SineTamer TVSS

2. Product Line Review

3.  Five Family Groups
◦ Panel-mount models
◦ Individual equipment protection models
◦ Dedicated load circuit protection models
◦ Data models
◦ Telecommunication models

4.  ST-RSE line – 4 mode – no tracking
 RM line – 7 mode- frequency attenuation- 20 –
40 - 60 ka per phase
 LA line – 10 mode – frequency attenuation-
 ST line – True all mode – Optimal Response &
Optimal frequency attenuation

5.  Application:
◦ 200 amp Sub-Panels
◦ Low Exposure Areas
◦ Individual Equipment
 Peak Surge Current Per
Mode:
◦ 20 kA
 4 mode, No frequency
attenuation, thermal and
current fuses.
 ST-RSE3Y1
ST-RSE3Y2
ST-RSE3N2
ST-RSE3N4

6.  Application:
◦ Sub-Panels
◦ Low Exposure Areas
◦ Individual Equipment
 Peak Surge Current Per
Phase:
◦ 40, 80 & 120 kA
RM-ST60, RM-ST80, RM-ST120
1P1, 1P2, 1S1, 3Y1, 3Y2, 3N2, 3N4
RM-ST40 3Y1, 3Y2, 3N2, 3N4
Small Drives or Panels up to 250 amps
Frequency Attenuation
Component/Current Fusing
No options

7.  3 or 4 Mode
 Frequency Attenuation
 Thermal/Current Fused
 Compact
 Up to 250 Amps
Great for small VFD,
Power Supplies,
Rectifiers.

8.  Applications
◦ Main Service Entrance
Panels
◦ Medium and High
Exposure
◦ Panels up to 2500 Amps
 Ten mode – current and
thermal fusing,
Frequency tracking,
various options.
 Ka Ratings per phase
◦ 60 kA
◦ 120 kA
◦ 180 kA
◦ 240 kA
◦ 300 kA
LA-ST60 / LA-ST120 / LA-ST180
LA-ST240 / LA-ST300
1P1, 1P2, 1S1, 3Y1, 3Y2, 3N2, 3N4,
3N6

9.  Applications
◦ Main Panels, sub-
panels
◦ Individual
equipment
◦ Medium to high
exposure
◦ Locations up to
5,000 Amps
 Peak Surge Current
Per phase
◦ 90 kA
◦ 120 kA
◦ 180 kA
◦ 240 kA
◦ 300 kA
◦ 420 kA
◦ 600 kA
◦ 720 kA
◦ 900 kA
 ST-S(C)SLA, ST-S(C)KLA, ST-S(C)DLA,
ST-L(C)SEA, ST-S(C)MLA, ST-S(C)ILA,
ST-S(C)HLA, ST-S(C)HDLA, ST-S(C)MDLA
ST-S(C)XDLA

10.  Determines two aspects of the design of the
product
◦ Peak surge current
◦ Sine wave tracking (SWT) or not
 SWT is designated by a base model beginning with “C”
 RES models indicate SWT by adding an “S” after “RES”,
or “RESS”.

11.  Reflects the nominal system voltage of
the system to which the SPD will be
applied
 No dashes between the base model and
the voltage code on the Advantage ST
units.

12.  Reflect the various options that one might
utilize for a particular application.
 The key to properly providing option
codes is to place them in alphabetical
order with no dashes or spaces.

13.  Basic application
 Not intended to set limits
 Only general examples
 C62.72TM-2007 - IEEE Guide for the
Application of Surge-Protective Devices
for Low-Voltage (1000 Volts or Less) AC
Power Circuits

14.  General construction
 Parallel or series
 SWT or not
 Encapsulation is described here
 General method of fusing
 General description of the modes of
protection

15.  Selecting PSC can be challenging
 Lightning – 10,000 amps up to 200,000 amps
or more
 Very much controversy amongst the experts
as to how much peak surge current is too
much, adequate or not sufficient

16.  From C62.72TM-2007:
◦ Most lightning strikes - range of 10 kA to 40 kA
◦ Median value - 15 kA to 20 kA
◦ Only 6% of the currents were above 60 kA
◦ Less than 2% of the currents were above 100 kA

17.  Controversial area of discussion
 Opinions vary greatly on this issue
 Currents measured in most studies are that
of lightning NOT the amount of surge current
that can actually enter in the building
electrical system
 These values can be vastly different (lower)

18.  The Ten-to-One Rule of Thumb:
◦ Ten-to-one ratio between the service size and the
peak surge current per mode of the SPD – as a
starting point
◦ One must consider the expected exposure of the
installation location (even if the panel is internal to
the facility – the loads may not be)

19.  Lightning is lightning - whether in Florida
or North Dakota
 Lightning in either area can carry the same
levels of current
 In fact, northern latitudes are more
statistically prone to “positive” lightning
which is understood to be much higher in
surge current
 However, the rate of occurrence of lightning
in Florida is much, much greater than that
of many northern regions

20.  Per mode rating = combined rating of the
suppression components used in that mode
 For example, an ST-SMLA model has five
components in parallel that are rated at 20 kA
each; thus, the peak surge current per mode
for an ST-SMLA is 5 x 20 kA or 100 kA

21.  Per phase rating = the combination of the
three modes connected to that phase – phase
to neutral, phase to ground and phase to
phase
 For example, the peak surge current per
phase of an ST-SMLA model is 100 kA per
mode x 3 modes or 300 kA per phase

22.  Some SPD manufacturers only consider the
phase to neutral and phase to ground modes
when calculating the “per phase” peak surge
current
 There is no standard that provides a method
for determining this value
 Often manufacturers that use this calculation
method do not have direct phase to phase
components

23. Base Model PSC per mode PSC per phase*
ST-SSLA/ST-CSLA 30 kA 90 kA
ST-SKLA/ST-CKLA 40 kA 120 kA
ST-SDLA/ST-CDLA 60 kA 180 kA
ST-LSEA/ST-CSEA 80 kA 240 kA
ST-SMLA/ST-CMLA 100 kA 300 kA
LA-ST60 20 Ka 60 Ka
LA-120 40 Ka 120 Ka
RM-ST60 20 kA 40 kA
RM-ST120 40 kA 80 kA
RM-ST180 60 kA 120 kA
ST-RSE 20 kA 20 kA
ST-RES/ST-RESS 40 kA 120 kA

24.  Important to match the product to the
application
 Be sure you know what you are looking at
 NEC 2005 – Only SPDs listed for use on a
Delta system are allowed on Delta systems
(L-G MCOV is the same or higher than the L-L
MCOV)

25. Voltage
Code
Nominal System
Voltage (Vrms)
System Type and Conductor
Counts
1P1 120
Single Phase, One Phase, Neutral And
Ground
1P2 240
Single Phase, One Phase, Neutral And
Ground
1P3 380
Single Phase, One Phase, Neutral And
Ground
1P4 480
Single Phase, One Phase, Neutral And
Ground
1P6 600
Single Phase, One Phase, Neutral And
Ground
1S1 120/240
Split Phase, Two Phases, Neutral And
Ground
1S2 240/480
Split Phase, Two Phases, Neutral And
Ground

26. 3Y1 120/208
Wye, Three Phases, Neutral and
Ground
3Y2 277/480
Wye, Three Phases, Neutral and
Ground
3Y2 220/380
Wye, Three Phases, Neutral and
Ground
3Y2 230/400
Wye, Three Phases, Neutral and
Ground
3Y2 240/415
Wye, Three Phases, Neutral and
Ground
3Y3 347/600
Wye, Three Phases, Neutral and
Ground

27. 3N1 120
Delta (no neutral), Three
Phases and Ground
3N2 240
Delta (no neutral), Three
Phases and Ground
3N3 380
Delta (no neutral), Three
Phases and Ground
3N4 480
Delta (no neutral), Three
Phases and Ground
3N6 600
Delta (no neutral), Three
Phases and Ground

28. 2N1 120
Delta (no neutral), Two
Phases and Ground
2N2 240
Delta (no neutral), Two
Phases and Ground
2N3 380
Delta (no neutral), Two
Phases and Ground
2N4 480
Delta (no neutral), Two
Phases and Ground
2N6 600
Delta (no neutral), Two
Phases and Ground

29.  Single phase systems
◦ Important to note whether the system is truly two
phases and ground or phase, neutral and ground
◦ The SPDs are only fused on the phases (not the
neutral)
◦ Determine the source of the single phase

30.  Wye System – Modes available
WYE SYSTEM
Available Modes of Protection
Phase A
Neutral
Phase B
Phase C
Ground
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
1 - Phase A to N
2 - Phase B to N
3 - Phase C to N
4 - Phase A to G
5 - Phase B to G
6 - Phase C to G
7 - Neutral to Gr
8 - Phase A to P
9 - Phase A to P
10 - Phase B to

31.  The LA and Advantage models = Ten mode
(or discrete all mode) design
 Direct mode of protection for each available
mode
 Does not rely upon components intended for
the protection of other modes
 See the white paper: Modes of Protection
within Electrical Systems for Application of
Surge Suppression

32. Sine Wave Tracking
DOES NOT
track the sine wave.

33.  The phrase sine wave tracking is:
◦ A very good description of the result of the
action of the sine wave tracking circuitry
◦ A marketing phrase or quasi-scientific jargon
used to describe a specialized filter circuit
◦ Intended to mitigate the effects of switching or
ringing surges

34.  A low-pass filter designed with a particular
spectrum of frequencies which it is
intended to attenuate
 The components of the SWT circuitry are
especially selected so that they can survive
the surge environment without failure due
to the surge itself

35.  Standard clamping models only react to
an over voltage event
 Sine wave tracking models react to an
over voltage event and to a change in
frequency
 A change in frequency occurs when the
voltage of the surge digresses from the
normal voltage and frequency of the sine
wave

37.  Standard clamping versus SWT

38.  SWT does not have a clamping level
 The figure is correct in that what is shown
is the general result of sine wave tracking
 Provides an easily understandable
comparison to non-SWT models
 However, it should be stated, when
appropriate, that this is not how SWT truly
works
 SWT reacts to a change in frequency created
by the surge
 SWT operates independent of the voltage.

39.  Cautions: Harmonics
◦ SWT is somewhat immune to overvoltage
◦ Not immune to “over-frequency”
◦ Harmonics created “over-frequency”
◦ SWT tries to attenuate (conducts) the higher
frequencies
◦ Rule of Thumb: Less than 15% Total Harmonic
Distortion (THD)

40.  Cautions: Drives
◦ Drives create harmonics on the load and line side
◦ It is not recommended to use SWT on the load side
◦ SWT is recommended for the low-voltage controller

41.  Cautions: Capacitor Banks
◦ Resonant conditions can occur due to the
interaction of the SWT circuitry, the capacitance of
the capacitor bank and the inductance/impedance
of the system between the two
◦ Very difficult to predict when this will happen
◦ Use standard clamping models in this situation

42.  Two types of fusing utilized
◦ Component level, thermal fusing
◦ Phase level, fault current fusing
 Takes the SPD offline in the event of a failure

43.  Component Level Fusing
◦ Separates the RM, LA. ST models from previous
product families
◦ Activated during (relatively) high impedance, low
fault current conditions
◦ MOVs dissipate power during this event
◦ Thermal fusing reacts to the heat and opens
◦ Mitigates the effects of thermal runaway

44.  Component Level Fusing
◦ Exercised during the UL 1449 low-current induced
failure tests
◦ Failure is evaluated for safety (cheesecloth, tissue
paper)
◦ Currents for this test are limited to 10, 5, 2.5 and
0.5 amps

45.  Phase Level Fusing
◦ Separates our unit from previous product families
by how it is accomplished
◦ Activated during low impedance, high fault current
conditions
◦ Interrupts the flow of follow current
◦ Prevents the tremendous power dissipation that can
occur when an MOV fails with little or no current
limit

46.  The SineTamer break-through
◦ Allows for a much smaller package
◦ Fusing option can be incorporated into standard
size enclosures
◦ Reduces internal lead length
◦ Reduces external lead length due to the small
overall package size and ease of installation

47.  The SineTamer break-
through
◦ Patent-pending construction
method that allows for
reduction in lead length and
impedance that improves
performance
◦ Completely insulated on the
load and line side
◦ Prevents line side failures due
to arcing that occur when the
MOVs out-gas

48.  Defined (from IEEE Standard C62.41.1-2002)
as “the maximum magnitude of voltage that
is measured across the terminals of the
surge-protective device (SPD) during the
application of a series of impulses of
specified wave shape and amplitude.”
 Synonymous with “Let-Through Voltage”

49.  MLVs provide a “snap-shot” of the
performance of an SPD
 Be careful to be sure that all things are equal
when using MLVs to make comparisons
amongst SPDs
 MLVs are highly dependent on the test setup,
equipment used and measurement method

50.  Key ECS test specifications
◦ All voltages reported are peak voltages
◦ All voltages reported are from the peak of the
sine-wave to the peak of the surge (as opposed
to measuring from the zero crossing point of the
sine-wave)
◦ The voltages reported for a particular mode are
the average of each of the three phases for that
mode and the average of ten shots for each mode
(except for N-G, of course)
◦ The oscilloscope time base used for
measurement is 10 – 20 microseconds per
division

51.  Key ECS test specifications
◦ The sampling rate of the oscilloscope is a
minimum of 250 Megasamples per second (250
million data points per second)
◦ The surge generator is calibrated to the IEEE
standards
◦ The oscilloscope is calibrated and has traceable
calibration records
◦ The surge generator peak voltages and currents
are calibrated at the ends of the leads needed to
connect the generator to the SPD
◦ All SPDs are tested with six inches of lead length
extending from the outside wall/conduit of the
enclosure to simulate actual installation

52.  Represents
switching surges
that exist in the
electrical system
environment
 Characteristic
frequency around
100 kHz
 SWT is intended to
mitigate these
surges

53.  Very frequent in occurrence
 Less notable than lightning
 Not visible like lightning
 Not always immediately recognized as
being damaging or disruptive to electrical
circuits
 Occur as part of every-day normal,
intended operations
 Occur as part of abnormal, unintentional
operations

54.  Contactors, relays or breakers
 Switching of capacitor banks
 Stored energy systems
 Discharge of inductive devices
 Starting and stopping of loads
 Fault or arc initiation
 Pulsed power loads

55.  Arcing faults and arcing ground faults
 Fault clearing
 Power system recovery
 Loose connections
 Lightning induced oscillatory surges

56.  Indicates that highest voltage for which the
SPD can properly operate for a particular
mode
 Particularly important when determining the
voltage code of the SPD
 indicates the level of “head-room” provided
between the nominal system voltage and the
actual maximum allowable voltage for the
SPD

57.  Our products generally have MCOVs that are
15-25% higher than the nominal system
voltage
 Allows for normal and some abnormal
overvoltages to occur with causing failure of
the SPD
 MCOVs that are too low can create scenarios
where SPDs fail due to what the utility
considers normal fluctuations

58.  MCOV has direct impact on the MLVs
 Generally, the higher the MCOV, the higher
the MLV will be
 With careful design considerations, the MCOV
can be raised to an acceptable level without
having significant impact on the performance
of the SPD

59.  LEDs only
◦ One green LED per phase
◦ Normally on
◦ Sense the status of the protection circuit
◦ Sense the presence of power from the electrical
system

60.  C – Dry Relay Contacts
◦ Normally open (NO) and normally closed (NC)
contacts
◦ Do not share a common terminal
◦ Can both be used or can be used independent of
one another
◦ Change state when either the internal or external
over-current device opens or when power is lost
to the SPD
◦ Can be used in combination with existing
monitoring systems
◦ No voltage supplied to the contacts by the SPD;
thus, the terminology “dry” or “volt-free”

61.  AC – Audible Alarm
◦ Contains a 110 dB, pulsed siren
◦ A blinking red “trouble” LED
◦ One green LED per phase
◦ Powered by a long-life lithium based 9V battery with a ten-
year shelf life
◦ Siren to operate continuously for a minimum of 72 hours
◦ Red, “trouble” LED to operate continuously for a minimum
of 144 hours
◦ Senses the status of the normally open dry relay contact
(with power applied)
◦ Equipped with a mute switch and test button
◦ Siren has a duty cycle on the sound output

62.  LP – Remote LED Option
◦ External LEDs housed in individual, round NEMA
4X holders
◦ Mounted remotely from the SPD and the LEDs are
located so that they can be viewed externally
◦ “Daylight bright” and can be viewed in bright
sunshine
◦ Provided with six feet of wire for each LED
◦ Drill template for properly locating the LEDs
◦ Overlay that can be applied to the surface to
which the LEDs are mounted

63.  R1 – Remote LED/DRC board – no enclosure
◦ Used when the suppressor is mounted internal to
a panel or gear
◦ The board is mounted on the backside of an
external wall of the panel/gear enclosure
◦ LEDs are allowed to shine through the enclosure
to the overlay
◦ Provided with six feet of wire external to the
suppressor for connecting the LED/DRC board
◦ Used in combination with the LEDs only or DRC
option

64.  S – Surge Counter
◦ Features an 8-digit LCD display (counts to
99,999,999 and then starts over)
◦ 10 year battery
◦ Manual reset switch
◦ Reset-disable jumper
◦ Provisions for NEMA 4 and NEMA 4X locations
◦ Sensitivity of the surge counter is such that it will
count surges that are at the A1 ring-wave level
◦ Sensing circuit is current-based rather than
voltage-based
◦ Only counts surges that the unit has acted upon
by detecting surge current flowing into the SPD

65.  Surge Counter Notes:
◦ The paper includes some cautions when selling
surge counters (does not count enough, counts too
much, etc.)
◦ See Success with Surge Counters! [Hotchkiss] and
Surge Counter Case Study Update [Fussell]

66.  Application:
◦ Individual Equipment
◦ Individual Circuits
 Peak Surge Current:
◦ 60 kA Total
 Units for both Frequency
Attenuating and Non.
 Available in DC and AC up to
480.
 Terminal Strip for 15, 30
and 60 Amps.
 Wired and Parallel versions
 Variety of Options –Din, RJ,
Video, Coax
ST-SPTxxx-y *
*Examples
ST-SPT120-15, ST-SPT480-15,
ST-SPT48DC-30, ST-FSPT120-15

68.  Different type of data circuits
 Where they are found
 Applicable TVSS units
 Why they are selected
 How to properly select a unit

69. ◦ Where data is passed between buildings on a
facility (e.g., production management)
◦ Where data is sent from an operating piece of
equipment to an operations control center
(e.g., cement plants & water treatment plants)
◦ Where data is sent between operating
machines within a building (e.g.
synchronization)

70.  Common data circuits
 4-20 mA
 Ethernet
 Frame relay
 RS-232
 Telephone

71.  Signal voltage level
◦ Number of wires used
◦ Data rate
◦ Connector type
◦ Circuit resistance

72.  2 to 4 wires
 Signal voltage < 12 Vdc
 Data rate 2 Mbps or less

73. Which unit to use on a 12 volt circuit?
< 160 V
< 160 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
140 V
140 V
70 V
S-D140-x
< 80 V
< 80 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
54 V
54 V
70 V
S-D48-x
S-D53-x
< 40 V
< 40 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
36 V
36 V
70 V
S-D24-x
S-D33-x
< 30
< 30
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
15 V
15 V
70 V
S-D12-x
S-D15-x
< 20 V
< 20 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
7.5 V
7.5 V
70 V
S-D5-x
B3/C1 Impulse Wave
6 kV, 3 kA
Test Mode
Maximum Continuous
Operating Current
Maximum Continuous
Operating Voltages
Model
x = 2, 4, or 6
Terminals.
Let-Through Voltages Using ANSI/IEEE C62.45 & C62-41.1 / C62-41.2 Test Environment:
Static, positive polarity. All voltages are peak (10%).
< 160 V
< 160 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
140 V
140 V
70 V
S-D140-x
< 80 V
< 80 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
54 V
54 V
70 V
S-D48-x
S-D53-x
< 40 V
< 40 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
36 V
36 V
70 V
S-D24-x
S-D33-x
< 30
< 30
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
15 V
15 V
70 V
S-D12-x
S-D15-x
< 20 V
< 20 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
7.5 V
7.5 V
70 V
S-D5-x
B3/C1 Impulse Wave
6 kV, 3 kA
Test Mode
Maximum Continuous
Operating Current
Maximum Continuous
Operating Voltages
Model
x = 2, 4, or 6
Terminals.
Let-Through Voltages Using ANSI/IEEE C62.45 & C62-41.1 / C62-41.2 Test Environment:
Static, positive polarity. All voltages are peak (10%).

74.  Found on long data line runs (> 75 feet)
 Problem: Normal DC signal voltage plus
induced AC voltage may exceed the
clamping threshold of the TVSS unit
 Example: MCOV is 15 Vdc, Signal voltage is
12 Vdc, Induced AC is 4 Vac.
Total signal voltage is 16 volts
Solution:
– Provide headroom when sizing
TVSS
– Use 36 volt MCOV TVSS with 12
Vdc signals on long interior runs
or all exterior runs

75. Rated Voltage MCOV
5 7.5
12 & 15 15
24 & 33 36
48 & 53 54
140 140

76. Now, which unit to use on a 12 volt circuit?
< 160 V
< 160 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
140 V
140 V
70 V
S-D140-x
< 80 V
< 80 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
54 V
54 V
70 V
S-D48-x
S-D53-x
< 40 V
< 40 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
36 V
36 V
70 V
S-D24-x
S-D33-x
< 30
< 30
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
15 V
15 V
70 V
S-D12-x
S-D15-x
< 20 V
< 20 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
7.5 V
7.5 V
70 V
S-D5-x
B3/C1 Impulse Wave
6 kV, 3 kA
Test Mode
Maximum Continuous
Operating Current
Maximum Continuous
Operating Voltages
Model
x = 2, 4, or 6
Terminals.
Let-Through Voltages Using ANSI/IEEE C62.45 & C62-41.1 / C62-41.2 Test Environment:
Static, positive polarity. All voltages are peak (10%).
< 160 V
< 160 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
140 V
140 V
70 V
S-D140-x
< 80 V
< 80 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
54 V
54 V
70 V
S-D48-x
S-D53-x
< 40 V
< 40 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
36 V
36 V
70 V
S-D24-x
S-D33-x
< 30
< 30
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
15 V
15 V
70 V
S-D12-x
S-D15-x
< 20 V
< 20 V
< 280 V
L-G
L-L
Shield-G
500 mA
7.5 V
7.5 V
70 V
S-D5-x
B3/C1 Impulse Wave
6 kV, 3 kA
Test Mode
Maximum Continuous
Operating Current
Maximum Continuous
Operating Voltages
Model
x = 2, 4, or 6
Terminals.
Let-Through Voltages Using ANSI/IEEE C62.45 & C62-41.1 / C62-41.2 Test Environment:
Static, positive polarity. All voltages are peak (10%).

77.  5 - 7 Volts DC is common
 Normally use TVSS rated at 36
VDC MCOV. Why?
 But -- always ask about the
signal voltage!
 If TVSS unit clamps the signal
voltage, no useable data flows
through the circuit!

78. 2 Mbps
10 Mbps
100 Mbps
Data rate has little impact on price.
However, due to technology
constraints in order to achieve high
data rates, the 100 Mbps unit is
less robust that the lower data rate
units.

79. Wire clamping box terminals
RJ receptacles
Punch Down Block

80. Wire clamping box terminals,
2 - 6 wires
RJ receptacles (female)
2 - 4 pins or all 8 pins protected
Punch Down Block (22 – 26 AWG)
Box terminals are simple for you.
RJ receptacles require you to know
which pin is protected, unless you
choose a model with all eight pins
protected.

81. You can order RJ TVSS units with
the following pin configurations:
• Standard Pins (1, 2, 3, & 6)
• Specify any four pins
• All eight pins protected
All eight pins protected is safe,
but costs 50% more

82. Solution:
1.Use TVSS with wire clamping
box terminals, or
2.Have client determine pins used
& provide data to you
Protect yourself – in the proposal
to your client , call out the pins
you are protecting

83. Protect yourself - tell your client about
circuit resistance to determine if it will be a
problem
The number of SPDs you can install on a circuit or
network is dependent upon the resistance of the SPD
Too much resistance can prevent data transfer
Usually not a problem with a single SPD unless the
run is long
2 and 10 MBPS SPDs have 5-Ohms resistance per wire
100 MBPS have Zero Ohms resistance
Signal amplifiers, increased wire size, or using fewer
SPDs can solve most problems

84. Recommended TVSS
After determining data rate, signal voltage, and
number of wires, choose:
◦ Any data TVSS with wire clamping box
terminals
◦ Any data TVSS with RJ Connections
◦ Punchdown Block - PDB6-D or PDB25-D (data
rate up to 2 Mbps)

85. RJ Connection

86. 1.6787"
6.603" 1.031"
2.339"
6.758"
7.257"

87. ST-SDLA1S1-FX
ST-SPT24-AC-15 ST-D15-12 (obs) ST-COAX-BNC-HP

88. ST-RJ45-33-100M

91. It is important to note that these suggestions are exactly that
– they are suggestions only. TVSS applications are an art form
at best and not an exact science. The amperage load ratings
are minimal acceptable. The suppressors are parallel devices
so the amperage load is not critical for the unit operation –
merely our ability to match the potential peak surge current
capabilities of the cable with that of the Sinetamer.
You can always use a higher amperage suggested device.
Please do not use a lower one. Eg. Using an LA-ST60 unit on a
1000 amp panel is not recommended. However you can and
may wish to install an LA-ST240 unit on a 400 amp panel in
order to provide a higher degree of protection from high
energy transients.

92.  Begin with the most critical and sensitive
equipment. Isolate that equipment from the
electrical environment by selecting the most
appropriate unit.
In any situation where the equipment is unusual
voltage or the connection type might be different
than normal – make a drawing and scan and send
to me. Ask … we may already have designed a unit.
We have thousands and thousands of units.
Never tell a customer we can not protect it. Tell
them that you will get back to them with an answer.

93.  The Ten-to-One Rule of Thumb:
◦ Ten-to-one ratio between the service size and the
peak surge current per mode of the SPD – as a
starting point
◦ One must consider the expected exposure of the
installation location (even if the panel is internal to
the facility – the loads may not be)
The SCCR Rule: The SCCR of the panel
multiplied by 1.5 + Lightning factor = PSC

94. Base Model PSC per mode PSC per phase*
ST-SSLA/ST-CSLA 30 kA 90 kA
ST-SKLA/ST-CKLA 40 kA 120 kA
ST-SDLA/ST-CDLA 60 kA 180 kA
ST-LSEA/ST-CSEA 80 kA 240 kA
ST-SMLA/ST-CMLA 100 kA 300 kA
LA-ST60 20 Ka 60 Ka
LA-ST120 40 Ka 120 Ka
LA-ST180 60 Ka 180 Ka
RM-ST40 20 kA 40 kA
RM-ST60 20 kA 40 kA
RM-ST120 40 kA 80 kA
RM-ST180 60 kA 120 kA
ST-RSE 20 kA 20 kA

96. Step 3A
Step 3B
No
Find Meter
Gather Info
Move inside
Locate main switch gear
Confirm volts & amps
No Yes
One
Switch
Locate distribution
panels, sub-panels,
breaker panels, fused
disconnects or
equipment
Confirm
configuration,
volts, & amps of
all panels &
transformers
Is panel suppression
sufficient?
Determine if equipment
needs point-of-use
protection
Dedicated
Circuit
Determine type of
equipment serviced
by panel
Multiple
Switches
Yes
No
Yes
Apply
protection
Apply
protection
Apply
protection
Apply
protection
Apply
protection

97. a
b c
i
j k l m n o p q
d e f g h r
s
t
u

98. a
b c
i
j k l m n o p q
d e f g h r
s
t
u
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD

99. To dish
Air Conditioner
120/240
1 Phase
200 A
Telephone Lines
Telephone
KSU
Modem
Security
System
VCR
Satellite
Controller
Big Screen TV
Home
Entertainment
Center
Ground
Wire
60 Amp

100. To dish
Air Conditioner
120/240
1 Phase
200 A
Telephone Lines
Telephone
KSU
Modem
Security
System
VCR
Satellite
Controller
Big Screen
TV
Home
Entertainment
Center
Ground
Wire
60 Amp
SPD
SPD
SPD

101. 120/208
2 Phase
200 A
copier Coffee
Pot
Process
PC
Printer
Input
120 V
13 A
Common
Ground
Security
System
Telephone
KSU
Common
Ground
120 V
20 A
Input Input
Input
PC
1000
Foot Run
Mini
Computer
Data Buss to
Process PC’s
Modem
Warehouse
Inventory Control
Modem
PLCPLC

102. 120/208
2 Phase
200 A
copier Coffee
Pot
Process
PC
Printer
Input
120 V
13 A
Common
Ground
Security
System
Telephone
KSU
Common
Ground
120 V
20 A
Input Input
Input
PC
1000
Foot Run
Data Buss to
Process PC’s
Modem
Warehouse
Inventory Control
Modem
PLCPLC
SPDSPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
Mini
Computer

103. Mini
Computer
Modem
Telephone
KSU
Input
Security
System
Checkout
Register
RS 232 Register
Connections
Lighting
Step Down
Transformer
HVAC
System
Payroll
Systems
Amenities
480 V
3 Phase
3000 A
Checkout
Register
120/208 V
3 Phase
1000 A
120/208 V
120/208 V
Input

104. LV
Mini
Computer
Modem
Telephone
KSU
Input
Security
System
Checkout
Register
RS 232 Register
Connections
Lighting
Step Down
Transformer
HVAC
System
Payroll
Systems
Amenities
480 V
3 Phase
3000 A
Checkout
Register
120/208 V
3 Phase
1000 A
120/208 V
120/208 V
Input
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD

105. 480 V
3
Phase
3000
A
Amenities
Apartments &
Condominiums
Professional
Offices
Restaurants
&
Snack Bars
Dry Cleaners
& Laundry
Panel 1
120/2
08 V
3
Phase
1000
A
Panel 2
Panel 3
Panel 4
Distri
butio
n
PanelStep Down
Transformer

106. Amenities
Apartments &
Condominiums
Professional
Offices
Restaurants &
Snack Bars
Dry Cleaners
& Laundry
Panel 1
120/208 V
3 Phase
1000 A
480 V
3 Phase
3000 A
Panel 2
Panel 3
Panel 4
Distribution
Panel
Step Down
Transformer
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD

107. Step Down
Transformer
Input
Process
PC
Printer
VFD
VFD
VFD
Arc
Welder
Special
Building
Controller
CNC
Control
CPU
CNC
Machine
Tool
Integrated
Process Machine
Tool & CPU
Step Down
Transformer
240 Delta
480 V
3 Phase
800 A
Junction
Box
120 V 20 A
1 Phase
480 V
3 Phase
800 A
120/240 V
3 Phase
200 A
240 Delta
120 V 15 A
480 V
3 Phase
1200 A
Amenities
Step Down
Transformer
Step Down
Transformer

108. Step Down
Transformer
Input
Process
PC
Printer
VFD
VFD
VFD
Arc
Welder
Special
Building
Controller
CNC
Control
CPU
CNC
Machine
Tool
Integrated
Process Machine
Tool & CPU
Step Down
Transformer
240 Delta
480 V
3 Phase
800 A
Junction
Box
480 V
3 Phase
800 A
120/240 V
3 Phase
200 A
240 Delta
120 V 15 A
480 V
3 Phase
1200 A
Amenities
Step Down
Transformer
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
SPD
Step Down
Transformer
SPD
SPD

109. o
a
b
j
p
q
g
r
i
h
d
e f
m
n
l
k
c

110. a
b
j
o
p
q
g
r
i
h
d
e f
m
n
l
k
c

111. SPD
SPDSPD
o
a
b
j
p
q
g
r
i
h
d
e f
m
n
l
k
c
Note: Multiple SPD/TVSS applications(s) on very long section of mains switchgear
SPD SPD
SPDSPD

112. DIST PANEL
HVAC
LIGHTING
Panel A 3 ph
277/480 2200
Amp MCB
Panel B 3 ph
277/480 1600
Amp MCB
Panel C 3 ph
277/480 1400
Amp MCB

113.  Panel A – Main Panel 2200 Amps, 277/480
volts
◦ Recommend ST-LSEA3Y2. Why? Main service, 10:1
rule = 220ka per phase minimum. Non
sensitive/critical equipment.
Panel B and C – Distribution Panel 1600 and 1400
Amps, 277/480 volts
– Recommend ST-SDLA3Y2 or LA-ST1803Y2C.
Why? 10:1 rule = 160 and 140ka per phase
minimum.

114. DIST PANEL
HVAC
LIGHTING
Panel A 3 ph
277/480 3000
Amp MCB
Panel B 3 ph
277/480 1600
Amp MCB
Panel C 3 ph
277/480 1400
Amp MCB
Panel D, E, F 3 ph
120/208 225 Amp MCB

115.  Panels D, E and F – sub distribution panel,
feeding sensitive equipment 225 Amps, 120/208
volts
◦ Recommend LA-ST603Y1C? Why? Main
Breaker rating of 225 amp, 10:1 rule does
not typically apply on panels of this nature –
under 600 amps. Frequency responsive
units are most effective at preventing
process disruption and protecting
microprocessor based equipment.

116. DIST PANEL
HVAC
LIGHTING
Panel A 3 ph
277/480 3000
Amp MCB
Panel B 3 ph
277/480 1600
Amp MCB
Panel C 3 ph
277/480 1400
Amp MCB
Panel D, E, F 3 ph
120/208 225 Amp MCB

117. Company Confidential
5 Telephone Lines and
2 – 24vdc 4/20 mA Circuits
Secondary Panel
1200 amps
120/208 wye
Service Entrance
2000 Amps
277/480 Wye
Critical Loads
240 volt PLC

118. Company Confidential
ST-PDB5 & ST-CLMF24-4
Secondary Panel
1200 amps
LA-ST120-3Y1C
Service Entrance
2400 Amps
ST-LSEA3Y2
Critical Loads
Series Filters
ST-SPT240-15

119. Company Confidential
Service Entrance
800 amps 120/208Secondary Panel
120/208 400 amps
Critical Point of Purchase
(Cash Register) 120 volts

120. Company Confidential
Service Entrance
LA-ST120-3Y1CSecondary Panel
LA-ST60-3Y1C
ST-SPT120-15

121. RM-ST403N4
ST-SPT240-15
ServoMotors – 10-25HP Drives
30 HP Motors
ST-RSE3N4

123. RM-ST120-3N4
ST-SPT240-15

125. RM-ST403N4
ST-SPT24DC-15
RM-ST60-3N4

127. ST-SPT24DC-15
ST-SPT24DC-15
ST-SPT240-15
ST-SPT120-15

128. Company Confidential
Datacom for
external signal
line
Utility Service
12.47kV
480V
ST-Advantage
Main
Distribution
Panel
AFD
ST-SPT
Motor
PLC
Motor
Motor
MCC
Production Floor
Welder
Small h.p.
Motors
Office Panel
Work
Station
PC
Copier
Printers
Lamp FaxServer
Note: all incoming data, telephone, 4-20 mA,
and signal lines require protection
LA-ST
LA-ST
120V
RM
PBX
(telephone
switch)
Data
Suppressor@
Building Entrance
ST-SPT
electronic
load
TVSS

130. PLC’s (AC and or DC) – ST-SPT120(240)-15 or
appropriate DC voltage. Or you can use the parallel
unit – ST-SP120(240)-P
Fire/Security Alarm Systems – ST-SPT unit for AC
voltage. Typically they will have a telephone line
that needs protection. So you can combine the AC
and Telecom. ST-SPT120-15-RJ. If there are signal
wires that leave that building to an outside location
– consider protecting that also. Typically the
appropriate ST-CLMF or ST-CLDIN units – finding
out the correct voltage and number of wires.
Access Control Systems – magnetic key cards or
similar type, follow same procedures as above.

131. General Recommendations
 Traffic Lights: combination unit –
ST-SPT120-15-RJ
 Slot Machines / Tragamonedas: 3 phase
panel – LA-ST60-3Y1C
 Bank ATM: ST-SPT120-15-RJ. If the data is
not telephone but data circuit, then need
data information – wires and voltage and
use ST-SPT-120-RJ45.
 Video Surveillance Systems: Protect the AC
and the cameras. Combonation units are
available. 120 AC, 24DC, Coax… Acquire
all information.

132. UPS systems – Single phase – typically 1kva up to
3kva. ST-SPT120(240)-P 120 or 240 volt installed in
parallel. Single phase - 4kva – 10kva – ST-SPT240-30
installed series or parallel.
UPS systems – Three phase – up to 150 kva – LA-ST60-
3Y1C or 3Y2C. 200 kva and larger – LA-ST120-3Y2C.
CNC Machine tools – RM-ST60-3N2 (3N4) (or RM-
ST120) installed at main breaker. ST-SPT120(240)-15 at
the controller.
Variable Frequency Drives in areas of low lightning
VFD – up to 75 hp – ST-RSE3N4 or RM-ST603N4
VFD – up to 150 hp – RM-ST60-3N4
VFD – up to 250 hp – RM-ST120-3N4
VFD – up to 400 hp – RM-ST180-3N4
* with ST-SPT120 when PLC is used.
General Recommendations

133. General Recommendations
For VFD’s in High Lightning or Oil Field applications:
Level 1 - ST-SMLA3N4
Level 2 – RM-ST180-3N4 (if no added capacitors in VFD)
Level 3 – ST-SPT120(240) -15 at RTU/PLC/ICM
For VFD’s in Low/Mid Lightning
Level 1 – ST-LSEA3N4
Level 2 - RM-ST120-3N4 (if no added capacitors in VFD)
Level 3 - ST-SPT120(240) -15 at RTU/PLC/ICM

134.  Motor
 1P 240 VAC 1½ HP
 10 A
 Inside application
 Very tight quarters
ST-FSPT-240-15
ST-FSP-240-P

135.  Variable frequency drive
 50 HP, 460NN
 65 A
 Indoor application
• ST-RSE3N4
• RM-ST40-3N4

136.  Gas Pump
 120 VAC
 20 A
 RJ45 Ethernet Communication
• ST-SPT120-30-RJ45
• ST-ICPS120-20 + ST-RJ45-24-Cat5E

137.  Pump Motor in Rock Mine
 4160 VAC Delta
 200 A
• ST-LSEA-MV3N4160

138.  Pick and Place Machine for PCB Assembly
 120/208 Wye
 40 A
• RM-ST403Y1
• LA-ST603Y1C

139.  OEM Application for Drink Machines
 120 V 1P
 15 A
• ST-SPT120-15
• ST-FSPT120-15
• ST-L120-P-1L

140.  Automated Checkout and Laser Scanner
at large department store.
 120 V, 1P
 15 A
 RJ45 Ethernet communication
• ST-SPT120-15-RJ45

141.  Water Pump for a large nursery
 15 HP
 120/208 V Wye
 46 A
 Outdoor Application
• RM-ST603Y1

142.  Control Servos (multiple)
 DIN rail mount (need small footprint)
 48 VDC
 1 A
• ST-ICPS-48DC-3-DIN
• ST-ICPF-48DC-3-DIN

143.  New construction in factory
 Multiple Variable Frequency Drives (24 units –
4 circuits )
 480 VAC 3PH DELTA
 75 A
• Level 1 – RM-ST120-3N4
• Level 2 - ST-RSE3N4 at the breaker
location of each set of 6 VFD’s

144.  MRI Machine in Hospital
 120/208 V Wye
 200 A
 Need very tight clamping
• ST-CKLA3Y1 (Best)
• LA-ST60-3Y1C (Better)
• RM-ST40-3Y1 (Good)

145.  Cell Shelter
 1Ph 120/240
 150 amps
• Level 1 – RM-ST180-1S1
• Level 2 - RM-ST60-1S1

146.  Ball Park Lighting
 480 V Delta
 40 A
 Multiple circuits plus parking lot
lighting
• Circuit Board - RM-ST403N4
• Parking Lot Lights - ST-FSP2-2N4-P

147.  Coal Conveyer Belt Drive for power
plant
 50 HP
 480 V Delta
 65 A
 Outside, corrosive environment
• RM-ST120-3N4W

148. Remember… this is not an exact
science, it is an art-form, and the only
wrong answer is the wrong voltage.