WordPress for the modern PHP developer

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~ ChrisSherry $ WordPress for the modern PHP developer

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Version Control

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See who changed what, when

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Multiple people working on the
same ﬁles simultaneously

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Work on features in parallel

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Roll back to previous versions

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Roll back to previous versions
Go home on time

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ALL THE THINGS
~/site $ git init
~/site $ git add —-all

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.git index.php readme.htmllicense.txt wp-activate.php wp-admin wp-blog-header.php
wp-comments-
post.php
wp-conﬁg-
sample.php
wp-conﬁg.php wp-content wp-cron.php wp-includes wp-links-opml.php
wp-load.php wp-login.php wp-mail.php wp-settings.php wp-signup.php wp-trackback.php xmlrpc.php

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Our users can change our
codebase using the editor tool

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...
 
define('DISALLOW_FILE_EDIT', true);
/wp-config.php

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...
 
define('DISALLOW_FILE_EDIT', true);
/wp-config.php
define('AUTOMATIC_UPDATER_DISABLED', true);

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.git index.php
wp-conﬁg.php
readme.htmllicense.txt wp-activate.php wp-admin wp-blog-header.php
wp-comments-
post.php
wp-conﬁg-
sample.php
wp-content wp-cron.php wp-includes wp-links-opml.php
wp-load.php wp-login.php wp-mail.php wp-settings.php wp-signup.php wp-trackback.php xmlrpc.php

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.git index.php wp-conﬁg.phpwordpress

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if (!defined('ABSPATH')) { 
define(
'ABSPATH',
dirname(__FILE__) . '/'
); 
} 
/wp-config.php...

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if (!defined('ABSPATH')) { 
define(
'ABSPATH',
dirname(__FILE__) . '/wordpress/'
); 
} 
/wp-config.php...

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option_value
https://site.com
https://site.com
WordPress
Just another WordPress site
...
option_name
siteurl
home
blogname
blogdescription
...
wp_options

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#phpuk17
option_value
https://site.com
https://site.com
WordPress
...
/wordpress
option_name
siteurl
home
blogname
blogdescription
...
wp_options

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#phpuk17
mments-
t.php
wp-conﬁg-
sample.php
wp-content wp-cron.php wp-includes wp-links-opml.php wp-load.php wp-logi

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#phpuk17
mments-
t.php
wp-conﬁg-
sample.php
wp-content wp-cron.php
index.php
wp-includes
plugins themes
wp-links-opml.php wp-load.php wp-logi

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#phpuk17
mments-
t.php
wp-conﬁg-
sample.php
index.php
wp-includes
plugins themes
index.php hello.php

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#phpuk17
mments-
t.php
wp-config-
sample.php
index.php
wp-includes
plugins themes
index.php twentyeleven twentytwelve twentythirteen twentyfourteen twentyfifiteen twentysixteen

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#phpuk17
mments-
t.php
wp-config-
sample.php
index.php
wp-includes
plugins themes
wp-content
index.php twentyeleven twentytwelve twentythirteen twentyfourteen twentyfifiteen twentysixteen

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.git index.php wp-conﬁg.phpwordpress wp-content
plugins themes

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plugins themes
advanced-
custom-ﬁelds
debug-bar awesome-plugin

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#phpuk17
define(
'WP_CONTENT_DIR',
$_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/wp-content'
);
 
define(
'WP_CONTENT_URL', '/wp-content'
);
/wp-config.php...

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#phpuk17

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core code

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core code application code

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YOU MADE A NEW FOLDER
I’M GLAD I CHOSE THIS TRACK

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GENE WILDER 1933-2016

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.git index.php wp-conﬁg.phpwordpress wp-content.gitignore

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/.DS_Store
/wordpress
/.gitignore

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~ $ git clone https://github.com/chrissherry/site

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~ $ git clone https://github.com/chrissherry/site
.git index.php wp-conﬁg.php wp-content.gitignore

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Dependency
Management

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github.com/johnpbloch/wordpress

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Default
type:library
/vendor/[vendor]/[name]

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Default
type:library
/vendor/[vendor]/[name]
Custom
type: wordpress-core
/wordpress

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~/site $ composer require johnpbloch/wordpress
~/site $ composer init
~/site $ composer install

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~/site $ composer require johnpbloch/wordpress
{
"require": { 
"johnpbloch/wordpress": "^4.5" 
}
}
/composer.json
~/site $ composer init
~/site $ composer install

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index.php wp-conﬁg.phpwordpress wp-contentcomposer.json composer.lockgitignore

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index.php wp-conﬁg.phpwordpress wp-content
plugins themes
advanced-
custom-ﬁelds
composer.json composer.lockgitignore
debug-bar awesome-plugin

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wpackagist.org

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wpackagist.org
type: wordpress-plugin /wp-content/plugins
type: wordpress-theme /wp-content/themes
Custom

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github.com/composer/installers

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{
"require": { 
"johnpbloch/wordpress": "^4.5",
"wpackagist-plugin/advanced-custom-fields": "~4.4" 
}
}
/composer.json

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https://wordpress.org/plugins/advanced-custom-fields

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{
"require": { 
"wpackagist-plugin/advanced-custom-fields": "4.4" 
}
}
/composer.json

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#phpuk17
/composer.json{
"require": { 
},
"repositories":
[ 
{ 
"type": "composer", 
"url": "https://wpackagist.org" 
}
]
}

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#phpuk17
{
"require": { 
},
"require-dev": {
"wpackagist-plugin/debug-bar": "*" 
},
"repositories":[...]
}
/composer.json
~/site $ composer require —-dev wpackagist-plugin/debug-bar

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plugins themes
advanced-
custom-ﬁelds
awesome-plugindebug-bar

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#phpuk17
/wordpress 
 
/wp-content/plugins/* 
!/wp-content/plugins/.gitkeep 
 
 
/.gitignore

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#phpuk17
/wordpress 
 
!/wp-content/plugins/.gitkeep
!/wp-content/plugins/awesome-plugin 
 
 
 
/.gitignore

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github.com/chrissherry/awesome-plugin

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#phpuk17
chrissherry/awesome-plugin v1.0
v2.0
TAGS
v1.0 (awesome)
v2.0 (more awesome!) Site B
Site AGithub

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github.com/chrissherry/awesome-plugin/composer.json

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#phpuk17
{ 
"require": { 
{...},
"chrissherry/awesome-plugin": "~1.0"  
}
/composer.json

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#phpuk17
{ 
"require": { 
{...},
"chrissherry/awesome-plugin": "~1.0"  
},
"repositories": [
{...},
{ 
"type": "vcs",
"url": "https://github.com/chrissherry/awesome-p..."
}
]
}
/composer.json

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plugins themes
awesome-theme

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#phpuk17
plugins themes
awesome-theme storefront sydney twentysixteen

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#phpuk17
/wordpress 
 
 
 
/.gitignore
/wp-content/themes/*
!/wp-content/themes/.gitkeep

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#phpuk17
/wordpress 
 
 
 
/.gitignore
/wp-content/themes/*
!/wp-content/themes/.gitkeep
!/wp-content/themes/awesome-theme

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ONE DOES NOT SIMPLY
CLICK TO UPDATE THINGS

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wordpress.org/plugins/members

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{
"require": {
...,
"wpackagist-plugin/members": "1.1.3"
},
}
/composer.json
~/site $ composer require wpackagist-plugin/members

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#phpuk17
Deﬁned versions for dependancies

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#phpuk17
Less third party code in the
repository

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#phpuk17
Less third party code in the
repository
Greater reliance on 3rd party
availability

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#phpuk17
Uploads

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#phpuk17
/wordpress 
/wp-content/uploads/* 
 
... 
/.gitignore

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#phpuk17
s3tools.org/s3cmd

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github.com/humanmade/s3-uploads

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~/site $ composer require hadyfayed/s3-uploads
{
"require": {
...,
"hadyfayed/s3-uploads": "2.0"
},
}
/composer.json

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#phpuk17
~/site $ rsync -avz
user@site.com:/var/www/mysite/wp-content/uploads
wp-content/uploads

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#phpuk17
Smaller repository -don’t need
version control over uploads

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Faster clone and deploy times

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Faster clone and deploy times
Remote backups of our uploads

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Databases

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#phpuk17
prod:~/site $ mysqldump -u user -p dbname > db.sql
~/site $ scp user@site.com:site/db.sql db.sql
~/site $ mysql -u user -p dbname < db.sql

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Environments

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option_name
siteurl
home
blogname
blogdescription
...
option_value
https://site.com/wordpress
https://site.com
WordPress
...
wp_options

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#phpuk17
option_name
siteurl
home
blogname
blogdescription
...
option_value
https://staging.site.com/wordpre…
https://staging.site.com
WordPress
...
wp_options

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#phpuk17
...
...
define('WP_HOME', 'https://site.com');
define('WP_SITEURL', 'https://site.com/wordpress');
/wp-config.php

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#phpuk17
//define('WP_HOME', 'https://site.com');
//define('WP_SITEURL', 'https://site.com/wordpress…
define('WP_HOME', 'https://staging.site.com');
define('WP_SITEURL', 'https://staging.site.com/wor…
/wp-config.php...
...

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#phpuk17
server { 
listen 443; 
server_name staging.site.com;
env WP_ENV=staging
...
/etc/nginx/sites-enabled/vhost.conf

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#phpuk17
server { 
listen 443; 
env WP_ENV=staging
...
switch ($_ENV['WP_ENV']) { 
case 'staging': 
define('WP_HOME', 'https://staging.site.com…
define('WP_SITEURL', 'https://staging.site.…
...
/wp-config.php

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server { 
listen 443; 
env WP_ENV=staging
...
switch ($_ENV['WP_ENV']) { 
case 'staging': 
...
/wp-config.php

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define('DB_NAME', 'database_name_here'); 
define('DB_USER', 'username_here'); 
define('DB_PASSWORD', 'password_here'); 
define('DB_HOST', 'localhost');
define('WP_SITEURL', 'https://site.com/wordp…
define('AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase… 
define('SECURE_AUTH_KEY', 'put your unique phrase… 
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', 'put your unique phrase…
define('WP_DEBUG', true);
... /wp-config.php
...

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#phpuk17
define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', 'put your unique phrase…
...
... /wp-config.php

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define('LOGGED_IN_KEY', 'put your unique phrase… 
...
... /wp-config.php

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KEEP IT SAFE
KEEP IT SECRET

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github.com/vlucas/phpdotenv

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#phpuk17
{ 
"require": { 
{...}
"vlucas/phpdotenv": "^1.0" 
},
...
}
/composer.json
~/site $ composer require vlucas/phpdotenv

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#phpuk17
index.php
wp-conﬁg.php
wordpress
wp-content
composer.json composer.lock.gitignore.git.env
vendor

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#phpuk17
DB_NAME=dbname 
DB_USER=user 
DB_PASSWORD=correcthorsebatterystaple 
DB_HOST=localhost
 
WP_ENV=development 
WP_HOME=https://site.com 
WP_SITEURL=https://site.com/wordpress
/.env

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#phpuk17
require_once dirname(__DIR__).'/vendor/autoload.php';
<?php /wp-config.php

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Dotenv::load('.env');

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#phpuk17
Dotenv::load('.env'); 
 
define('DB_NAME', $_SERVER['DB_NAME'])); 
define('DB_USER', $_ENV['DB_USER']); 
define('DB_PASSWORD', getenv('DB_PASSWORD')); 
define('DB_HOST', getenv('DB_HOST'));
define('WP_HOME', getenv('WP_HOME'));
define('WP_SITEURL', getenv('WP_SITE_URL’));
...

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#phpuk17
 
...

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#phpuk17
 
Dotenv::required(['DB_NAME', 'DB_USER', 'DB_PASSWORD',
'WP_HOME', 'WP_SITEURL']);
...

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#phpuk17
/.env
/wordpress 
/wp-content/uploads/*
 
... 
/.gitignore

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#phpuk17
Easy to locate and update

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#phpuk17
Per environment conﬁguration

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Not in source control

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#phpuk17
Ready for open source

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#phpuk17
Ready for open source
Easy to store outside of webroot

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#phpuk17
index.php
wp-conﬁg.php
wordpress
wp-content
server {
...
root /var/www/site
...
vendor

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#phpuk17
index.php
wp-conﬁg.php
wordpress
wp-content
web
server {
...
root /var/www/site
...
/web
vendor

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#phpuk17
composer.json composer.lock.gitignore.git.env web
server {
...
root /var/www/site
...
/web
vendor

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#phpuk17
index.php wp-conﬁg.php wordpress wp-content
composer.json composer.lock.gitignore.git.env web vendor

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#phpuk17
Only keeping what we need in
version control

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#phpuk17
version control
Dependencies managed

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#phpuk17
version control
Backups of uploads & databases

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#phpuk17
version control
Isolated conﬁguration for
environments

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#phpuk17
roots.io/bedrock

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I DONT ALWAYS USE BEDROCK

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version control
Isolated conﬁguration for
environments
Active open source community

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#phpuk17
index.php wp-conﬁg.php wp app

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#phpuk17
/composer.json

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#phpuk17
/composer.json{
...,
"extra": { 
"installer-paths": { 
"web/app/plugins/{$name}/": ["type:wordpress-plugin"], 
"web/app/themes/{$name}/": ["type:wordpress-theme"] 
},
"wordpress-install-dir": "wp" 
} 
}
}

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#phpuk17
index.php wp-conﬁg.php
wp app

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#phpuk17
index.php wp-conﬁg.php
wp-contentwp app

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#phpuk17
Virtual
Machines

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#phpuk17
vagrantup.com

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#phpuk17
Virtual Machine
(Virtual Server)

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#phpuk17
Host Machine
Virtual Machine
(Virtual Server)

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#phpuk17
PHP 7.1
Host Machine

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#phpuk17
PHP 7.1
Host Machine
PHP 7.1
Remote Server A

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#phpuk17
Remote Server B
PHP 5.2
PHP 7.1
Host Machine
PHP 7.1
Remote Server A

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#phpuk17
Remote Server B
PHP 5.2
PHP 7.1
Host Machine
PHP 7.1
Remote Server A
FatalErrorException

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#phpuk17
Virtual Machine A Remote Server A
Remote Server BVirtual Machine B
PHP 7.1
PHP 5.2
PHP 7.1
PHP 5.2

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Host machine uncluttered

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#phpuk17
Software versions contained

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#phpuk17
Similar as possible to production

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#phpuk17
Shared ﬁlesystem runs slow

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#phpuk17
Shared ﬁlesystem runs slow
Memory hungry

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#phpuk17
WHY IS THE RAM
ALWAYS GONE

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#phpuk17
Provisioning

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#phpuk17
ansible.com

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#phpuk17
php
7.1

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#phpuk17
php 7.1
php
7.1

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#phpuk17
php 7.1
php 7.1
php
7.1

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#phpuk17
php 7.1
php 7.1
php
7.1
php
7.1

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#phpuk17
Provision servers with single command

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#phpuk17
Descriptive conﬁgurations

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#phpuk17
Idempotency (same when repeated)

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#phpuk17
Idempotency (same when repeated)
Reproducable servers

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#phpuk17
roots.io/trellis

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#phpuk17
Multisite, wp-cli, etc

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#phpuk17
Deploy script with build hooks

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#phpuk17

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#phpuk17
Usually does more than you need

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#phpuk17
Usually does more than you need
Fiddly to update

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#phpuk17
~/site $ git remote add upstream https://github.com/
roots/trellis.git

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#phpuk17
~/site $ git remote add upstream https://github.com/
roots/trellis.git
~/site $ git remote -v
origin git@github.com:chrissherry/site.git (fetch)
origin git@github.com:chrissherry/site.git (push)
upstream git@github.com:roots/trellis.git (fetch)

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#phpuk17
~/site $ git fetch upstream master
~/site $ git merge -X subtree=trellis
--squash upstream/master

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#phpuk17
MERGE CONFLICTS
MERGE CONFLICTS EVERYWHERE

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#phpuk17
Autoloading

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#phpuk17
<?php
/wp-config.php

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#phpuk17 You’re awesome
Thank you

@tweetingsherry
#phpuk17
Next Talks
Serving 30,000,000
Requests an Hour in the
Cloud
The road to continuous
deployment: a case
study
It's all about the goto
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