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3. Module 3:
Solving and Addressing Routine
Problems
Group 3:
Surigao del Norte College of Agriculture
and Technology

4. Session 3:
Assess the
Fundamental Causes
of the Problem

5. Objectives
 Select the appropriate
problem-solving tool and
analytical technique based on
the situation and context.
 Identify the possible
fundamental causes of a
problem using different
analytical technique.

6. This activity focuses on problem-
solving tools and analytical
techniques. By doing looking at a
problem critically, you will better
understand the root cause of the
problem. And then you will be able to
come up with solutions.

7. Reflect on how you have solved
problems in the games or in your life.
Write at least 3 techniques or tools
that you have used in solving problem
and reaching your goal.
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8. Key Facts 3.3:
Critical Thinking
Techniques
Technique #1: Case Analysis
Technique #2: Brainstorming
Technique #3: SWOT
Analysis

9. Technique #1:
Case Analysis
 This is a learning tool where case studies are
discussed to learn about a topic. In analyzing
cases, you try to answer the following:
• Why or how did these issues arise?
• Who is affected most by this issue?
• What are the constraints and opportunities
you see?
• What do the numbers tell you?

10. Example:
Rolando just started to work for
his father’s business, a small local
construction company. Now that
Rolando has finished his training, it’s
time to focus on growing this family
business. His father wants a clear
picture of the current situation, to
decide on a future strategy for
growth.

11. Technique #2:
Brainstorming
Brainstorming is usually used
to gather ideas. Often done in
a group, information, ideas and
facts are gathered quickly. It
is a pretty free form process.
It can be done on paper, in a
virtual space or verbally.

12. Example:
You are a group of
friends who decided to
open up a restaurant. You
all have equal ownership in
the business. However, you
still need to decide on
what the cuisine will be.

13. Technique
#3:
SWOT
Analysis
This is a way to evaluate the
Strength, Weaknesses, Opportunities,
and Threats when planning how to
address a situation. It helps you and
your co-workers focus on the business’s
strengths, reduce chances of failure,
take advantage of opportunities and
avoid hazards or threats. The
strengths and weaknesses are internal –
things you can control. The
opportunities and threats are external,
factors outside of the business that
you have no control over.

14. A holder of 4 NCs, Liz wants to decide
what industry should she enter. She wants to
understand her abilities as well as her areas
for growth and development on each of the
possible industries that she could enter. She
also wants to check for the feasibility and
variability of business in her area. She knows 4
people who have the same NCs and have
entered different industries. She figured she
can interview these people and learn from them
by analyzing each of the stories and then
looking at the best possible option for her.
What tool is she planning to use?
Example:

15. Lets exercise:
Analyzing Problems
Using Critical Thinking
Techniques

16. Technique #3: SWOT
Analysis
 As a salon owner, Laila wants to improve her
marketing and increase her costumers. However, as
the sole proprietor and hairstylist, she needs to be
prudent on how to use her time, resources and effort
in marketing her salon. She knows she has fantastic
skills – all of her clients love her – and everyone tells
her that there is so much opportunity. She should be
a lot busier than is now! Laila wants to better
understand the cause of this problem so later on she
can come up with a solution.
 She doesn’t have the budget to hire a marketing
expert so she decides to use a SWOT analysis to
determine what she does better than her
competitors. One idea is to maximize her Facebook
Group to reach more costumers and to advertise her
promos. Awhile back her sister showed her how
create cool pubmats. She knows a lot of TESDA
completers are opening shops so there is always new
competition. Some seem to be better at social media
than haircuts!
 Think about how Laila can learn more about the
problem of not enough costumers by doing a
SWOT analysis. As you complete it, you can think
of salons in your area to help give your ideas as
you fill out.
Strengths
(What is she good at?
What are the skills
that she can use to
address the
situation?)
Weaknesses
(What skills,
knowledge or
mindset does she
lack? What does she
need to improve?)
Opportunities
(What are the
possibilities and
opportunities that
arise because of the
situation?)
Threats
(What are the
factors could hinder
her in addressing
the situation?)