Ashley Moffett: New Approaches to Maternal Mortality In Africa
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Ashley Moffett (Professor of Reproductive Immunology at the Department of Pathology and Centre for Trophoblast Research, University of Cambridge): How does the mother’s immune system affect the outcome of pregnancy?
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Ashley Moffett: New Approaches to Maternal Mortality In Africa
- 1. How does the mother’s immune system affect the outcome of pregnancy? Ashley Moffett
- 2. The Norwegian Mother-Baby study A cohort consisting of ~800 000 pregnancies
- 3. The Norwegian MoBa study A cohort consisting of ~800 000 pregnancies
- 4. The Norwegian MoBa study A cohort consisting of ~800 000 pregnancies Pre-eclampsia Stillbirth Prematurity
- 6. The Norwegian MoBa study A cohort consisting of ~800 000 pregnancies Obstructedlabour Haemorrhage Sepsis
- 7. Obstructedlabour William Smellie‘s Sett of Anatomical Tables, 1752
- 8. Birth weight and neonatal mortality rate (n=13,730) “Perhaps the most clear-cut example of a human character subject to stabilizing (balancing) selection is birth weight” from Cavalli-Sforza, L.L. &Bodmer, W.F. In The genetics of human populations (Freeman Press, San Francisco, 1971).
- 9. NK cells and the success of human pregnancy The maternal-fetal interface
- 11. Failure of invasion of extravillous trophoblast cells in pre-eclampsia Moffett
- 12. The immune system has evolved to discriminate between self & non-self
- 13. Transplantation self label non-self label receptor Recipient immune cell self non-self
- 14. Pregnancy Maternalselflabel Maternal immune cell Paternalnon-selflabel self & non-self labels = HLA
- 15. Failure of invasion of extravillous trophoblast cells in pre-eclampsia Moffett
- 18. Paternalnon-selflabels on placenta
- 19. NK cells Placenta
- 20. NK cells Placenta
- 21. NK cells Risk Placenta
- 22. HLA-C2
- 23. Distribution of Neanderthal HLA-C*0702 allele (group C1) in modern populations 58.7 30.0 18.0 Abi-Rached et al 9.0 (%) Science 2011 0.0 HLA-C*07:02 = C1 group
- 24. Inverse correlation in human populations between C2 epitope and KIR A haplotype. Parham 2012. Extending Hiby et al 2004, JEM.
- 25. The distributions of birth weight and transfer to neonatal special care units. 1999-2009 Norway (MoBa) 0.45 Birth weight frequency 0.4 Neonate transfer frequency 0.35 0.3 % frequency 0.25 0.2 0.15 0.1 0.05 0 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 Birth weight (grams)
Editor's Notes
- Why study immune system?What does it have to do with MM in Africa?
- Frequency against birth weight – peak frequency between 3 and 4 Kg – falls off either end
- When look at extremes major problems responsible for a major proportion of maternal and fetal deathsBoth these extremes occur more frequently in sub-Saharan Africa
- Regulation of birth weight is vital to successful pregnancy. Show you one way this is achieved is by immune system
- NK cells
- Different variants of NK receptors in a population – a woman can have any of these depending on her genetic make up