2.
<ul><li>May be right on your own doorstep! </li></ul><ul><li>It affects every region of the world, is the fastest growing form of transnational crime and generates tens of billions of dollars in profits for criminals each year. [United Nations] </li></ul><ul><li>If often involves extensive organized crime networks that generate large profit from exploitation of people. </li></ul><ul><li>Generates an estimated total global market value of $32 billion, next only to illicit profits generated from drug and firearm trafficking, and pays no taxes. [United Nations] </li></ul><ul><li>Doesn’t advertise it’s job openings. </li></ul><ul><li>However there seems to be plenty of work for everyone! </li></ul>

3.
<ul><li>The Answer is ‘human trafficking’, often described as a modern form of slavery. </li></ul><ul><li>Human Trafficking is a violation of human rights. </li></ul><ul><li>Did you know that human trafficking is illegal in most countries around the world but it’s happening in many of these countries. </li></ul><ul><li>In Canada, it is a crime under the Criminal Code of Canada. </li></ul><ul><li>No country is immune to human trafficking, including Canada. </li></ul>

4.
<ul><li>You would probably quickly say, not in my neighborhood! </li></ul><ul><li>You might of course, be right and we hope you are! </li></ul><ul><li>However, mounting evidence seems to suggest otherwise and hopefully as we go through this presentation you will become more aware of just what exactly Human Trafficking is and how it may be impacting your community. </li></ul>

5.
<ul><li>I’ve heard it said that Human smuggling and Human Trafficking are the same thing! </li></ul><ul><li>Is there really a difference? </li></ul><ul><li>If so what is it? </li></ul>

6.
<ul><li>Involves the bringing about, for profit, the illegal entry of a person or persons into a country of which that person is not a citizen or permanent resident. </li></ul><ul><li>Unlike trafficking, the relationship between the smuggler and the person smuggled usually ends once the smuggled person has arrived in the country of destination. </li></ul><ul><li>Recruitment, transportation and/or harbouring of persons for the purpose of exploitation, typically for sexual exploitation or forced labour. </li></ul><ul><li>Traffickers use force, fraud, deception and threats of violence. </li></ul><ul><li>Generally involves an ongoing relationship where the trafficker continuously exploits the labour or services of the victim for profit. </li></ul>HUMAN SMUGGLING HUMAN TRAFFICKING

7.
<ul><li>Main difference between Human smuggling and Human trafficking is: </li></ul><ul><li>Human Smuggling = usually a voluntary act. </li></ul><ul><li>Human Trafficking = usually involves exploitation, deception, threat and force, and could include a victim’s initial consent. </li></ul>

8.
<ul><li>One important distinction about Human Trafficking is: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Trafficked victims may be trafficked across international borders and into our country, and indeed between communities and even within communities. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>While human trafficking may often involve the movement of victims, no movement is required to prove the crime. </li></ul></ul><ul><li>HUMAN TRAFFICKING IS OFTEN REFERRED TO AS MODERN DAY SLAVERY AND THERE IS A GOOD REASON FOR THAT! </li></ul>

9.
<ul><li>Traffickers may exploit people by making them work in any environment by employing various tactics (e.g., force, deception, withholding pay, etc.), which can make a typical job unpleasant or dangerous. </li></ul><ul><li>Is a serious crime that affects the most vulnerable members of society. </li></ul><ul><li>Victims of trafficking can be any age, and any gender. </li></ul><ul><li>VICTIMS ARE WOMEN, CHILDREN AND MEN. </li></ul><ul><li>Due to the clandestine nature it is difficult to ascertain the true magnitude within Canada and internationally. </li></ul><ul><li>Consequently, a wide range of estimates exist on the scope and magnitude of the problem. </li></ul>

10.
<ul><li>The United Nations estimates the number of victims at any one time at 2.5 million people worldwide. </li></ul><ul><li>Other organizations have put the number much higher, particularly when including domestic trafficking as well. </li></ul><ul><li>The majority of victims are women and children. </li></ul><ul><li>It is believed that most trafficked persons in Canada are victims of sexual exploitation. </li></ul>

11.
<ul><li>Virtually everywhere </li></ul><ul><li>Independently Owned Businesses </li></ul><ul><li>Domestic Caregiving </li></ul><ul><li>Factories </li></ul><ul><li>Construction Sites </li></ul><ul><li>Commercial Farming/Landscaping </li></ul><ul><li>Fishing Fleets </li></ul><ul><li>Janitorial Services </li></ul><ul><li>Restaurant Services </li></ul><ul><li>Nightclubs/Bars </li></ul><ul><li>Modeling Studios </li></ul><ul><li>Escort Services </li></ul><ul><li>Massage Parlours </li></ul><ul><li>Shelters </li></ul><ul><li>Internet </li></ul><ul><li>Private Residences </li></ul><ul><li>Hospitals </li></ul>

16.
<ul><li>No unfortunately it is not just in the big cities. </li></ul><ul><li>Wherever there is a demand for any of the services previously listed victims can be found. </li></ul><ul><li>Some argue that the demand for sexual services can fuel an increased demand for human trafficking. </li></ul><ul><li>Human trafficking can occur in large urban centres as well as at the local and community level across Canada. </li></ul><ul><li>Perhaps even in your own Community! </li></ul><ul><li>Victims can originate from a foreign country or here in Canada. </li></ul><ul><li>We may not have taken the time to notice them! </li></ul>

17.
<ul><li>Human trafficking is driven by a set of interrelated “push and pull factors: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Push factors include extreme poverty, unemployment, lack of education and opportunity, lack of information, inadequate social programs, gender-based inequality, war and conflict situations and political unrest in countries of origin. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Pull factors include a globalized, free market economy that has increased the demand for cheap labor, goods and services in countries of destination. Further, new communications technologies, including the internet, operate without national boundaries and can be difficult to regulate. These technologies allow for instantaneous and worldwide opportunities to facilitate human trafficking. </li></ul></ul>

18.
<ul><li>Worldwide, human trafficking victims are a society’s most vulnerable. </li></ul><ul><li>Statistics on Aboriginal women and girls in Canada reveal an extremely vulnerable population: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>40% live in poverty </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>At higher risk of violence, substance abuse, sexual abuse </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Half of female single parent families lack stable housing </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Aboriginal youth only 3-5% of population, but estimated 90% of the visible sex trade in some cities. </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Research undertaken by Native Women’s Association of Canada’s “Sisters in Spirit” initiative: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>510 missing or murdered Aboriginal women and girls identified in database as of November 2008. [Source: Statistics Canada] </li></ul></ul>

19.
<ul><li>Organized recruitment of vulnerable young women and girls: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Upon arrival at big city airport. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Everyday places: Malls, fast food restaurants, youth facilities. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>“ Friendship” used as a key tactic in luring vulnerable youth into illicit activity. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Often girls recruiting other girls on behalf of trafficker. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Relationship will begin to change and girls pressured into involvement in sex trade. </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Youth who are shunned, completely street-involved: no perception of alternatives, feel trapped. [Source: Status of Women in Canada] </li></ul></ul><ul><li>Victims are often promised legitimate, well paying jobs, as, for example, caregivers, waitresses, or models. </li></ul><ul><li>The promise of money and of a better life is often used in cases of trafficking. </li></ul>

20.
<ul><li>Remote oil, mining operations </li></ul><ul><li>Follow existing exotic dancer routes </li></ul><ul><li>In context of cultural tourism attractions (fairs, exhibitions) </li></ul><ul><li>Trafficking triangles have been found to exist in which victims are moved: </li></ul><ul><ul><li>Saskatoon-Edmonton-Calgary </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Saskatoon-Regina-Winnipeg </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Calgary-Edmonton-Vancouver </li></ul></ul><ul><ul><li>Also between cities in Eastern and Central Canada </li></ul></ul>

22.
<ul><li>Being escorted/watched (evidence of control) </li></ul><ul><li>No speaking on own behalf </li></ul><ul><li>No passport or other form of identification </li></ul><ul><li>Limited knowledge about how to get around in a community </li></ul><ul><li>Live on or very near the work premises </li></ul><ul><li>Lack of private space/personal possessions/financial records </li></ul><ul><li>Frequently moved around by traffickers </li></ul><ul><li>Trafficking victims may be deliberately moved around the country to maintain control over them. </li></ul><ul><li>Also to make sure no one gets close enough to the victim to be able to figure out what might be happening. </li></ul>

23.
<ul><li>Injuries/bruises from beating or weapons </li></ul><ul><li>Signs of torture (i.e.: cigarette burns) </li></ul><ul><li>Brands or scarring indicating ownership </li></ul><ul><li>Signs of malnourishment </li></ul><ul><li>Body language/facial expressions (fear, intimidation) </li></ul>

24.
<ul><li>They do not self identify as victims of HT. </li></ul><ul><li>Taught to distrust outsiders, especially law enforcement. Have a sense of fear they could be deported. </li></ul><ul><li>Develop an affiliation with traffickers, develop survival skills. </li></ul><ul><li>Feel responsible or feel better about current situation than where they came from. </li></ul><ul><li>Unaware or misinformed about their rights here in Canada. </li></ul><ul><li>Shame. </li></ul><ul><li>Fear for their families in their home countries/communities as some traffickers threaten to harm their families if they report their situation or cooperate with law enforcement. </li></ul>

25.
<ul><li>Become more aware of the issue of Human Trafficking in Canada. </li></ul><ul><li>Help your family and friends be aware by encouraging them to attend presentations which may take place in your community. </li></ul><ul><li>Request your local Crime Stoppers program to conduct a presentation in your Community and invite your friends and family. </li></ul>

26.
<ul><li>Although anyone can be a victim of human trafficking, the majority of people who are trafficked are poor, come from broken homes and some have mental illnesses and drug and alcohol addictions. </li></ul><ul><li>If you become aware of or suspect Human Trafficking activity is taking place in your neighborhood please contact your local Police or the RCMP. </li></ul><ul><li>If you wish to remain anonymous call Crime Stoppers at 1-800-222-8477 (TIPS) </li></ul><ul><li>It’s important to make the call! </li></ul>

27.
<ul><li>Your identity will never be known as Crime Stoppers does not subscribe to Call display. Your call will be completely anonymous. </li></ul><ul><li>The information you provide will be forwarded to law enforcement for investigation and if proven to be accurate will help ensure the perpetrator(s) will be arrested and charged, and you would be eligible to receive a cash reward of up to $2000 Canadian. </li></ul>

28.
<ul><li>The victim (person being trafficked) will be provided with assistance and if from another country can be provided with a temporary residency permit, health care and a safe location while the matter is being resolved. </li></ul><ul><li>The victim is never treated as a Criminal! </li></ul><ul><li>Your local Crime Stoppers program will be aware of or be able to find out where victim support is available in your community. </li></ul>

29.
Pakistani boys making counterfeit Stanley tools in atrocious sweatshop conditions in Karachi

30.
Thai youngster found in a sweatshop disguised as a school in Chaochengsao, Thailand, producing Adidas football jerseys.

31.
<ul><li>Young Cambodian children trafficked </li></ul><ul><li>by Thai Chinese gangs into Bangkok, Thailand </li></ul><ul><li>Work 20 hour shifts begging from foreign tourists </li></ul><ul><li>Money collected is stripped by gang boss. If minimum collections are not reached, the children are beaten. </li></ul>

32.
<ul><li>Thai sweatshop involved mass counterfeit production of Levis Jeans. </li></ul><ul><li>Young teens from poor villages forced into slave labour </li></ul><ul><li>Live in “dorms”, ten per room </li></ul>

33.
<ul><li>9-year old Thai slave </li></ul><ul><li>Hand stitching Puma shoes </li></ul><ul><li>$20/day, 7 days/week, 365 days/year </li></ul><ul><li>Receives allowance of 200Baht ($5) per month </li></ul>

34.
<ul><li>Western man negotiates for young Thai girl. </li></ul><ul><li>After settling on the price, man leaves with the young girl, trafficker leaves with the payment. </li></ul>