1. Introducing the Arduino
Boadu A. Charles Jnr

2. Definition
…an open-source electronics
platform based on easy-to-use
hardware and software.

3. • Eaaaaasy to use
• Inexpensive
• Cross-platform
• Simple, clear programming environment
• Open source and extensible software
• Open source and extensible hardware
Why Arduino?

4. Flavours
Arduino 101
Arduino ZERO
Arduino MEGA

5. 2.7”
2.1”
Costs $25
Weighs 25g
Description

6. How to Use the Arduino
• Write code in Arduino IDE.
• Connect Arduino to PC using USB cable.
• Click button on IDE to compile program.
• Click button on IDE to load program
unto microcontroller.
• Voila!

7. …any device that accepts input,
performs some computations or
processing of the input and produces
an output.
Technically, that makes an Arduino a computer.
Compared to a Computer

8. Semantics
Input
Sensors
Output
Actuators
Passive IR Sensor
Servo

9. Input

10. Input Pins
20 Input Pins
14 Digital Input Pins
0-13
6 Analog Input Pins
A0-A5

11. Input Pins - Example

12. Processing

13. Processing
ATmega328P

14. Processing
Atmega328P Specs
Program Memory Size 32KB (16K x 16)
Program Memory Type FLASH
FLASH Memory 32 K
EEPROM Size 1KB
RAM Size 2KB
Voltage - Supply (Vcc/Vdd) 1.8 V ~ 5.5 V

15. Output

16. Output Pins
14 Output Pins
8 0/1 Pins
0,1,2,4,7,8,12,13
6 PWM Pins
3,5,6,9,10,11

17. Output Pins - Example

18. The Arduino and Power

19. Power Ports
Male Power Jack
A-B USB Socket

20. Power Supply
9V Adapter
Standard A-B USB Cable
Battery Pack with Female Jack

21. Drawing Power
5V
3.3V
GND

22. Programming The Arduino

23. Software IDE

24. Programming Language

25. Code Structure
1
void
setup()
{
2
3
}
4
5
void
loop()
{
6
7
}

26. Sample Program 1
1
void
setup()
{
2
pinMode(13,
OUTPUT);
3
}
4
5
void
loop()
{
6
digitalWrite(13,
HIGH);
7
delay(1000);
8
9
digitalWrite(13,
LOW);
10
delay(1000);
11
}

27. Sample Program 2
1
void
setup()
{
2
pinMode(11,
OUTPUT);
3
}
4
5
void
loop()
{
6
for
(int
i=0;
i<255;
i++)
{
7
analogWrite(11,
i);
8
delay(500);
9
}
10
}

28. Programming Workflow
2. Verify/compile code
3. Upload code unto microcontroller
Converts wiring language to bytes of instructions in one Intel hex file.
Loads hex file unto microcontroller
1. Write code
Keep your eye on the logs

29. For All You JS Lovers
Johnny Five

30. For All You JS Lovers
Sample Program 1
1
var
five
=
require("johnny-­‐five");
2
var
board
=
new
five.Board();
3
4
board.on("ready",
function()
{
5
var
led
=
new
five.Led(13);
6
led.blink(500);
7
});
1
var
five
=
require("johnny-­‐five");
2
var
board
=
new
five.Board();
3
4
board.on("ready",
function()
{
5
var
led
=
new
five.Led(11);
6
led.fadeIn(2000);
7
});
Sample Program 2

31. For All You JS Lovers

32. Extensions/Expansions

33. Shields
GSM Shield
Ethernet Shield
Wifi Shield
NFC Shield
SD Card Shield

34. Shields
7 Segment Display Shield
http://site.gravitech.us/Arduino/SHIELD7/7-SEG_SHIELD-03rs.jpg

35. Libraries

36. Arduino Product Family

37. Mass Production

38. Mass Production

39. Mass Production
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Standalone
ATmega-328P

40. Thank You

41. Appendices

42. Arduino Product Family
https://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products

43. Microcontroller ATMega328P
Operating Voltage 5V
Input Voltage (recommended) 7-12V
Input Voltage (limit) 6-20V
Digital I/O Pins 14 (of which 6 provide PWM output)
PWM Digital I/O Pins 6
Analog Input Pins 6
DC Current per I/O Pin 20 mA
DC Current for 3.3V Pin 50 mA
Flash Memory 32 KB (ATmega328P) of which 0.5 KB used by bootloader
SRAM 2 KB (ATmega328P)
EEPROM 1 KB (ATmega328P)
Clock Speed 16 MHz
Length 68.6 mm
Width 53.4 mm
Weight 25 g
UNO Technical Specifications

44. Application
https://blog.arduino.cc/2015/08/07/a-traditional-weather-house
https://blog.arduino.cc/2015/08/24/exploring-tangible-user-interfaces
https://blog.arduino.cc/2015/08/20/a-tribute-to-5-bit-baudot-code

45. Useful Links
https://www.arduino.cc
https://forum.arduino.cc
https://www.sparkfun.com
https://www.adafruit.com
http://johnny-five.io
https://www.robotics.org.za

46. Useful Tools
Fritzing - For designing circuits and sharing ideas
http://fritzing.org/download

47. Alternatives
Espruino Pico
Small size
Javascript based
Cool Web IDE installed as a Chrome Extension

48. Alternatives
Intel Edison
Portable.
Supports Arduino, JS, Python & C/C++ Languages.
Integration support for:
• Microsoft Azure IoT Suite
• Amazon Web Services (AWS)
• IBM Bluemix

49. Alternatives
Lilly Pad
Tiny
Sewable