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The Brain

                   Presentation 2
                   Cynthia Galvez




June 2012          Biology 120: Medical Terminology   1
The Brain




June 2012               Biology 120: Medical Terminology   2
What is a brain?
                Part of the Nervous System
                Coordinates most of the bodies activities
                One of the largest organs in the body
                Center of all though, memory, judgment, emotions
                Each part of the brain is responsible for controlling
                 different body functions




June 2012                      Biology 120: Medical Terminology      3
Four Main Sections of the Brain
              Cerebrum
              Cerebellum

              Diencephalon

              Brain Stem




June 2012                     Biology 120: Medical Terminology   4
Cerebrum
                Largest section of the brain
                     Located in upper section
                     Processes thoughts
                     Judgments
                     Memory
                Divided into left and right halves
                     Cerebral hemisphere
                     4 lobes in each hemisphere
                       1.    Frontal Lobe: controls motor function, personality, speech
                       2.    Parietal Lobe: explains language, analyzes nerve impulses
                       3.    Occipital Lobe: Vision
                       4.    Temporal Lobe: Hearing, smell



June 2012                                Biology 120: Medical Terminology                 5
Cerebellum
                2nd largest section of the brain
                Coordinates body movement
                Maintains equilibrium
                     Maintains Balance




June 2012                         Biology 120: Medical Terminology   6
Diencephalon
                Located bellow the cerebrum
                Thalamus
                     Composed of gray matter
                     Center for transmitting impulses from eyes, ears and skin to
                      cerebrum
                     Controls pain
                Hypothalamus
                     Controls systems
                           Autonomic nervous system
                           Cardiovascular system
                           Digestive system
                     Release hormones from pituitary gland


June 2012                                Biology 120: Medical Terminology            7
Brain Stem
                3 components
                     Midbrain
                           Connects brain impulses and spinal cord
                     Pons
                           Connects cerebellum and brain
                     Medulla oblongata
                           Connects brain to spinal cord
                Controls respiration, heart rate, temperature and
                 blood pressure




June 2012                             Biology 120: Medical Terminology   8
Brain Cavities
                Four cavities known as ventricles
                     Ventricles contains Cerebrospinal fluid
                           A protection fluid that prevents shock or movement to brain
                            and spinal cord
                     Locations
                         Right hemisphere
                         Left hemisphere

                         Thalamus

                         Front Cerebellum




June 2012                             Biology 120: Medical Terminology               9
Brain Tumor
                What is a Brain Tumor?
                     An intracranial mass,
                     Either benign or malignant
                         Benign   Tumor
                               Can be fatal; causes pressure on normal brain tissue
                         MalignantTumor
                             Cancerous

                             Generally progressive and recurring




June 2012                             Biology 120: Medical Terminology                 10
Dementia
                Progressive loss of cognitive ability
                Impairment on performing daily activities
                Common in the elderly
                Symptoms present for over 6 months




June 2012                      Biology 120: Medical Terminology   11
Alzheimer Disease
                Form of dementia
                No cure
                Chronic mental disorder
                Loss of memory, disorientation
                Symptoms get worse with time
                Occurs in people age 40-65
                     Earlier than age 40, early-onset Alzheimer Disease




June 2012                          Biology 120: Medical Terminology        12
Medical Terminology
                Neur/o – pertaining to nervous system
                Neurology-study of nervous system

                Neurologist- someone who studies nervous
                 system
                Neuroma- swelling of brain, cancerous tumor in
                 brain




June 2012                  Biology 120: Medical Terminology   13
References
                Fremgen, Bonnie F., and Suzanne S. Frucht.
                    Medical Terminology: A Living Language.
                    Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice
                    Hall, 2009. Print.
                Rosenberg, Robin S., and Stephen M.
                    Kosslyn. Abnormal Psychology. 1st ed.
                    Worth Publishers, 2011. Print.




June 2012                     Biology 120: Medical Terminology   14

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Bio120_The Brain_Galvez_PPWK2

  • 1. The Brain Presentation 2 Cynthia Galvez June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 1
  • 2. The Brain June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 2
  • 3. What is a brain?   Part of the Nervous System   Coordinates most of the bodies activities   One of the largest organs in the body   Center of all though, memory, judgment, emotions   Each part of the brain is responsible for controlling different body functions June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 3
  • 4. Four Main Sections of the Brain   Cerebrum   Cerebellum   Diencephalon   Brain Stem June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 4
  • 5. Cerebrum   Largest section of the brain   Located in upper section   Processes thoughts   Judgments   Memory   Divided into left and right halves   Cerebral hemisphere   4 lobes in each hemisphere 1.  Frontal Lobe: controls motor function, personality, speech 2.  Parietal Lobe: explains language, analyzes nerve impulses 3.  Occipital Lobe: Vision 4.  Temporal Lobe: Hearing, smell June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 5
  • 6. Cerebellum   2nd largest section of the brain   Coordinates body movement   Maintains equilibrium   Maintains Balance June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 6
  • 7. Diencephalon   Located bellow the cerebrum   Thalamus   Composed of gray matter   Center for transmitting impulses from eyes, ears and skin to cerebrum   Controls pain   Hypothalamus   Controls systems   Autonomic nervous system   Cardiovascular system   Digestive system   Release hormones from pituitary gland June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 7
  • 8. Brain Stem   3 components   Midbrain   Connects brain impulses and spinal cord   Pons   Connects cerebellum and brain   Medulla oblongata   Connects brain to spinal cord   Controls respiration, heart rate, temperature and blood pressure June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 8
  • 9. Brain Cavities   Four cavities known as ventricles   Ventricles contains Cerebrospinal fluid   A protection fluid that prevents shock or movement to brain and spinal cord   Locations   Right hemisphere   Left hemisphere   Thalamus   Front Cerebellum June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 9
  • 10. Brain Tumor   What is a Brain Tumor?   An intracranial mass,   Either benign or malignant   Benign Tumor   Can be fatal; causes pressure on normal brain tissue   MalignantTumor   Cancerous   Generally progressive and recurring June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 10
  • 11. Dementia   Progressive loss of cognitive ability   Impairment on performing daily activities   Common in the elderly   Symptoms present for over 6 months June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 11
  • 12. Alzheimer Disease   Form of dementia   No cure   Chronic mental disorder   Loss of memory, disorientation   Symptoms get worse with time   Occurs in people age 40-65   Earlier than age 40, early-onset Alzheimer Disease June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 12
  • 13. Medical Terminology   Neur/o – pertaining to nervous system   Neurology-study of nervous system   Neurologist- someone who studies nervous system   Neuroma- swelling of brain, cancerous tumor in brain June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 13
  • 14. References   Fremgen, Bonnie F., and Suzanne S. Frucht. Medical Terminology: A Living Language. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall, 2009. Print.   Rosenberg, Robin S., and Stephen M. Kosslyn. Abnormal Psychology. 1st ed. Worth Publishers, 2011. Print. June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 14