Next Step for 4G/5G Mobile Networks and the Impact on Enterprise Networks

1. Thierry Couture, tcouture@cisco.com
Nov 20th, 2018
Network Slicing: Horizontal Virtualization
the Next Step for 4G/5G Mobile Networks and the Impact on Enterprise Networks

2. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
5G | Delivering
Consumer and
Enterprise Immersive
User Experiences
Agenda
Mobile Operator Challenges
5G – Evolution Update
Virtualization Evolution
Network Slicing, a new approach
4G | Delivering
Consumer Connectivity
Network Slicing, a bit more detail
Network Slicing, Initialization & Registration
Network Slicing, Summary

3. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Mobile Operator Challenges

4. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Mobile Operator Revenue Growth Opportunities
Core
$
Automotive Healthcare
Transport
Utilities
Consumer
Today
Operator business mostly focused on
the saturated consumer market
Source: European Commission Report, 2016
Core
$
Automotive
Healthcare
Transport
Utilities
Consumer
2025
Vertically targeted services will
accelerate operator business
growth
Video drives traffic…
but not revenue
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
ExabytesperMonth
Mobile File Sharing (1%, 2%)
Mobile Audio (8%, 6%)
Mobile Web/Data/VoIP
(36%, 17%)
Mobile Video (55%, 75%)
53% CAGR 2015-2020

5. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Service & Network Evolution
Enhanced Mobile Broadband
1000x BW, 10-100x
End User Speed
Ultra Reliable Low Latency
Communication
~1ms Latency
Massive MachineType Communications
1000x Density
10 - 100M lines of code and
hundreds of subsystems
Vehicle updates, telematics, and
infotainment
Secure Remote Car
Software Update
Police, fire, hospitals with strict
SLAs and Security
CSP hosted Network
Slicing
for Public Sector Private
Networks Smart-sensor enabled
Waste and recycling,, parking,
smart grid, homes
Smart City
Enablement
Augmented, virtual, and
mixed reality for learning,
gaming, 4K/8K
Video enablement required
Augmented / Virtual
Reality Delivery
Increased Bandwidth
and Capacity
Slicing, Flexible
deployment,
NFV/Virtualization
Push data plane to the edge
(MEC) - Micro Datacenters

6. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Secure Network ・ Secure Cloud ・ Secure Enterprise
Converged
Core
Network
Slicing
Service
Automation
Edge
Distribution
Virtual
Scaling
Security Services
Cisco 5G Definition
Redefining the Network End-to-End

7. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
A Use-Case driven 5G experience
M.2083-02
Gigabytes in a second
Smart home/building
Voice
Smart city
3D video, UHD screens
Work and play in the cloud
Augmented reality
Industry automation
Mission critical application
Self driving car
Massive machine type
communications
Ultra-reliable and low latency
communications
Enhanced mobile broadband
Future IMT
Source: ITU-R M.2083-0

8. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
5G Service Requirements
Multi-Faceted and Conflicting

9. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
5G Adoption TimelinesFactorsImpacting
5GAdoption
2017
3GPP R15
5G NR anchored on
enhanced LTE/EPC
2018 2019 2020 2021
Winter
Olympics
FIFA
World Cup
Summer
Olympics
3GPP R16
Fixed Mobile
Convergence
Extreme Rural
Inter-access Steering
3GPP R15 (con’d)
Final 5G NR (inc. FWA)
5G Core Network
IMT-2020
5G Specification
Spectrum
Fiber
Government
Policy
Optics
5G
Standards
Automation
Organization
4G Cycle Virtualization
/Cloud
Services
Business CaseNetwork
Transformation

10. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
5G Enabling Technologies
Enterprise/IoT
Streaming
Cam Core NW
MBB Core
Network Slicing
Fronthaul
C-RAN
Backhaul
vCore
WAN
Controller
Enterprise
Cloud Scale Networking with Cloud RAN / SD-WAN
vCore
User
plane
Managed
Video
MEC
C-RAN
BackhaulFronthaul
vCore
Control plane
Mobile network to scale with video using MEC
xHaul
vCore
User plane
Enterprise
vCore
User plane
vCore
Control plane
Internet
• Charging and Policy
• Authentication and Security
• Legal Intercept
CUPS : Control/User Plane Separation
xHaul

11. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
3GPP 5G system service-based architecture
(non-roaming)
Access/
mobility mgmt
(AMF)
Session
management
(SMF)
Policy control
function (PCF)
User plane
functions
(UPF)
Authentication
Server function
(AUSF)
Unified Data
Management
(UDM)
Application
function (AF)
(Radio) Access
Network
Data networks
(DN)
UE
Control
Data
N1
N2 N4
Nnssf
N9
N3 N6
Network Slice
Selection
Function
(NSSF)
Source: 3GPP 23.501 (2018-03)
Network
Exposure
Function (NEF)
NF Repository
Function
(NRF)
Nausf
Namf Nsmf Npcf Naf
NnrfNnefNudm

12. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Virtualization Evolution

13. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
So…… Virtualization…..
• The abstraction of physical components using logical objects.
• Dynamically binding logical objects to physical configurations.

14. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Pretty Sheetmetal
Virtualization, migration from Appliance
• In the networking world, we are used to
purpose-build appliances with custom
ASIC’s and FPGA’s to:
• Drive Performance
• More Performance
• Ultimate Performance
• Problem is, some consider this to be
“closed”, inflexible, and not
“programmable”.
Hardware (Custom)
CPU Mem NIC Disk
Guest OS (IOS)
BGP OSPF

15. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Standard Server
Virtualization, migration to x86 Server
Using hypervisor
• Now, with the march towards using X86
based compute environment, we are now
virtualizing Networking Elements to
• Flexibility, cost reduction
• More More Flexibility, more cost reduction
• Oh, and we’d like some Performance
• We can now automate this, it’s all S/W.
• We can manage / move workloads.
• Question: will you get the same resources
as in the case of a dedicated approach?
• Question: for high TPUT based NE’s, what
to do?
Hardware (Custom)
CPU Mem NIC Disk
Guest OS (IOS)
BGP OSPF
Guest OS (StarOS)
SGW PGW
Hypervisor
Virtual Machine Virtual Machine

16. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Standard Server
Virtualization, migration to MicroServices
Using Containers
• Can we push virtualization to have greater
granularity? Yes we can…
• Now we can create “Containers” to only support
specific services: MicroServices
• Now we can in S/W add, delete update
MicroServices
• These MicroServices can have different OS,
versions to work together…
• We can Automate this even further,
heaven for those who like to drive this via
S/W…!
• Since a lot of IaaS folks don’t provide
access to Bare Metal, they insist to
“wedge” a layer between the containers
and Bare Metal.
Hardware (Custom)
CPU Mem NIC Disk
Hypervisor
Virtual Machine
Containe
r
Guest OS
Ultra
PGW
OS
Containe
r
Containe
r
Guest OS
(IOS)
BGP
Java
ubuntu
Web-App

17. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Virtualization of the WAN: migration to the cloud
Application quality of experience
Secure branch to cloud connectivity
protects data in motion
IaaS/SaaS
Data
Center
Small Office
Home Office
CampusBranch
Cloud
Applications
Secure
SD-WAN
Fabric
Cloud
Providers
Agile workflows simplifies extending
the enterprise to IaaS or SaaS
Analytics determines the optimal path
for the best application experience

18. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Virtualization of WAN: SD-WAN solutions
Transport independence using programmable VPN
Leverage internet for public cloud and
Internet access
Secure VPN overlay for private and
virtual public cloud access
3G/4G-LTE
Branch
Private Cloud
Colocation
Public Cloud
MPLS
Internet
Seamless extension to the cloud enables
business policy to follow workloads
No interaction with underlying QoS
No clean way to “request”, “change” resources

19. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slicing
a new approach
Banana Slicer!

20. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slicing is fundamentally
an end-to-end partitioning of
the network resources and
network functions so that
selected applications/services/
connections may run in
isolation from each other and
for a Specific Business
Purpose

21. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
End-to-end network slicing
Animation!
AMF
SMF
AMF
SMF
UPF
UPF
UPF
PCF
NSSF UDM NRF
Access Transport Core
SMF
PCF
IPS/IDS
1
2
3
4
Slice #1
Slice #2
Slice #3

22. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
 Network slicing: virtually
independent business
operations on a common
physical infrastructure
 Three essential
components:
• Control points in the user
plane for steering
• Policy enablement: the
traffic flow path selection
can be controlled by policy
dip
• Multi-tenant IaaS +
orchestration
Reviewing the Basics of Network Slicing
Sub
DB
Virtualization CPU
Slice
Selection
MBB Core
Network
Streaming
Camera CN
IoT Core
Network
Network
Slice
Selection
Function
Policy

23. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
 Complexity in the core
• Each node carries 1,000’s of
legacy tariffs, corporates,
PMBs, M2Ms, and associated
network configurations
 Multi-RAT RAN
• Programmability in the radio
• NB-IoT, URLLC, …
 Problem
• Service introductions or
modifications can incur
significant legacy regression
testing impacting Time-to-
Market
Today’s complex networks
“Zero defects” policy implies reducing change. So
how can a network be innovative and agile ?
PCRF
SGWSGWSGWSGWSGWSGWSGWSGW
PCRFPCRF
PDN-GW
SGWSGWSGWSGWGi-LAN
SGWSGWSGWSGWOSS
MMERAN CP
HSS

24. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
 Each separable business
operations can be more efficiently
run on a network slice
 Orchestration manages the
complexity driven by the number
of slices
• MANO for every slice
 New service introductions can
have a significant reduction in
regression testing cycles
• Easier to debug configs limit
“collateral damage”
• Isolation effects of rogue
applications (E.g. M2M)
• Smaller failure groups imply no
single “too big to fail” node
5G Sliced Network: Introduces Order
MME
SGW PDN-GW Gi-LAN
OSSPCRF
MME
SGW PDN-GW Gi-LAN
OSSPCRF
Virtualization CPU
Orchestration
RAN CP HSS
MME
SGW PDN-GW Gi-LAN
OSSPCRF

25. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Introducing Hierarchy and Information Hiding
Slice-aaS: Multitenancy and Orchestration
Network Slicing has implications for the virtualization architecture. “Slicing” may
actually simplify as operators and vendors can focus attention on validated
solution designs “within” a slice which can be separately procured

26. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
IoT Taxonomy for Wireless Use Cases in SP Market
Radio
CDP
3GPP
Access
Access &
Operator
Partners
Connected
Device Platform
Enterprise
Wireless
Things
WAN
Non-3GPP
Access
WAN
Application Enablement
Platform
Application Enablement
Platform
Application Enablement
Platform
FOG Access
Remote
Location
FoG AEP
Horizontals include the CDP and AEP. The AEP also has a FoG component.
Parking
Lights
Proximity
Gate Sensors
GreenP
Waze
CP24.com
Security

27. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
 Massive IoT and Network
Slicing go hand-in-hand
 Network slicing solves the
problem of directing traffic
from enterprise-owned
devices to the enterprises
themselves
 Via policy interaction, a
virtualized packet
core/service core can
• Steer enterprise traffic to
the appropriate set of
enterprise connectivity
functions
• Apply services as needed
Massive IoT and Network Slicing
Internet
Sub-Network
Slice
Selection
Function
Presentation
CDP
Presentation
CDP
Presentation
CDP
Presentation
CDP
CN Slice for IoT
IoT
RAN
Policy SPR
IoT
Core
Network slicing (subnetwork slices) applied to enabling massive IoT

28. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
What does this all mean?
From the Point of View of the User
My Smartphone has 2
secure personalities,
one for my work and
one for my personal
use.
Mobile
Broadband

29. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
What does this all mean?
From the Point of View of the Enterprise IT Manager
I can provide security,
perform MDM, ensure
corporate compliance,
distribute applications and
be ensured the device is
on “my” network

30. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
What does this all mean?
From the Point of View of the Mobile Operator
I offer multiple slices
(Slice aaS) on a
common
Infrastructure
Mobile
Broadband

31. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slicing
a bit more detail…

32. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Cisco 5G Network Architecture: A Synthesis View
NG RAN
NRs
LTE-AP
Wi-Fi
Slice
Selection
NG C-Plane
Function
NG-X
NG Policy
Control
Charging/
Billing
NG-Gx
NG-CH
NG Subscriber
Data Management
12
A
B
C
3
D
E
F
4
G
H
I
5
J
K
L
6
M
N
O
7
P
Q
R
S
8
T
U
V
9
W
X
Y
Z
*0#
Signal
Str ength
Residential
Access
NG U-Plane
Function(s)Hot Spot
Things
NG-6a/p
NG-Gi
Service
Capability
Exposure
IP Services
VAS VAS
Virtualization CPU
E2E Orchestration
Other
HetNet RAN
& cRAN
Network Slice
Selection
Function
NG Lawful
Intercept
NB-IoT SDN
Logical Network
Slicing Functions
E2E Network slicing
Open virtualized
RAN
Network as fabric (Programming multi-location NFVI with transport)

33. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Concepts of network slice
Network Slice Completeness
Network Slice Components
Resources Used By Network Slice
Network Slice Template
Policies and Configurations
Isolation of Network Slices

34. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Slicing in access network (non-mobile)
Fixed Broadband
• IP QoS
• MPLS VPN
• Offloading only
Wi-Fi
• Comprehensive queue management
• Resource allocation
• Offloading only
4G /5G Small Cell
• Backhaul resource management
• Radio access control
• Scheduler resourcing

35. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Slicing in access network (mobile)
SDAP
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
RRC/NAS
PDCP
RLC
MAC
PHY
User Plane Control Plane
Slicing Depth
{
• RAT type
• UE-aware slice ID
• Admission control
• Resource management
RAN Protocol Stack

36. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Slicing in transport network (Cont’d)
Slice A (VPN A)
Slice B (VPN B)
Slice C (VPN C)
Traffic isolation:
Grouping similar or
relevant traffic to
different MPLS
VPNs
Low-delay path:
Segment routing head-
end computes a SID-list
of the shortest-path
according to delay
Bandwidth
Optimization: Segment
routing traffic
engineering can find best
path to meet bandwidth
requirements

37. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Slicing in core network
• Network Slice in core identified by S-NSSAI and NSSAI
• Single Network Slice Selection Assistance information (S-NSSAI) has slice
type and slice differentiator information
• Network Slice Selection Assistance information (NSSAI) is a collection of
S-NSSAIs that a UE can access
• RAN selects AMF based on one of these:
• UE registered NSSAI
• PLMN allowed NSSAI
• DefaultAMF without NSSAI
• First AMF can relocate UE to another AMF after interaction with
Network Slice Selection Function (NSSF) in the core
UPF
AMF
PCF
NRF
SMF
SMF
UPF
AMF NRFPCF
SMFUPF AF
Slice #1
Slice #2
Slice #3
Common NFs used by two slices
PCF
Default AMF
CUPS UPF
NSSFUDM
RAN
Slice Selection

38. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Slicing in core network – Cont’d
UPF
AMF
PCF
NRF
SMF
SMF
UPF
AMF NRFPCF
SMFUPF AF
Slice #1
Slice #2
Slice #3
Common NFs used by two slices
PCF
Default AMF
CUPS UPF
NSSFUDM
RAN
Slice #3 Data Traffic
Slice Selection
1
2
3

39. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network slice implementation example
Slice Consumer Slice Provider
Vertical Network Slice
Business
Requirements
Slice
Design
Slice
Life-cycle
Management
Slice
Consumption
KPI
SLA
Perf.
Monitoring
Resource
Inventory
Service
Assurance
Config
Managemt
Network Slice
Management System
• Configure
• Re-configure
• Optimize
• Healing
• Instantiate
• Activate
• De-activate
• Terminate

40. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slice Orchestration Framework
Automation and
orchestrator
Network slice
Service
Infrastructure resources
1
2 5
Service
assurance
Incident
management
Assurance
platform
Virtualized
packet core
Transport
(IOS-XRv L3VPN, segment
routing)
Security
(vASA)
Automation
Testing
Workflow
manager
Lifecycle
management
3
4
Provisioning Operations
Service request, fulfillment, and assurance portal
Automation
/orchestrator
Network slice
Service
Infrastructure resources
1
2 5
Service
assurance
Incident
management
Virtualized
packet core
Transport
(IOS-XRv L3VPN, segment
routing)
Security
(vASA)
Automation
Testing
Network Slice
Catalog
Lifecycle
management
3
4
Provisioning
BackendsystemUserinterface
Assurance
platformOperations

41. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slice Use Case 1
Connected automobile
User Plane
Function
Edge D/C
Core Network
Main D/C
Control Center
Service provider
Edge Slice
Benefits:
• Smart Navigation
• C2C Communications
• Driverless car
• Vehicle monitoring
• Safety monitoring
• In-car entertainment
• Location service (park, gas, charging)

42. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slice Use Case 2
Enterprise networking service
Core Network
Main D/C
UPF Ent1
UPF Ent2
Router Ent1
Router Ent2
Enterprise 1 Slice
Enterprise 2 Slice
Benefits:
• B2B connectivity
• SLA
• Customized security/encryption
• Shared infrastructure
• Faster provision/de-commission

43. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slice Use Case 3
Massive IoT
Benefits:
• RAT type separation
• Customized scale
• Cost-efficiency
C-SGN
WNC/EPC
SCEF
IoT AS
IoT AS
OTT IoT Slice
NB-IoT Slice

44. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slicing
Initialization & Registration

45. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Slices are logically separated core-networks
3GPP Network Slicing Overview
Access Network
AMF
NRF PCF
UPF
AMF
NRFPCF
SMF PCF
UPF
PCF
UPF
NSSF NRF
Delphi-
IoT
Merc-
IoT
Slice #1
Slice #2
Slice #3
Slice #2, #3 Common
Youtube
Delphi
Diag
Merc
EngH
Core Network
SMF
Internet
SMF
UDM

46. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Slice Topology and Slice IDs
AMF
SMF
NRF
PCF
AMF
NRF
PCF SMF
UPF
DelphiD
Merc_IoT
IoTeMBB
Slice IoT-Delphi
Slice IoT-Merc
gNB gNB gNB
Merc
EngH
Delphi
Diag
Mehmet
C300-CA4567
Slice Smartphone
PCF
PCF
InternetUPF
SMF
UPF
IMS
UPF
SMF
Youtube
Volte
PCF
PCF
1
3m
3d
Slice IDs
AMF
Slice Type Slice Differentiator
1 byte 3 bytes
Slice Type Slice Type Value
eMBB 1
URLLC 2
mIoT 3
Slice ID
Slide ID = S-NSSAI
Slide ID Set = NSSAI
S-NSSAI: Single Network Slice Selection Information

47. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Slice Topology
AMF
NRF
mPCF SMF
UPF
DelphiD
Merc_IoT
IoT
Slice IoT-Delphi
Slice IoT-Merc
gNB gNB gNB
Merc
EngH
Delphi
Diag
Mehmet
C300-CA4567
sPCF
sPCF
UPF
SMF
Youtube
Volte
1
3m
3d
Slice ID. DNN
Mehmet
Slice 1
Internet
IMS
Emergency
C300-CA4567
Slice 3m
Merc_IoT
Slice 3d
DelphiD
UDM Phone
Slice ID DNN
Mehmet
Slice 1
Internet
IMS
Emergency
Subscribed Slice IDs
Configured Slice IDs
Slice ID. DNN
C300-CA4567
Slice 3m
Merc_IoT
Slice 3d
DelphiD
AMF
SMF
NRF
PCF
eMBB
Slice Smartphone
InternetUPF
SMF
UPF
IMS
PCF
PCF
AMF
UDM

48. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Binding Application to Slice
Merc
EngH
Delphi
Diiag
C300 – CA4567
Phone
Slice ID DNN
Slice 3m
Merc_IoT
Slice 3d
DelphiD
Configured Slice IDs
App. Slide ID, DNN
Merc_EngH: Rule Precedence 1
Slice 3m
DNN: Merc_IoT
DelphiDiag: Rule Precedence 3
Slice 3d
DNN: DelphiD
*: Rule Precedence 15
Slice 3m
DNN: Merc_IoT
Application
Slice ID, DNN
PDU
Session
UE Route Selection Policy (Configured)

49. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Call Flow: Initialization
AMFAMFNRF
Internet
PCF-a IMS
gNB
IoTeMBB
Region X
1
gNB gNB
AMF
NRF
PCF-b
DelphiD
Merc_IoT
Slice IoT-Delphi
Slice IoT-Merc
3m
3d
Phone
Slice ID DNN
Slice 3m
Merc_IoT
Slice 3d
DelphiD
App. Slice ID, DNN
Merc_EngH: Rule Precedence 1
Slice 3m
DNN: Merc_IoT
DelphiD: Rule Precedence 3
Slice 3d
DNN: DelphiD
*: Rule Precedence 15
Slice 3m
DNN: Merc_IoT
PCF-b
UE Route Selection Policy
Xa1 Xa2
Xm1
0b. NGAP Setup
(Xa1,Slices{1})
0b. NGAP Setup
(Xm1,Slices {3d,3m})
0c. Nnrf Register (SMF_B, Slices {1}, DNN {Internet})
0c. Nnrf Register (SMF_A, Slices {1}, DNN {IMS, Emergency})
0c. Nnrf Register (SMF_D, Slices {3d}, DNN{DephiD})
0c. Nnrf Register (SMF_C, Slices {3m}, DNN(Merc_IoT})
0d. Nnrf Register (PCF-b, Slices {3d.3m},
0d. Nnrf Register (PCF_C, Slices {3m}, DNN {Merc_IoT})
0d. Nnrf Register (PCF_D, Slices {3d}, DNN {Delphi})
0d. Nnrf Register (PCF-a, Slices {1}),
0d. Nnrf Register (PCF_A, Slices {1}, DNN {IMS, Emergency})
0d. Nnrf Register (PCF_B, Slices {1}, DNN {Internet})
0b. Default AMF(Xa1)
Slice ID DNN
C300-CA4567
Slice 3m
Merc_IoT
Slice 3d
DelphiD
UDM
0a. All NFs are configured with address of NRF to contact
Merc
EngH
Delphi
Diag
C300-CA4567
Slice 1 -> AMF_Xax
Slice 3d -> AMF_Xm1
Slice 3m -> AMF_Xm1
0b. NGAP Setup
(Xa2,Slices{1})
SMF_A
UPF
SMF_B
UPF
PCF_A PCF_B
SMF_D
UPF
PCF_D
PCF_
C
UPF
SMF_C

50. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Call Flow: Registration
gNB
IoT
Region X
gNB gNB
AMF
NRF
PCF
Slice IoT-Delphi
Slice IoT-Merc
3m
3d
Xm1
1a.RRC Conn Setup Complete (Slices{3m,3d})
NAS: Registration Request(Requested Slices{3m,3d})
UDM
1a. Registration Request(Requested Slices{3m,3d})
2. Nudm_SDM_Get Resp (Subscribed Slices (3m,3d))
3. Registration Accept (5G-GUTI (Xm1 | mTMSI), Allowed Slide ID Set (3m, 3d), URSP)
3. Npcf_SDM_Get Resp (URSP)
App. Slice ID, DNN
Merc_EngH: Rule Precedence 1
Slice 3m
DNN: Merc_InCar
DelphiD: Rule Precedence 3
Slice 3d
DNN: DelphiD
*: Rule Precedence 15
Slice 3m
DNN: Merc_IoT
UE Route Selection Policy
Merc
EngH
Delphi
Diag
C300-CA4567
Slice 0 -> AMF_Xa1, AMF_Xa2
Slice 3d -> AMF_Xm1
Slice 3m -> AMF_Xm1
Default AMF: AMF_Xa1
5G-GUTI = Xm1 | mTMSI
Allowed Slices {3m,3d}
AMF
SMF
NRF
PCF
eMBB
Slice Smartphone
InternetUPF
SMF
UPF
IMS
PCF
PCF
AMF
DelphiD
Merc_IoT
SMF_D
UPF
PCF_D
PCF_
C
UPF
SMF_C
Phone
Slice ID DNN
Slice 3m
Merc_IoT
Slice 3d
DelphiD

51. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Call Flow: PDU Session Establishment
gNB
IoT
Region X
gNB gNB
Merc_IoT
AMF
NRF
PCF SMF-D
SMF_C
PCF_C
DelphiD
Slice IoT-Delphi
Slice IoT-Merc
Merc
EngH
Delphi
Diag
C300-CA4567
3m
3d
Xm1
1. MM: Initial Request, PDU SID, Slice=3d, DNN=DelphiD,
SM: PDU Session Establishment Request (PDU SID,
Slice=3d,DNN=DelphiD)
UDM
App. Slice, DNN
Merc_EngH: Rule Precedence 1
Slice 3m
DNN: Merc_InCar
DelphiDiag: Rule Precedence 3
Slice 3d
DNN: DelphiD
*: Rule Precedence 15
Slice 3m
DNN: Merc_IoT
UE Route Selection Policy
2a. Nnrf_NFDiscoveryRequest(SMF, Slice = 3d, DNN = DelphiD)
2b. Nnrf_NFDiscoveryResp (SMF-D)
3. PDU Session Establishment Request (PDU SID, Slice = 3d,DNN = DelphiD)
7a. PDU Session Establishment Response (IP@)
E-RAB Setup request (Slice=3d, UPF TEID)
4. Nudm_SDM_Get response (Subscription for DNN = DelphiD)
6. Npcf_SM_PolicyGet response (PCC rules for DNN = DelphiD)
5G-GUTI = Xm1 | mTMSI
Allowed Slices {3m,3d}
AMF
SMF
NRF
PCF
eMBB
Slice Smartphone
InternetUPF
SMF
UPF
IMS
PCF
PCF
AMF
5a. Nnrf_NFDiscoveryRequest(PCF, Slice = 3d, DNN = DelphiD)
5b. Nnrf_NFDiscoveryResp (PCF-D)
UPF
PCF_D
7b. PDU Session Establishment Response (IP@)

52. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Handling Roaming
AMF
NRF
PCF
DelphiD
Merc_IoT
IoT
Slice IoT
gNB gNB gNB
Merc
EngH
Delphi
Diag
C300-CA4567
vSMF
3m
3d
Slice ID. DNN
C300-CA4567
Slice 3m
Merc_IoT
Slice 3d
DelphiD
UDM
Phone
Subscribed Slice IDs Configured Slice IDs
Slice ID. DNN
C300-CA4567
Slice 3m
Merc_IoT
Slice 3d
DelphiD
hSMF
hSMF
Slice IoT-Delphi
Slice IoT-Merc
PCF
3
PCF
UPF
UPF
UPF
SaskTel - HPLMNBell - VPLMN
SaskTel
Slice 3
Merc IoT
DelhiD
3m -> 3
3d -> 3
Bell
1a.RRC Conn Setup Complete (Slices{3,3})
NAS: Registration Request (Requested Slices{3, 3->3m}, {3,3->3d})
1b. Registration Request(Requested Slices{3, 3->3m}, {3,3->3d})
3. Registration Accept (5G-GUTI (Xm1| mTMSI),
Allowed Slide ID Set {3, 3->3m}, {3,3->3d}), URSP)
4. MM: Initial Request, PDU SID, Slice=3, 3-> 3m, DNN=DelphiD,
SM: PDU Session Establishment Request (PDU SID, Slice=3 , 3->3d
DNN=DelphiD)
5 SM: PDU Session Establishment Request (PDU SID, Slice=3 , 3->3d
DNN=DelphiD)
5 SM: PDU Session Establishment Request (PDU SID, Slice=3 , Mapped
Slide ID = 3m, DNN=DelphiD)UDM
2a. Subscribed Slices ({3m, 3d})
PCF
2b. URSP
2c. URSP

53. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Network Slicing
Summary

54. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Review: What is Network Slicing?
Networking Slicing is concept for
running multiple logical networks as
virtually independent business
operations on a common mobile
network infrastructure
Foundational
Elements
How It Is Enabled
• SDN and NFV
• Meta-Orchestration
• Flow Data from
Databases  Policy
• Model-driven slice
templates
• Configurable
Selection functions
• Database
configuration (HSS,
DNS…)
Secured
Managed / Orchestrated
Validated Designs
Services & Partners Transformed and Delivered
Network Slicing Enables
Best-of-Breed Solutions
“Slices As a
Service” Solutions
Enterprise
Slice
Ultra
IP
Core
Slices / micro-services aimed at
meeting Specific business outcomes
Inter-cloud
Telco Cloud
Ultra
Enterprise
Slices
Cloud Apps
Ultra
IoE
Slices
Ultra
Consumer
Slice
Enterprise

55. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
Review: Network Slicing
New Paradigms in Cloud Mobility
Without Network Slicing—
Best-of-Breed Boxes
Enterprise Owned Assets
SP Owned Assets
Enterprise
IoT
PCRF
OCS
PGW
SGW
GiLAN
Physical
Core
Secured
Managed / Orchestrated
Validated Designs
Services & Partners Transformed and Delivered
Network Slicing Enables
Best-of-Breed Solutions
“Slices As a
Service” Solutions
Enterprise
Slice
Ultra
IP
Core
Slices / micro-services aimed at
meeting Specific business outcomes
Inter-cloud
Telco Cloud
Ultra
Enterprise
Slices
Cloud Apps
Ultra
IoE
Slices
Ultra
Consumer
Slice
Enterprise

56. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
5G Network Slicing Demo
Scope & Capabilities
• 5G Packet Core Instantiation with Remote Control/User Plane Separation (CUPS)
• End-to-End Network Slicing from Access to Service Edge, and Main DCs
• Dedicated Network Slices (L3VPN) Slices for Control
and User Plane Traffic
• Service Specific Segment Routing with Latency
Based Traffic Engineering (SRTE)
• Dynamic Creation of Service Specific Operational
Dashboards
• Machine Learning Anomaly Detection and Alerting
• Modification of Service Specific Firewall Policies
• Service Catalog Management
Cisco Connect

57. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
5G Network Slicing Demo
Networking Overview
Low Latency Slice
(e.g. Gaming)
Enterprise Slice ( e.g.
Google)
Best Effort Slice (e.g.
consumer)
xRAN with Edge DC Main Datacenter
Unified underlay with Segment Routing
Transport
End to End Cross Domain Orchestration and Assurance
Devices
Gaming Packet Core
Enterprise Packet
Core
Consumer Packet
Core
Packet Core slice with QoSVirtualized radio
Internet
Cisco Connect

59. © 2018 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public
• IoT
• IoT devices cannot be provisioned with enterprise identity but must be
bootstrapped with manufacturer identity or use a permanent embedded
identity
• IoT devices may have multiple identities (manufacturer, enterprise, SP,…)
and can communicate to multiple entities (segmentation!)
• There will be multiple identity providers the enterprise needs to integrate
with
• EAP is the framework of choice that already supports these credentials
• Mobile
• Device identity (SIM) is strong credential that can be leveraged by the
enterprise
• Seamless ‘consumer grade’ experience (3GPP-style) requires federated
identity
• Leveraging device credentials will allow seamless onboarding for
employees, guests and partners
• 3GPP also moving to EAP as framework of choice
Device Identities
SIM
Certificate
TPM