Human capital, immigration and the early modern Dutch economy Job mobility of native and immigrant workers in the maritime labour market, c.1700-1800 In this pilot we will be using CLARIAH components from WP2 and WP4 to link and systematically analyse a variety of historical datasets allowing us to reconstruct the careers of migrant and native workers active in the eighteenth century Dutch maritime labour market. Focusing on this historical case study, we will investigate a current policy issue: the economic contribution of migrant workers on a recipient economy. Our approach to uncover the link between migration and economic development centres on two aspects of what is referred to as job mobility: promotion and job switching. By identifying those individuals that during their career experienced promotion and/or job switching we seek to lay bare the extent to which human capital levels of migrants and native workers differed, and what opportunities for social advancement were available in the eighteenth century Dutch labour market.

1. HUMIGEC
Human capital, immigration and the early modern Dutch
economy: job mobility of native and immigrant workers in the
maritime labour market, c.1700-1800
CLARIAH ‘toogdag’ 2018
19-10-2018
Jelle van Lottum (jelle.van.lottum@huygens.knaw.nl)
Lodewijk Petram (lodewijk.petram@huygens.knaw.nl)

2. Project background
• Hotly debated topic: what is the economic contribution
of migrant workers on a recipient economy?
• Our approach: job mobility
• Case study: 18th-c Dutch maritime labour market
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

3. Source
• Source used: Dutch East India Company muster rolls
(data on the company’s ship crews on Dutch-Asiatic
voyages; c. 775,000 records)
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

4. Migrant workers aboard VOC
vessels (Europe-Asia vv.)
Global recruitment…… ……though chiefly European
4
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

5. From person entities to
individual careers
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

6. Record linkage: operationalisation
• Reconstruct 18th-c sailors’ careers
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

7. Record linkage: operationalisation
• Spelling normalizationProject background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

8. update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal =regexp_replace(regexp_replace(patroniem, 'W+', '', 'g'),
'sz$','') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'en$','') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = replace(PatroniemNormal, 'cx','cks') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'rt$','r') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'Abs$','Abrahams') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'Abzoon$','Abrahams')
;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'Cornlsz$','Cornelis') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'Corn$','Corneli') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'e$','') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 's$','') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'z$','') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'rt$','r') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = replace(PatroniemNormal, 'th','t') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = replace(PatroniemNormal, 'Th','T') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = replace(PatroniemNormal, 'rha','ra') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = replace(PatroniemNormal, 'C','K') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'dt$','d') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 't$','') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = replace(PatroniemNormal, 'ghi','chi') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = replace(PatroniemNormal, 'ei','ij') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, 'zn$','') ;
update opvarenden set PatroniemNormal = regexp_replace(PatroniemNormal, '(.)1+','1', 'g') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = regexp_replace(regexp_replace(Voornaam, 'W+', '', 'g'),
'sz$','s') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'ae','aa') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = regexp_replace(VoornaamNormal, 'en$','') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = regexp_replace(VoornaamNormal, 'e$','') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = regexp_replace(VoornaamNormal, 'sz$','s') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = regexp_replace(VoornaamNormal, 'z$','s') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = regexp_replace(VoornaamNormal, 'ss$','s') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'th','t') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'Th','T') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'rha','ra') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'C','K') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'dt','d') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'ghi','chi') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'gh','g') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'ch','g') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'ck','k') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'ei','ij') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = replace(VoornaamNormal, 'ij','i') ;
update opvarenden set VoornaamNormal = regexp_replace(VoornaamNormal, '(.)1+','1', 'g') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(regexp_replace(Achternaam, 'W+', '',
'g'), 'sz$','s') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'Z','s') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'z','s') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ij','i') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ae','aa') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'en$','') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'e$','') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'sz$','s') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'z$','s') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ss$','s') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'd$','t') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'tt$','t') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'x$','ks') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ds$','ts') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ph','f') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'th','t') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'Th','T') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'rha','ra') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'C','K') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'dt','d') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ghi','chi') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'gh','g') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ch','g') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ei','i') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ie','i') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ou','oe') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ender','endr') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'cx','ks') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = replace(AchternaamNormal, 'ck','k') ;
update opvarenden set AchternaamNormal = regexp_replace(AchternaamNormal, '(.)1+','1', 'g') ;

9. Record linkage: operationalisation
• Spelling normalization
• Algorithm validation and testing
• String similarity and additional rules
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

11. Record linkage: operationalisation
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

12. Future steps
• Algorithm needs further tweaking
• Manual curation of lower confidence matches
• Integration in CLARIAH infrastructure or method made
reproducible in another way
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions

13. i
Results: who is promoted more
often (to an officer’s rank)?
Positive: Dutch workers gain (proportionally) more promotions
Negative: migrant workers gain (proportionally) more promotions
-6%
-4%
-2%
0%
2%
4%
6%
1700 1710 1720 1730 1740 1750 1760 1770 1780
Overrepresentation of Dutch promotions (to an officer’s rank)
• Improved chances for migrant workers
13
Project background
Source
Career reconstruction
Results and conclusions