Occupational Safety and Health

1. OSH

2. OSH
• Occupational Safety and Health
–Promotion and maintenance of the highest degree of physical, mental,
and social well-being of workers in all occupations
- Prevention among its workers of any departures from health caused
by their working conditions
- Protection among workers in their employment from risks usually
from factors adverse to health
- Placing and maintenance of the worker in an occupational
environment adapted to his/her physiological ability

3. HAZARD and
RISK
Example:
The HAZARD, the source of potential or
threat, is the water spillage itself as it might
cause someone to slip and get injured. On
the other hand, the probability that someone
will actually slip because of the water spillage
is a RISK.

4. Identifying Hazards
1. Slips, Trips and Falls
a. Slipping is commonly caused by spills on the floor leaving it
wet and presence of small objects like pen caps or paper clips
that are left scattered.
b. Falling accidents are usually caused by improper use of office
furnishing or equipment being used as step ladder when working
or reaching objects at height
c. Tripping are wires running down near through the walkway or
aisle

7. Identifying
Hazards
2. Fire-the common cause of
fire in the office is generally
electrical faults

8. Identifying Hazards
3. Ergonomic Injuries
a. Work-related musculoskeletal (WMDS)
• Repetitive motion injuries
• Repetitive strain injuries
• Cumulative trauma disorders
• Occupational cervicobrachial disorders
• Overuse syndrome
• Regional musculoskeletal disorders
• Soft tissue disorders

9. Proper Work Station Ergonomics

10. Proper Work Station Ergonomics

11. 7 Things You Need
for an Ergonomically
Correct Workstation
1. A comfortable chair that
supports your spine

12. 7 Things You Need
for an Ergonomically
Correct Workstation
1. A comfortable chair that
supports your spine
2. A desk set at the proper
height for using your
keyboard

13. 7 Things You Need
for an Ergonomically
Correct Workstation
1. A comfortable chair that
supports your spine
2. A desk set at the proper
height for using your
keyboard
3. An external, ergonomic
keyboard

14. 7 Things You Need
for an Ergonomically
Correct Workstation
1. A comfortable chair that
supports your spine
2. A desk set at the proper
height for using your
keyboard
3. An external, ergonomic
keyboard
4. A mouse that fits your
hand

15. 7 Things You Need
for an Ergonomically
Correct Workstation
1. A comfortable chair that
supports your spine
2. A desk set at the proper
height for using your
keyboard
3. An external, ergonomic
keyboard
4. A mouse that fits your
hand
5. A display set at a
comfortable height, within
arm’s reach

16. 7 Things You Need
for an Ergonomically
Correct Workstation
1. A comfortable chair that
supports your spine
2. A desk set at the proper
height for using your
keyboard
3. An external, ergonomic
keyboard
4. A mouse that fits your
hand
5. A display set at a
comfortable height, within
arm’s reach
6. Good lighting

17. 7 Things You Need
for an Ergonomically
Correct Workstation
1. A comfortable chair that
supports your spine
2. A desk set at the proper
height for using your
keyboard
3. An external, ergonomic
keyboard
4. A mouse that fits your hand
5. A display set at a
comfortable height, within
arm’s reach
6. Good lighting
7. Anything that helps you
reduce stress while you’re
working

18. Identifying Hazards
4. Eye Strain
The most common risks present in the workplace even at home.
You can minimize the risk by:
• Reduce glare on monitors by lowering light levels or by closing blinds on windows
• Adjust monitor position slightly below eye level at appropriate angle
• Take a 5-10 minute break for every hour spent staring at the monitor, focusing your eyes
at varying distances
• Increase computer font size

19. Identifying Hazards
5. Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)
• Air-conditioned room-common risks involved in this kind of hazard ranges from allergies,
chemical sensitivity to occupational asthma and other respiratory disorder.
• Overcrowding-it affects humidity and temperature of the room

20. SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING HAZARDS
• ENGINEERING CONTROLS
This involves controlling the hazard right at its source. Whenever
applicable and feasible, the equipment and facility used to perform the
job is customized, fabricated, or manufactured in such way that it
removes, isolates, or minimizes the risk involved.

21. SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING HAZARDS
• SAFE WORK PRACTICES
This perhaps is the most cost effective and practical system that
can be implemented. It involves establishing certain rules and
regulations regarding carrying out all tasks in a safe manner. This may
also require training and educating workers to enforce the practice.

22. SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING HAZARDS
• ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
The type of control goes hand in hand with safe work practices.
Though seemingly the same, administrative control may refer to
additional measure or organization policies that aim to reduce
organization-wide hazards and risks.

23. SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING HAZARDS
• PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)
While the use of PPE may not be a necessity when working in an
office environment, it might be noteworthy to know what PPEs are and
what kind of PPE applies to specific tasks in the office. Most common
PPE that could be found in the workplace, whether in an office
environment or heavy industry or construction site are helmets, gloves,
and safety shoes or rubber shoes.

24. SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING HAZARDS
• SYSTEMS TO TRACK HAZARD CORRECTION
This refers to a well-defined system of identifying, tracking, and
documenting hazards and the corrections made to reduce, if not to
completely eliminate it.

25. SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING HAZARDS
• PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE SYSTEMS
A good and reliable preventive maintenance program should be
in place to ensure that hazards controls currently implemented are
always functioning well. This involves strict, regular monitoring and
replacements (where applicable) of controls that are in place even
before it needs repair.

26. SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING HAZARDS
• EMERGENCY PREPARATION
An emergency is a situation where a threat to life or property is
present. This is mostly an unsuspecting or unexpected event such as
accident or an event brought by natural calamity or disaster like
typhoons and quakes. The key to reduce or minimize the loss of life and
property is by preparing for it.

27. SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING HAZARDS
• MEDICAL PROGRAMS
This is important part of health and safety system. Such program
can either be in-house, like in large organizations, or through certain
arrangements with local medical facility. Other than medical treatment,
in case of emergencies, medical programs control and promote the
general health of the workers in an organization, something which is
clearly an OHS concern. Example: Health Maintenance Organization
(HMO)

28. EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE