The purpose is to analyze the characters in the play. Theories that used are textual, contextual, and hypertextual by close viewing method. The writer contends that the characters in this play have archetypes which are shadow, persona, anima/animus, and self. In conclusion, there are different archetypes that can be found in the characters of this play.

1. by Clara Ariski Paramitha

2. Abstract
In this paper the author would like to analyze “Overtones” by Alice
Gerstenberg. The purpose is to analyze the characters in the play.
Theories that used are textual, contextual, and hypertextual by close
viewing method. The writer contends that the characters in this play
have archetypes which are shadow, persona, anima/animus, and self.
In conclusion, there are different archetypes that can be found in the
characters of this play.
Keywords: Shadow, Persona, Anima/Animus, Self

3. Introduction
The writer uses Alice Gerstenberg
Overtones to be analyzed because the
character gives us an insight of the Jungian
theory influence that began to grow in that
era. Alice Gerstenberg's Overtones is the
earliest play that implement the unconscious
theory. She uses two person, one as the
conscious and the other is unconscious to
represents single character. The unconscious
become primitive side and the conscious
become refined side.

4. Theory and Methodology
Character
(1970:84) “It is a brief descripive sketch of a Personage who typifies
some definite quality. The person is described not as an
individualized personality but as an example of some vice or virtue
or type”.
Shadow
(1970:184) “The symbols of the self arise in the depths of the body
and they express its materiality every bit as much as the structure of
the perceiving consciousness”.
Persona
(1970:31) “... the face we never show to the world because we cover
it with the persona, the mask of the actor. But the mirror lies behind
the mask and shows the true face.”

5. Theory and Methodology
Anima/animus
(1970:135) “...the anima is fickle, capricious, moody,
uncontrolled and emotional, sometimes gifted with daemonic
intuitions, ruthless, malicious, untruthful, bitchy, double-faced,
and mystical. The animus is obstinate, harping on principles,
laying down the law, dogmatic, world-reforming, theoretic,
word-mongering, argumentative, and domineering”.
Self
(1970:182) “The self, regarded as the counter-pole of the
world, its "absolutely other," is the sine qua non of all
empirical knowledge and consciousness of subject and
object”.

6. Theory and Methodology
We will find out the playwright’s objective in writing
the play from intrinsics and extrinsics elements
that used with steps that are undertaken
methodically.
1. Analyzing the short film by close viewing the
play Overtones.
2. Analyzing the character in the play.
3. Analyzing archetypes of characters.

7. Reseach Object
The objects of research are sorted into a
material and formal object. Material object
in this study is short film Overtones by
Alice Gerstenberg. Formal object of this
research is the archetypes of characters.

8. Biography of Alice Gerstenberg
Alice Gerstenberg (1885-1972) was
educated at Kirkland School and then spent her
college years in Bryn Mawr, while she began writing
plays and performing in college theatrical
productions. Her teacher, Morgan, encouraged
Gerstenberg to write some one-act plays and the
four resulting plays were published later that year in
a volume entitled A Little World. Gerstenberg
continued her writing career and had some
moderate success in 1912. In 1921 she co-founded
the Chicago Junior League Theater, a group that
sponsored plays for children, and in 1922 she
founded the Playwright's Theater, a group
dedicated to providing opportunities for local artists
to develop and present their work. She ran the
Playwright's Theater until 1945. In 1938 she
received the Chicago Foundation for Literature
Award.

9. Play’s Summary
Harriet is preparing for Mrs. Margaret Caldwell, whom she has invited to
tea. She have her primitive "inner self," Hetty, to converse with. Harriet
and Hetty acknowledge that they are very different parts of the same
person, though Harriet refuses to admit that Hetty is also the wife of
Charles Goodrich. Harriet insist that she alone is Charles's wife because it
is she who manipulates him through her personality. The conversation
turns to the past’s dilema, Hetty's upset because she had not having
married John Caldwell when she had the opportunity. Harriet reminds her
that John has an uncertain future because of his desire to be a painter.
Hetty then begins to coach Harriet on what she must say and do when
John's wife Margaret arrives.

10. Overtones

11. Discussion
Shadow
Based on Jungian archetypes, shadow is the negative side that is repressed. In this play,
Hetty’s opinion and need have never been materialized into life.
HETTY: I hate her.
Hetty stated that she hates Margaret, yet Harriet never expressed that feeling verbally.
HETTY: [in anguish]. Don't call me happy. I've never been happy since I gave up John. All these years
without him -- a future without him -- no -- no -- I shall win him back -- away from you -- away from
you –
Hetty clearly admits that she have never been happy since her failure in marrying John, this
dissapoinment never been acknowledged by Harriet and deflected with her logical reason that John
is economically unstable as a painter and she is well off with her current husband.

12. Discussion
Persona
Harriet and Hetty as one character shows that Harriet taking the place for the
persona or the conscious self, image of them that depicted into the world after filtered
by Harriet.
HARRIET: I can't let her see that.
After Hetty stated that she hates Maggie, Harriet decides that she can not show
that feeling, this means she tries to maintain her image, in consideration that she will
be seen as spiteful person if she relayed what Hetty said. Harriet is trying to be the
society wants her to be and hides her dilema.

13. Discussion
Animus
The male impulses are shared between Harriet and Hetty.
Harried has the logical thinking and Hetty has the animalistic,
aggresive, and dominating impulses.
HARRIET: I resent your appropriation of a man who is managed only
through the cleverness of my artifice.
It is clear that Harriet become the decision maker for character
that they will depict in the world. She is maintaining Hetty’s rash
and emotional judgement with her sensible reason.

14. Discussion
Animus
HARRIET: [beginning to feel the strength of HETTY'S emotion surge through her and
trying to conquer it] It is not my business to have heartaches.
When Hetty has the dominating side, Harriet become the complement, the
submissive. In some lines and in her expression, she is afraid of Hetty, admitting
that she is overwhelmed with Hetty’s presence, yet she can not fight or get away.
HETTY: Are you going to quarrel with me?
HETTY: [towering over HARRIET] He isn't! I'll kill you!
As mentioned above, Hetty is aggresive and dominating. In this play, she
gives advice for Harriet constantly and shows her tendency to dominate.

15. Conclusion
“Overtones” a play by Alice Gerstenberg depicts
Jungian major archetypes which are shadow, persona,
animus and self. Those archetypes are the foundation
of the human psyche, so the play becomes relatable to
the audience. The characters in this play successfully
get in touch with their shadow and animus by
acknowledging its existence in order to get in touch
with the Self.

16. References
http://www.bookrags.com/studyguide-
overtones/bio.html#gsc.tab=0 (15 May 2016)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9F3FHBsdsNA (15 May
2016)
http://www.sigmundfreud.net/the-ego-and-the-id-pdf-ebook.jsp
(15 May 2016)
http://www2.anglistik.uni-
freiburg.de/intranet/englishbasics/PDF/Drama.pdf (15 May
2016)
http://www.woodsidehs.org/uploadedFiles/file_1937.pdf (15 May
2016)
http://changingminds.org/explanations/identity/jung_archetypes.h
tm#sha
Jung, C. G. 1970. The Collected Works Of C. G. Jung. London:
Routledge and Kegan Paul.