and essence through all the changes it will inevitably undergo. ” ―Wade Davis
  • 32. "People of different religions and cultures live side by side in almost every part of the world, and most of us have overlapping identities which unite us with very different groups. We can love what we are, without hating what – and who – we are not. We can thrive in our own tradition, even as we learn from others, and come to respect their teachings.” —Kofi Annan
  • 33. “The world in which you were born is just one model of reality. Other cultures are not failed attempts at being YOU: they are unique manifestations of the human spirit.” ―Wade David
  • 34. Additional events for parents: • PTA Bearcat Welcome (September 4th, 2012, 7:30-9:00am) • Understanding Third Culture Kids (October 16, 2012, 9:00-11:00am) • Third Culture Kids: The Lived Experience (January 22, 2013, 9:00-11:00am) • Moving On and Saying Goodbye (April 16, 2013, 9:00-11:00am)
  • 35. References: • Owen, B. (2011). Culture as meaning and culture shock: Constructs that affect us profoundly. • Pascoe, R. (2006). Raising Global Nomads: Parenting abroad in an on-demand world.