Network protocols IP, IPX, and NetBEUI are defined. IP accepts data and formats packets with addressing to send to destinations. IPX operates at the network layer and routes packets between areas using addresses. NetBEUI handles frame formatting not handled by NetBIOS to provide transport. The document discusses how each protocol works and their histories of use. Purchase prices are discussed, noting they are included with certain programs rather than manufactured separately.

1. Network Protocol
(IP, IPX, and NetBEUI)
Drew Belisle
2nd Hour
PC Networking
11/20/09

2. Definitions
• Network Protocols are rules that control the
communications between computers on the
internet.
• Internet Protocol (IP) is the method for data
to get from one computer to another over
the internet.
• IPX is Internetwork Packet Exchange.
• NetBIOS Extended User Interface
(NetBEUI) is a program that allows
computers to interact within a local area
network.

3. How IP Works
• IP accepts data from a higher-level protocol
and it formats the package that has the
addressing information.
• It sends the packet, to where it is suppose to
go, by underlying physical network
architecture.
• The info. in the IP datagram header is used for
a hop-by-hop basis to get it to the right
destination.
• IP doesn’t check to see if the packets got to the
right address and the packets may arrive out of
order, which means IP may be unreliable
sometimes.

4. IP Packet

5. How IPX Works
• IPX operates at the OSI Network layer. IPX
addresses and routes the packets from an area to
another area on an IPX internetwork.
• It uses the address fields to make routing decisions
in its header and from other information that it
receives.
• It uses this info. to forward the packets to the
correct destination node or to a router that
provides the path to the correct node.

6. IPX Packet • Checksum-Indicates that it isn’t
used when the bit field is set to 1’s.
Structure
• Packet length-Specifies the length.
• Transport Control-Indicates the
number of routers the packet has
passed through.
• Packet Type-Decides what upper-
layer protocol should receive it.
• Destination Network, Node, and
Socket-These specify the
destination’s information.
• Source Network, Node, and Socket-
These specify the sources
information.

7. IP and IPX
• These computers
are using IP and
IPX for the
internet.

8. How NetBEUI Works
• NetBIOS provides communication interface
between a application program and an
attached medium.
• It provides services described in the OSI,
but it doesn’t handle all of the frame
formatting.
• NetBEUI handles all of the frame
formatting that is not handled by NetBIOS.
• It provides transport and network support to
NetBIOS.

9. History of IP
• 1974-IP is invented by Vinton G. Cerf and
Robert E. Kahn.
• Late 1980’s-IP is largely adopted.
• Early 1990’s-They determine that they are going
to run out of numbers for the numbering system.
• 1995-IPv6 is released to prevent running out of
numbers. It provides trillions of more addresses
than IPv4.
• 2004-RCN used Voice over Internet Protocol
technology for phone service.
• Today-The internet uses IP still and will for
many years.

10. History of IPX
• 1983-LAN is based on IPX by Novell.
• 1992-Development of IPX stack for Mac
computers.
• 1997-IPX became the most common protocol and
many legacy networking applications will work on
it.
• 2002-Microsoft notices that companies were
eliminating IPX from their operating systems.
• 2004-Novell was having performance problems
with IPX.
• 2006-IPX has been pretty much replaced in newer
products.

11. History of NetBEUI
• 1985-IBM and Microsoft introduce
NetBEUI.
• 1991-NetBEUI is a newer version of
NetBIOS.
• 1996-You could install a dial-up adapter
using NetBEUI protocol.
• 2001-WindowsXP was introduced without
NetBEUI.
• 2002-Many people set aside NetBEUI as
worthless and Microsoft decides that they
are not going to use it anymore.

12. Types and Manufacturers of IP
• The 2 main types of IP are IPv4 and IPv6.
– IPv6 was created because IPv4 was running out
of numbers.
• There are no real manufacturers of IP
because it comes with the internet when you
get it.

13. Types and Manufacturers of IPX
• There are no types of IPX.
• There are no real manufacturers of IPX, but
it used with Novell.
• There are no manufacturers because it
comes with certain types of programs.

14. Types and Manufacturers of
NetBEUI
• There are no real types of NetBEUI
• There are no real manufacturers of
NetBEUI, but it was created by IBM and
Microsoft.
• It comes with certain programs is the reason
why NetBEUI really doesn’t have any
manufacturers.

15. Purchase Prices
• IP-It is comes with the internet, but the
programs that has it on them, cost money.
• IPX-It comes with certain programs, so it is
free, but you have to buy the program with
it on it.
• NetBEUI-It is on certain programs so you
don’t have to pay for it but you have to buy
the program.

16. Purchase Prices
• Programs that have IP-Windows NT,
Windows 2000, Windows XP, Windows
95/98/Me, Windows 7, and Macintosh:
Cost=$25-$160
• Programs that have IPX-Windows NT,
Windows 2000, Windows XP, and
Windows 95/98/Me: Cost=About the same
as programs that have IP.
• Programs that have NetBEUI: Today
programs don’t have NetBEUI so it doesn’t
cost much. Windows 2000 is the program
with it on it and it costs $38-$165.

17. Resources
• Mr. Bennig
• http://searchunifiedcommunications.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid1
86_gci214031,00.html
• http://www.edrawsoft.com/Network-Protocol.php
• http://www.novell.com/fr-
fr/documentation/nw6p/pdfdoc/ipx_enu/ipx_enu.pdf
• http://mudji.net/press/wp-content/uploads/2006/11/datagram.JPG
• http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&tbo=p&tbs=tl
%3A1&q=novell+ipx&btnG=Search&aq=f&oq=&aqi=
• http://www.nethistory.info/History%20of%20the
%20Internet/protocols.html
• http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&tbo=p&tbs=tl
%3A1&q=history+of+netbeui&btnG=Search&aq=f&oq=&aqi=
• http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&tbo=p&tbs=tl
%3A1&q=history+of+internet+protocol&aq=0&oq=history+of+intern
et+protoc&aqi=g1
th

18. Resources Cont.
• http://osr507doc.sco.com/en/NetAdminG/graphics/ipx_ipx_struct.gif
• http://www.javvin.com/protocolIPX.html
• http://sharp-world.com/products/asia-doc/c/products/office/ar-
m205/image/networ13.jpg
• http://phs.prs.k12.nj.us/chaywood/00F462AB-
000F50D3.0/network.jpg
• http://www.javvin.com/protocolNetBIOS.html