5. FINISH ANOTHER SENTENCE
In the future there will be no more designers.
The designers of the future will be
the personal coach, the gym trainer,
the diet consultant.
6. In the future there will be no more designers.
The designers of the future will be
the personal coach, the gym trainer,
the diet consultant.
7. In the future there will be no more designers.
The designers of the future will be
the personal coach, the gym trainer,
the diet consultant.
PHILIPPE STARCK
2008
opinionator.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/04/14/starck-raving
12. It is just the cognitive limits on the
number of interactions a designer can manipulate,
which make the unaided designer obsolete in the face
of the large complexes of requirements he meets today.
Christopher Alexander and Marvin L. Manhein, The Design of Highway Interchanges. Cambridge: Department of Civil Engineering, MIT, 1962.
CHRIS ALEXANDER
1962
14. HIGHLOW
ARTIFACTS TRANSFORMATIONS
COMPLEXITY
EXPERIENCES
THOUGHTSACTIONTHINGSSYMBOLS
Logos, signs Tools, objects Interactions, services Ecosystems, platforms
Buchanan, R. (2001) Design research and the new learning. Design Issues, 17(4), 3–23
The field of design is changing.
Buchanan’s four orders of design (2001) demonstrates the field’s past and possible futures.
Problems of
Communication
Problems of
Construction
Problems of
Action
Problems of
Integration
ParticipationInteractionInterfaceTransaction
15. 20th century design
FROM
THOUGHTSACTIONTHINGSSYMBOLS
Logos, signs Tools, objects Interactions, services Ecosystems, platforms
Simplicity of form, function,
materials, and manner.
Buchanan, R. (2001) Design research and the new learning. Design Issues, 17(4), 3–23
Problems of
Communication
Problems of
Construction
Problems of
Action
Problems of
Integration
16. THOUGHTSACTIONTHINGSSYMBOLS
Logos, signs Tools, objects Interactions, services Ecosystems, platforms
Problems of
Communication
Problems of
Construction
Problems of
Action
Problems of
Integration
20th century design
FROM
Making the complex manageable;
Rendering the complicated meaningful.
Simplicity of form, function,
materials, and manner.
TO
21st century design
Buchanan, R. (2001) Design research and the new learning. Design Issues, 17(4), 3–23
17. 20th century design
FROM
Making the complex manageable;
Rendering the complicated meaningful.
Simplicity of form, function,
materials, and manner.
TO
21st century design
THOUGHTSACTIONTHINGSSYMBOLS
Logos, signs Tools, objects Interactions, services Ecosystems, platforms
Buchanan, R. (2001) Design research and the new learning. Design Issues, 17(4), 3–23
Design of systems
increasingly complex
<
Problems of
Communication
Problems of
Construction
Problems of
Action
Problems of
Integration
20. Design has evolved from the design of objects
both physical and immaterial, to the design of systems,
to the design of complex adaptive systems.
This evolution is shifting the role of designers;
they are no longer the central planner,
but rather participants within the systems they exist in.
JOI ITO
2017
pubpub.org/pub/designandscience
21. Design jobs that will die:
User Experience Designer
Visual Designer
Design Researchers
Traditional Industrial Designers
Chief Design Officers
Design jobs that will grow:
Virtual Interaction Designer
Specialist Material Designer
Algorithmic/AI Designers
Post-Industrial Designers
Design Strategists
fastcompany.com/3063318/5-design-jobs-that-wont-exist-in-the-future
There may be some design jobs that “die” …
5 Design Jobs That Won’t Exist In The Future
from design leaders from frog, Artefact, and IDEO
22. Probability that computerization will lead to job losses
within the next two decades (2013)
Frey and Osborne (2013) The Future of Employment: How Susceptible are Jobs to Computerisation?
CREATIVE INTELLIGENCE TASKS
It seems unlikely that
occupations requiring a high
degree of creative intelligence
will be automated in the next
decades.”
0.003
0.004
0.007
0.008
0.02
0.06
Recreational therapists
Dentists
Athletic trainers
Clergy
Chemical engineers
Editors
Commercial pilots
Machinists
Word processors and typists
Real estate agents
Technical writers
Retail salespersons
Accounts and auditors
Telemarketers
0.55
0.65
0.81
0.86
0.89
0.92
0.94
0.99
0.17
0.37
0.40
0.43
Firefighters
Actors
Health technologists
Economists
0.08Graphic Designers
0.48Computer programmers
HIGH
PROBABILITY
LOW
PROBABILITY
“
23. There are professions more harmful
than industrial design,
but only a very few of them.”
“
VICTOR PAPANEK
1970
The expected shift(s) haven’t yet been fully realized …
28. DEICTIC CENTER
When does now end?
When does the future begin?
Does the future even exist?
I, here, now
29. We are fascinated by the future …
1800 1900 2000
FUTURE
19801960194019201880186018401820
bit.ly/ngram-ppf
GOOGLE NGRAM VIEWER
30. We are fascinated by the future, as well as the past …
1800 1900 2000
PAST
FUTURE
19801960194019201880186018401820
bit.ly/ngram-ppf
GOOGLE NGRAM VIEWER
33. Next year we celebrate the 500th anniversary of Leonardo’s death …
LEONARDO da VINCI
1452-1519
34. What might be said of us 500 years from now?
LEONARDO da VINCI
1452-1519
MARIANO TACCOLA
1382-1453
?
35. We are living in the digital stone age.
Like the first stone age, our digital
stone age will come to and end.
The first Stone Age didn’t end
because they ran out of stones:
It ended because they
discovered something better…
38. Are you promoting best practices
in your organization?
QUESTION
Are you tackling highly complex problems
in your organization?
39. hbr.org/2007/11/a-leaders-framework-for-decision-making
Best practices for innovative UX is wrong… or at best, one of many possibilities.
EMERGENT PRACTICE
COMPLEX
GOOD PRACTICE NOVEL PRACTICE
CHAOTIC
BEST PRACTICE
SIMPLE
DIS
ORD
ER
COMPLICATED
WICKED PROBLEMSTAME PROBLEMS
1. Probe: experiment,
evaluate, repeat.
2. Sense, dive into
the new and
determine next steps.
3. Act to move the
problem into the
complicated domain
1. Sense
2. Analyze
3. Respond
1. Establish order
2. Respond
1. Sense
2. Categorize
3. Respond
Experts don’t even know
what will work. Path created
with each step.
At least one right answer
exists, the expert will show you
the way. What works for us
might not work for you.
Knowledge gathered
throughout lifetime is
only partially useful.
Leaders impel innovation
One solution.
Many issues incorrectly
classified here.
Solving global warmingFixing a car motor 9/11 Attacks
EmergenceExperts Rapid responseObvious
Tightly constrained problems
50. And we associate ideas with each sense …
TOUCH SIGHT HEARINGTASTESMELL
color
odor sweet pitchpressure
pain
texture sour
salty bitter
umami timbre
loudness
amplitude intensity
envelopespectrum
frequency
motion
space
light
depthoffield
gestalt memory
flavor breath
perspiration
51. color
odor sweet pitchpressure
pain
texture sour
salty bitter
umami timbre
loudness
amplitude intensity
envelopespectrum
frequency
motion
space
light
depthoffield
gestalt memory
flavor breath
perspiration
… except this is absolutely wrong.
TOUCH SIGHT HEARINGTASTESMELL
54. Our human senses are much more complex.
Humans have between 9 and 33 senses.
TASTE
VISION
HEARING
SMELL
TEMPERATURE
MECHANORECPTION
PAIN
INTEROCEPTORS
TOUCH
55. Our human senses are much more complex.
Humans have between 9 and 33 senses.
Artery-vein blood glucose difference (hunger?)
Light touch
Cold
Light
2000+ receptor types
Cutaneous
Blood oxygen content
TASTE VISION
HEARING
SMELL
TEMPERATURE
MECHANORECPTION
PAIN
INTEROCEPTORS
Heat
Muscle stretch - Golgi tendon organs
TOUCH
PressureGreen
BlueRed
Colour
Full stomach
Lung inflation
Umami
Bitter
Sour
Salt
Sweet
Visceral
Somatic
Balance
Rotational acceleration Kinaesthesis
Linear acceleration
Proprioception - joint position
Muscle stretch - muscle spindles
Arterial blood pressure
Central venous blood pressure
Bladder stretch
Blood pressure Cerebrospinal fluid pH
Head blood temperature
Plasma osmotic pressure (thirst?)
56. Octopus skin has patterns invisible to human eyes
because they are hidden in light’s polarization.
Elephant feet and trunks are sensitive enough to
pick up vibrations created by elephants as far as
10 miles away.
Roundworms rely on a single nerve that detects
Earth’s magnetic field and orients them on which
way to burrow.
wired.com/2016/06/weirdest-senses-animals-humans-dont
Mantis shrimp have between 12 and 16 types of
photoreceptors cells. Humans have three: RGB.
Bumblebees use hair on their legs to detect
flower’s electromagnetic field.
Lorenzini jelly in sharks make them capable of
detecting electric and magnetic fields as well as
temperature gradients.
Animals have senses humans don’t.
57. Which human senses do we usually design for?
Artery-vein blood glucose difference (hunger?)
Light touch
Cold
Light
2000+ receptor types
Cutaneous
Blood oxygen content
TASTE VISION
HEARING
SMELL
TEMPERATURE
MECHANORECPTION
PAIN
INTEROCEPTORS
Heat
Muscle stretch - Golgi tendon organs
TOUCH
PressureGreen
BlueRed
Colour
Full stomach
Lung inflation
Umami
Bitter
Sour
Salt
Sweet
Visceral
Somatic
Balance
Rotational acceleration Kinaesthesis
Linear acceleration
Proprioception - joint position
Muscle stretch - muscle spindles
Arterial blood pressure
Central venous blood pressure
Bladder stretch
Blood pressure Cerebrospinal fluid pH
Head blood temperature
Plasma osmotic pressure (thirst?)
58. Which human senses do we usually design for?
Artery-vein blood glucose difference (hunger?)
Light touch
Cold
Light
2000+ receptor types
Cutaneous
Blood oxygen content
TASTE VISION
HEARING
SMELL
TEMPERATURE
MECHANORECPTION
PAIN
INTEROCEPTORS
Heat
Muscle stretch - Golgi tendon organs
TOUCH
PressureGreen
BlueRed
Colour
Full stomach
Lung inflation
Umami
Bitter
Sour
Salt
Sweet
Visceral
Somatic
Balance
Rotational acceleration Kinaesthesis
Linear acceleration
Proprioception - joint position
Muscle stretch - muscle spindles
Arterial blood pressure
Central venous blood pressure
Bladder stretch
Blood pressure Cerebrospinal fluid pH
Head blood temperature
Plasma osmotic pressure (thirst?)
59. Are we really designing rich experiences if we’re designing for just 6%?
Artery-vein blood glucose difference (hunger?)
Light touch
Cold
Light
2000+ receptor types
Cutaneous
Blood oxygen content
TASTE VISION
HEARING
SMELL
TEMPERATURE
MECHANORECPTION
PAIN
INTEROCEPTORS
Heat
Muscle stretch - Golgi tendon organs
TOUCH
PressureGreen
BlueRed
Colour
Full stomach
Lung inflation
Umami
Bitter
Sour
Salt
Sweet
Visceral
Somatic
Balance
Rotational acceleration Kinaesthesis
Linear acceleration
Proprioception - joint position
Muscle stretch - muscle spindles
Arterial blood pressure
Central venous blood pressure
Bladder stretch
Blood pressure Cerebrospinal fluid pH
Head blood temperature
Plasma osmotic pressure (thirst?)
60. Artery-vein blood glucose difference (hunger?)
Light touch
Cold
Light
2000+ receptor types
Cutaneous
Blood oxygen content
TASTE VISION
HEARING
SMELL
TEMPERATURE
MECHANORECPTION
PAIN
INTEROCEPTORS
Heat
Muscle stretch - Golgi tendon organs
TOUCH
PressureGreen
BlueRed
Colour
Full stomach
Lung inflation
Umami
Bitter
Sour
Salt
Sweet
Visceral
Somatic
Balance
Rotational acceleration Kinaesthesis
Linear acceleration
Proprioception - joint position
Muscle stretch - muscle spindles
Arterial blood pressure
Central venous blood pressure
Bladder stretch
Blood pressure Cerebrospinal fluid pH
Head blood temperature
Plasma osmotic pressure (thirst?)
Stubbing your toe elicits more sensory reaction than our best user experiences.
61. Artery-vein blood glucose difference (hunger?)
Light touch
Cold
Light
2000+ receptor types
Cutaneous
Blood oxygen content
TASTE VISION
HEARING
SMELL
TEMPERATURE
MECHANORECPTION
PAIN
INTEROCEPTORS
Heat
Muscle stretch - Golgi tendon organs
TOUCH
PressureGreen
BlueRed
Colour
Full stomach
Lung inflation
Umami
Bitter
Sour
Salt
Sweet
Visceral
Somatic
Balance
Rotational acceleration Kinaesthesis
Linear acceleration
Proprioception - joint position
Muscle stretch - muscle spindles
Arterial blood pressure
Central venous blood pressure
Bladder stretch
Blood pressure Cerebrospinal fluid pH
Head blood temperature
Plasma osmotic pressure (thirst?)
Stubbing your toe elicits more sensory reaction than our best user experiences.
63. At the center of our happiest experiences are other people—not technology.
Firstkisswithpersonyoulove
Birthofafirstchild
WeddingDay
Birthofgrandchildren
DayofretirementMovingintoanewhome
Hearingyourchild’sfirstwords
Seeingyourchild’sfirststep
Birthofanotherchild
Meetingthepersonofyourdreams
65. Christa Sommerer and Laurent Mignonneau: Nano-scape (2002)
interface.ufg.ac.at/christa-laurent
What if it were possible to experience atomic forces?
66. What if it were possible to experience atomic forces?
Christa Sommerer and Laurent Mignonneau: Nano-scape (2002)
interface.ufg.ac.at/christa-laurent
68. SINGLE-LOOP LEARNING
REAL WORLD
DECISION FEEDBACK
DECISION-
MAKING
RULES
MENTAL
MODEL
DOUBLE-LOOP LEARNING
REAL WORLD
DECISION FEEDBACK
DECISION-
MAKING
RULES
MENTAL
MODEL
ADAPTING
Accommodating others
REAL CHANGE
Understanding others
78. Robert Root-Bernstein (1999). Sparks of Genius: The 13 Thinking Tools of the World’s Most Creative People.
Tools of creative understanding help us s__ and p_rc__v_
79. OBSERVING
Paying attention to bodily inputs
IMAGING
Recalling or imaging feelings and sensations
ABSTRACTING
Rendering the complicated to simple principles
RECOGNIZING PATTERNS
Discovery of inherent laws and structures
FORMING PATTERNS
Creating new laws and structures
ANALOGIZING
Recognizing patterns to pattern forming
BODY THINKING
Thinking arising from bodily sensations and awareness
EMPATHIZING
Understanding and becoming another human or thing
DIMENSIONAL THINKING
Moving from flat plane into 3+ dimensions
MODELING
Representing across modes
and boundaries
PLAYING
Childlike joy and disregard
for convention
TRANSFORMING
Translating between
imaginative tools and formal
communication
SYNTHESIZING
Sensing and understanding
in multiple ways
Preverbal and presymbolic thinkingLower-order tools Higher-order tools
Robert Root-Bernstein (1999). Sparks of Genius: The 13 Thinking Tools of the World’s Most Creative People.
Tools of creative understanding help us s__ and p_rc__v_ee e ei e
80. OBSERVING
Paying attention to bodily inputs
IMAGING
Recalling or imaging feelings and sensations
ABSTRACTING
Rendering the complicated to simple principles
RECOGNIZING PATTERNS
Discovery of inherent laws and structures
FORMING PATTERNS
Creating new laws and structures
ANALOGIZING
Recognizing patterns to pattern forming
BODY THINKING
Thinking arising from bodily sensations and awareness
EMPATHIZING
Understanding and becoming another human or thing
DIMENSIONAL THINKING
Moving from flat plane into 3+ dimensions
MODELING
Representing across modes
and boundaries
PLAYING
Childlike joy and disregard
for convention
TRANSFORMING
Translating between
imaginative tools and formal
communication
SYNTHESIZING
Sensing and understanding
in multiple ways
Preverbal and presymbolic thinkingLower-order tools Higher-order tools
Robert Root-Bernstein (1999). Sparks of Genius: The 13 Thinking Tools of the World’s Most Creative People.
Tools of creative understanding help us s__ and p_rc__v_ee e ei e
81. 20th century design
FROM
Making the complex manageable;
Rendering the complicated meaningful.
Simplicity of form, function,
materials, and manner.
TO
21st century design
83. THEFERTILEVERGE
The creativity of our nation depends
on our finding and exploring
the verges between
our new world … … and the next.
84. … and the next.
THEFERTILEVERGE
The creativity of our nation depends
on our finding and exploring
the verges between
our new world …
85. … and the next.
THEFERTILEVERGE
The creativity of our nation depends
on our finding and exploring
the verges between
our new world …
It’s up to us to put it all together.
