Becoming a Tech-Savvy Translator and Interpreter in the Digital Age

Welcome
everyone
to
this
celebra2on
of
our
2014
translators
and
interpreters
day
in
the
ProZ.com
pla>orm.
My
talk
is
about
becoming
a
tech-‐savvy
translator
and
interpreter
in
the
Digital
Age
1

2
Presentation delivered at
PROZ.COM event:
2014 International
Translation & Interpreting Day

My name is Claudia Brauer and I am a ProZ.com professional trainer and I am
the owner of Brauertraining, a web-based school for translators and
interpreters!

Please write any questions on the Q&A panel and if I do not answer them
immediately we will try to answer them during the Q&A session!

Please
close
any
other
programs
as
they
consume
bandwidth
and
interfere
with
your
sound
and
video
recep2on.

Today
we
are
going
to
talk
about
the
Language
Services
Model,
the
Interpre2ng
and
transla2on
process
in
the
21st
Century,
specific
electronic
and
digital
tools
and
a
large
amount
of
resources
we
will
provide
for
your
future
reference.,

At
the
end
of
this
presenta2on
you
will
receive
several
links.
One
to
a
Wikispace
page
I
have
created
as
a
companion
to
this
talk
which
contains
all
the
links
you
need
so
that
you
are
not
scrambling
during
the
talk
to
be
joOng
down
websites
and
names.
Likewise,
I
have
created
a
Forum
so
that
aQer
today
we
can
con2nue
the
discussion
on
this
important
topic.
And
for
your
reference,
you
will
receive
access
to
a
video
recording
of
this
presenta2on
as
well
as
the
en2re
deck
of
PowerPoint
slides.
7

Last
year
I
coined
and
published
the
new
term
Transinterpreter,
a
union
of
a
translator
and
an
interpreter.
I
believe
that
the
technology
revolu2on
in
our
profession
will
also
drive
both
arms
of
this
one
body
to
work
in
unison
and
in
a
couple
of
decades
there
will
be
no
differen2a2on
as
to
the
role
of
the
translator
or
the
role
of
the
interpreter
but
rather,
both
roles
will
complement
each
other
in
a
professional
called
the
TRANSINTERPRETER.
9

Un2l
the
end
of
the
20th
Century
we
as
professionals
were
Translators
or
interpreters
as
each
requires
different
skill
sets.
10

Translators
must
first
and
foremost
have
command
of
two
languages,
have
the
ability
to
exercise
judgment
and
apply
a
transla2on
methodology,
be
familiar
with
the
cultural
context
of
both
languages,
have
knowledge
of
terminology
in
specialized
fields,
and
have
the
ability
to
finalize
the
product
within
2me
constraints
and
according
to
specifica2ons.
11

Interpreters
must
have
command
of
two
languages
in
spoken
and
wri]en
format
(if
the
language
has
a
script)
and
must
be
able
to
choose
expressions
in
the
target
language
that
fully
convey
and
best
matches
the
meaning
of
the
source
language,
faithfully
and
accurately
convey
that
meaning,
reflec2ng
the
style,
register,
and
cultural
context
of
the
source
message,
without
omissions,
addi2ons
or
embellishments.
12

I
believe
that
in
the
21st
Century
translators
will
need
to
also
have
some
of
the
skills
reserved
for
interpreters
and
interpreters
will
have
to
develop
some
of
the
skills
normally
associated
with
translators
13

Recently,
Barry
Olsen
and
Katharine
Allen
of
InterpretAmerica
stated
that
the
old
service
delivery
models
are
losing
relevancy
as
the
internet
has
become
ever
more
omnipresent
and
technological
pla>orms
now
allow
communica2on
scaled
to
thousands
of
millions
of
people
14

They
state
that
transla2on
and
interpre2ng
are
struggling
to
respond
to
clients
who
want
instant
and
on-‐demand
communica2on
that
requires
a
mix
of
tradi2onal
transla2on
and
interpre2ng
with
new
hybrid
communica2on
models
that
blend
technology,
automa2on,
and
large
scale
access
to
live
language
professionals.
15

In
the
21st
Century
we
will
be
Transinterpreters,
working
as
a
translator
and
interpreter
at
the
same
2me.
16

I
also
believe
that
learning
technology
is
equivalent
to
learning
another
language.
Technology
in
itself
is
a
whole
separate
language
that
we
need
to
learn
in
order
to
perform
in
the
digital
age.
17

Lets
suppose
we
are
language
interpreters
in
the
language
combina2on
English
to
French.
18

If
we
were
going
to
become
ASL
interpreters
in
that
language
combina2on,
we
would
first
have
to
fully
learn
American
sign
language
19

But
that
is
not
enough
because
we
would
need
to
learn
the
differences
with
the
French
Sign
Language
20

Same
with
technology.
We
need
to
learn
the
skills
as
if
we
were
learning
American
Sign
Language
PLUS
French
Sign
language
techniques
21

We
need
not
only
learn
about
the
technology
but
more
important
than
that,
we
need
to
prac2ce
with
it
to
acquire
the
skill
needed
to
work
with
the
technology.
That
takes
2me
and
money
and
we
need
to
be
ready
and
available
to
make
that
investment.
Technology
is
no
longer
a
op2on,
it
is
a
requirement
of
the
Digital
Age,
at
least
in
the
world
of
business.
22

Lets
talk
then
about
Transla2on
Tools.
These
are
tools
that
are
involved
in
the
actual
transla2on
process,
Specifically
designed
to
work
with
at
least
one
source
text
and
one
target
text
at
the
same
2me
and
establish
rela2onships
between
both
texts
on
a
segment
level
or
on
the
whole
text
level.
In
some
cases
they
are
combined
with
another
type
of
soQware
that
belongs
to
another
category,
such
as
word
processors
or
terminology
databases
or
machine
transla2on
programs.
23

A
paper
en2tled
Transla2on
Technologies
Scope
Tools
and
resources
quotes
the
Hutchins
and
Somers’
scale
for
measuring
transla2on
automa2on
in
terms
of
human
involvement
24

Tradi2onal
human
transla2on
refers
to
transla2on
without
any
kind
of
automa2on,
as
it
is
has
been
carried
out
for
centuries.
25

Machine-‐aided
human
transla2on
includes
any
degree
of
automa2on
in
the
transla2on
process
where
a
mechanical
interven2on
provides
some
kind
of
linguis2c
support.
26

This
category
includes
what
we
know
as
the
translator’s
worksta2on,
which
covers
tools
like
spelling,
grammar
and
style
checkers,
dic2onaries,
thesauri,
encyclopedias
and
other
sources
of
informa2on
or
consult
online
or
other
computer-‐readable
support,
as
well
as
the
storage
and
retrieval
of
documents
and
informa2on.
27

We
then
have
the
category
of
Human-‐aided
machine
transla2on
(HAMT)
refers
to
systems
in
which
the
transla2on
is
essen2ally
carried
out
by
the
program
itself,
but
requires
aid
from
humans
to
resolve
specific
language
problems
arising
from
the
source
text,
or
to
correct
the
resul2ng
target
text.
This
is
what
we
now
call
Post
Edi2ng
Machine
Transla2on.
28

At
the
other
end
of
the
scale
from
tradi2onal
human
transla2on
we
have
fully
automa2c
high
quality
transla2on
(FAHQT),
which
is
transla2on
performed
en2rely
by
the
computer
without
any
kind
of
human
involvement
and
that
is
of
“high
quality”.
It
is
believed
that
such
high
quality
will
be
achieved
in
the
coming
decades.
29

In
this
context,
the
21st
century
language
services
industry
is
completely
and
radically
different
than
it
was
in
the
20th
century
where
three
of
the
four
categories
were
almost
nonexistent
in
terms
of
commercial
access
to
those
technologies,
which
we
have
only
started
using
on
a
global
scale
in
the
past
one
or
two
decades.
30

If we look at Looking at some of the requirements that are posed on
translators and interpreters for jobs and assignments, we can easily recognize
some requirements that did not exist for me when I started working in the
1970’s. Collaboration, communication, Global Awareness, Information and
Technology Literacy for example, were not part of the requirements that were
demanded of us
31

Lets
talk
about
one
of
the
biggest
changes
that
I
perceive
in
our
workplace.
Collabora2on.
In
the
Digital
Age,
most
translators
and
interpreters
are
required
to
work
for
or
with
Language
Service
Providers
and
large
interna2onal
or
corporate
clients
in
new
modali2es
of
large
collabora2ve
projects
not
only
with
other
translators
and
interpreters
but
with
the
many
other
stakeholders
that
are
now
part
of
the
language
services
industry.
32

As
men2oned
previously,
today
translators
oQen
work
in
virtual
teams,
revising
each
others'
work
or
sharing
big
projects.
Project
managers
have
to
manage
big
teams
of
translators.
Freelancers
have
to
meet
and
a]ract
clients.
People
skills
and
playing
well
with
others
are
a
must!
Marke2ng
and
adver2sing
your
work
is
also
going
to
be
very
important
when
working
as
a
freelancer.
.
33

Let
me
make
a
pause
here
to
tell
you
the
story
of
my
history
because
it
illustrates
the
changes
in
the
profession
in
the
past
40
years/

Let
me
make
a
pause
here
to
tell
you
the
story
of
my
history
as
a
translator
and
interpreter
because
it
illustrates
so
well
the
changes
in
the
en2re
profession
and
it
will
give
you
a
perspec2ve
of
the
changes
that
have
been
in
the
past
40
years
and
so
you
can
think
about
the
exponen2al
changes
that
can
occur
in
the
next
40.
So
this
is
a
quick
story
of
my
story
and
I
am
telling
it
to
you
so
that
you
can
gain
some
perspec2ve
of
the
progressive
nature
of
the
changes
in
the
transla2on
and
interpre2ng
profession.
35

So
I
start
transla2ng
and
interpre2ng
in
the
1970’s
in
South
America.
For
transla2on
we
used
typewriters
and
printed
books
and
for
research
we
only
had
the
library
and
the
universi2es.
We
lived
a
totally
isolated
life
and
our
only
compe2tors
were
the
few
translators
who
were
physically
located
near
us.
By
the
1980’s
we
started
working
with
desktop
computers,
which
increased
efficiency
drama2cally.
We
experienced
the
development
of
soQware
and
saw
the
first
laptops
come
into
the
market
and
by
the
same
token
the
profession
started
becoming
a
thriving
business
for
agencies
and
language
service
providers.
In
the
1990’s
the
internet
changed
the
world
and
in
our
profession
CAT
tools
and
the
concept
of
localiza2on
took
roots.
By
the
turn
of
the
millennium,
the
use
of
mobile
technologies
along
with
digital
technologies
and
the
advent
of
social
media
has
totally
transformed
not
only
the
way
we
work
in
our
digital
marketplace
but
more
importantly,
it
has
transformed
the
way
we
communicate
as
human
beings.
36

In
terms
of
interpre2ng,
the
only
interpre2ng
venues
were
large
congress
with
simultaneous
interpre2ng
and
high-‐end
business
mee2ngs
with
consecu2ve.
There
was
not
much
interpre2ng
for
the
general
popula2on
and
we,
the
interpreters,
were
highly
regarded
as
intellectuals.
It
was
a
sophis2cated
profession
delivered
only
in
person
and
almost
exclusively
for
large
corpora2ons.
In
the
1980,
over-‐the-‐phone
interpre2ng
start
penetra2ng
the
market
as
do
services
rendered
at
the
community
level,
in
legal
and
healthcare
seOngs.
In
the
90’s
we
start
seeing
the
first
government
policies
in
several
countries
and
in
the
USA
we
had
the
CLAS
standards
for
Culturally
and
Linguis2cally
Appropriate
Services.
At
the
turn
of
the
millennium
we
start
seeing
remote
video
interpre2ng
for
languages
and
more
recently
the
use
of
digital
and
web-‐based
technologies
for
the
delivery
of
transinterpre2ng
services.
As
happened
with
transla2on,
the
profession
has
changed
radically,
the
modali2es
and
the
venues
have
changed,
the
type
of
people
who
enter
the
profession
changed
and
and
the
advent
of
social
media
has
totally
transformed
not
only
the
way
we
work
in
our
digital
marketplace
but
more
importantly,
I
stress
it
again,
it
has
transformed
the
way
we
communicate
as
human
beings.
37

The
idea
behind
crowdsourcing
is
that
‘the
many’
are
smarter
and
make
be]er
choices
than
‘the
few’,
and
that
the
‘crowd’
has
a
huge
poten2al
for
which
they
oQen
find
no
outlet.
In
previous
years,
Crowdsourcing
meant
by
defini2on
unpaid
services
but
recently
it
has
become
a
paid
collabora2on,
although
I
may
say
that
s2pends
by
their
own
nature
are
very
low.
38

In
accordance
with
the
European
Commission:
Quote
The
changes
brought
about
by
this
new
and
highly
innova2ve
way
of
working
concern
all
facets
of
transla2on.
Crowdsourcing
does
not
affect
merely
the
prac2ce
of
transla2on,
but
has
an
impact
also
on
the
theories
of
transla2on
and
on
the
way
this
ac2vity
is
perceived.
In
par2cular,
since
it
involves
a
large
number
of
people
in
an
ac2vity
usually
regarded
as
quite
invisible,
it
may
help
promote
its
recogni2on
and
visibility,
and
raise
interest
about
it
and
about
the
importance
of
mul2lingualism
in
general.
Last
but
not
least,
as
is
happening
in
other
fields
where
crowdsourcing
is
taking
ground,
by
transforming
the
way
in
which
work
is
performed,
it
will
inevitably
affect
the
professional
prospects
of
translators.
However,
this
does
not
necessarily
mean
that
it
will
jeopardise
the
very
survival
of
this
category,
as
some
fear,
but
obliges
translators
to
face
the
challenge
and
take
on
board
the
posi2ve
aspects
of
these
changes
in
order
to
improve
the
effec2veness
and
efficiency
of
their
work
and
of
the
services
they
offer
to
their
customers.
Unquote
h"p://graspe.eu/document/EU_mul7lingual.pdf
39

The
European
Commission's
Directorate-‐General
for
Transla2on
states
that
there
is
large
agreement
at
all
levels
—
amateurs,
non
profit,
businesses
and
also
ins2tu2onal
organiza2ons
—
that
crowdsourcing
is
not
a
transient
phenomenon;
it
is
a
reality
we
have
to
come
to
terms
with.
The
EU
is
learning
lessons
from
crowdsourcing
and
using
them
to
make
its
own
workflow
more
efficient
and
to
be]er
involve
its
staff,
promo2ng
collabora2on
and
s2mula2ng
exchanges
among
translators.
40

Fansubbing
is
the
sub2tling
of
popular
TV
series
by
fans.
It
is
very
popular
because
it
makes
sub2tling
available
very
rapidly
and
allows
viewers
in
other
countries
to
follow
the
latest
episodes
of
their
favorite
series
immediately
aQer
their
first
release
in
the
United
States,
while
they
would
have
to
wait
months
or
even
years
for
the
commercial
release.
In
the
case
of
the
Bing
Bang
Theory,
for
example,
full
episodes
have
been
released
with
high
quality
Fansubbing
in
as
li]le
as
6
hours
aQer
they
are
first
aired.
41

The
American
Bureau
of
Professional
Translators
has
a
very
telling
image
of
what
is
going
on
in
a
large
por2on
of
the
language
services
industry
today.
We,
the
translators
and
interpreters,
are
but
one
phase
of
the
en2re
process
and
as
individuals
are
but
one
of
the
individuals
involved
in
the
phase
of
transla2on,
interpre2ng
and
edi2ng.
We
may
discuss
our
vital
and
essen2al
role
but
this
graph
is
a
true
representa2on
of
the
process
in
the
21st
Century.
.
42

Moreover,
if
we
look
at
the
different
tasks
involved,
where
each
of
the
above
circles
may
involve
one
or
more
individuals,
you
can
clearly
see
that
there
is
a
conglomerate
of
people
in
today’s
transla2on
process
that
require
collabora2on
and
coordina2on.
And
the
interpre2ng
cycle
is
not
that
different
because
you
have
scheduling
issues
and
a]endance
issues,
and
transporta2on
and
logis2cs,
confiden2ality
and
mul2ple
actors
to
deal
with.
.
43

If
we
look
at
the
process
for
interpre2ng
it
becomes
even
more
complicated,
where
the
interpreter’s
task
is
just
one
of
many
others
to
manage.
44

Most
of
the
work
now
and
increasingly
so
in
the
near
future
goes
through
an
intermediary
called
the
language
service
provider
or
agency.
So
if
you
have
your
direct
clients,
you
have
one
less
step
to
deal
with.
45

Efficiencies
in
Transla2on
Workflow
Process
today
is
key
to
the
delivery
of
transla2on
outputs.
The
quality
of
the
process
is
as
important
of
the
quality
of
the
transla2on
itself.
46

Today,
language
service
providers
and
corpora2ons
use
a
transla2on
management
server
or
a
transla2on
workbench
to
manage
their
transla2on
workflow
and
to
ensure
that
the
adequate
resources,
terminology
and
transla2on
memories
are
used,
that
the
handover
of
work
from
user
to
user
is
completed
quickly
and
without
mistakes
introduced
by
the
process
itself.
47

As
a
result
of
this
technifica2on,
new
professions
have
been
created.
One
of
them
is
the
Transla2on
Project
Manager,
whose
responsibili2es
include
for
example:
Understand
projects
scopes
and
communicate
effec2vely
with
clients;
Provide
es2mates
according
to
contracts
requirements;
Manage
a
team
of
linguists,
vendors
and
in-‐house
resources;
Create
vendors
work
orders
and
maintain
produc2on
matrices;
Assign
tasks
and
responsibili2es
to
projects
related
team
members;
Deliver
projects
and
assignments
to
clients
on
2me;
Perform
projects
closeouts
and
invoice
properly
and
Maintain
a
high
level
of
clients’
sa2sfac2on.
48

Another
professional
that
has
evolved
from
this
technifica2on
is
the
Language
Quality
Assurance
Specialist,
who
is
defined
to
be
responsible
for
maintaining
linguis2c
resources
for
specific
domains
and
languages;
provide
insight
to
solve
linguis2c
challenges
in
linguis2c
technology;
iden2fy
linguis2c
pa]erns
and
proposes
improvements
to
exis2ng
solu2ons
or
work
on
new
processes
and
workflows.
49

The
new
descrip2on
of
terminologist
requires
the
proficient
use
of
terminology
management
tools,
manage
user
interface
and
controls,
deals
with
data
models
to
select
or
reject
terms,
uses
web-‐based
and
proprietary
tools
that
foster
collabora2on
among
the
terminology
stakeholders
of
an
organiza2on,
and
ensures
compliance
with
industry
standards
while
upda2ng
the
terminology
database
and
integra2ng
it
into
transla2on
memory
tools
and
content
management
systems.
.
50

There
is
an
increased
demand
for
translators
with
skills
in
informa2on
technology
to
work
in
language
engineering,
which
is
a
whole
field
of
compu2ng
that
uses
specialized
tools
to
process
natural
languages
for
applica2ons
such
as
speech
synthesis
and
machine
transla2on.
51

We
have
tradi2onally
associated
literacy
with
the
ability
to
read
and
write.
But
in
the
21st
Century
we
are
seeing
an
equal
need
to
have
visual
global
and
digital
literacy.
52

We
now
need
to
develop
the
ability
to
communicate
digitally
with
an
expanding
community;
we
need
to
be
able
to
read,
interpret,
respond
and
contextualize
messages
from
a
global
perspec2ve;
we
need
to
have
the
ability
to
use
computers
and
other
technology
to
improve
our
produc2vity
and
performance;
and
we
need
to
develop
the
ability
to
understand,
produce
and
communicate
through
visual
images;
plus
the
ability
to
find,
evaluate
and
synthesize
informa2on.
53

In
accordance
with
the
Transla2on
Directorate
of
the
European
Union,
The
demand
for
transla2on
and
language
services
is
exploding
and
the
resources
available
cannot
keep
up
with
such
demand.
This
evolu2on
adds
to
the
radical
changes
that
are
affec2ng
the
way
the
profession
is
perceived,
and
even
more,
the
way
it
will
be
performed
in
the
future.
54

…new
tools,
together
with
the
other
changes
and
developments
connected
to
the
new
Internet
culture,
therefore,
appear
as
the
only
viable
op2on
to
help
translators
cope
with
the
pressure
they
have
to
work
under…
55

The
new
developments
will
not
sweep
away
translators,
but
it
is
a
fact
that
they
will
impose
far-‐reaching
adapta2ons
in
the
way
the
profession
is
conceived
and
performed.
Industrial
companies
use
sophis2cated
soQware
and
tools
in
all
areas
of
document
produc2on
including
transla2on.
All
kinds
of
text
produc2on
whether
monolingual,
or
mul2lingual
are
highly
computerized.
56

Lets
now
talk
about
Interpreters
of
the
21st
Century.
Keep
in
mind
what
we
talked
about
the
transinterpreter,
this
is,
if
you
are
a
translator
do
not
simply
discard
this
sec2on
because
you
are
not
an
interpreter
at
present.
You
might
soon
find
yourself
in
need
of
these
skills.
57

Today, Interpreters work in person, over the phone, remotely by video, or using
web based technologies.!

I believe that Face to Face interpreting will progressively be replaced by
remote interpreting except for some few niches like surgeries, complex
litigation or high stake political meetings, and other very specific and sporadic
assignments. Most interpreting will be done over the phone, or using computer
video or the web. So in person or face to face interpreting will slowly become
the real of specialization for a few.!
!
!

Over the phone interpreting is now being used in the United States and other
Western Countries by most large hospitals, social service and government
agencies, major retailers, the financial sector and even the courts. To become
a phone interpreter you need special skills to work without the visual cues of a
face to face encounter and you need to learn to deal with a large amount of
interferences that do not exist in the personal encounter.!

Video remote interpreting is quickly becoming one of the tools of choice used
by hospitals, the court system and retailers. Additionally, the availability of
video remote interpreting using mobile technologies has expanded this service
to the common citizen all over the world. Again, special skills are required to
handle the static video transmission along with a high understanding of
technology to be able to solve the many technical issues that may arise during
each call.!

Web-based interpreting is also gaining ground as one of the futuristic options
for large corporations and government agencies, and here Transinterpreters
will be the norm.!

Web-based interpreting is also gaining ground as one of the futuristic options
that allow large corporations and government agencies, including the military,
to access the services of Transinterpreters for many different types of service
scenarios.!
,
63

Predicted
to
transform
IT
over
the
next
decade,
cloud
compu2ng
is
an
emerging
trend
that
provides
rapid
access
to
dynamically
scalable
and
virtualized
IT
resources
from
any
loca2on,
using
virtually
any
device.
Cloud
compu2ng
is
a
smart
acquisi2on
and
a
service
delivery
model
that
is
highly
scalable.
.
64

For
thousands
of
years,
the
consecu2ve
mode
of
interpre2ng
was
the
norm,
as
it
requires
no
technology
at
all.
AQer
World
War
II,
innova2ons
in
technology
allowed
for
the
appearance
of
a
new
modality,
called
Simultaneous.
Let
me
tell
you
now
about
a
new
modality
for
interpreters
in
addi2on
to
simultaneous
and
consecu2ve
65

But
now
a
new
modality
has
emerged,
called
Sim-‐Consec.
Ester
Navarro
and
others
have
developed
and
are
ac2vely
teaching
it.
It
is
a
combina2on
of
simultaneous
and
consecu2ve
plus
portable
technology
and
it
is
quickly
becoming
the
technique
of
choice
in
many
seOngs,
including
the
courts.
I
found
it
listed
in
two
of
the
California
Courts
list
of
courses,
so
you
can
be
sure
that
it
will
soon
become
mainstream.
66

So
this
digital
pen
and
dot-‐paper
technology
is
already
here
and
it
will
be
used
not
only
by
interpreters
but
also
by
translators
working
in
the
field
or
crea2ng
interac2ve
transla2ons
or
interac2ve
terminology
bases
67

In
accordance
with
Ester
Navarro,
the
technique
is
making
its
mark
as
a
tool
of
choice
also
in
conferences
and
community
interpre2ng.
The
interpreter
basically
records
the
original
rendi2on
by
the
speaker
and
does
a
simultaneous
interpreta2on
immediately
aQerwards,
while
s2ll
having
the
consecu2ve
notes
as
a
backup.
68

Michele
Ferrar
also
talks
about
the
simultaneous
consecu2ve
as
an
unobtrusive
tool
that
associates
what
you
write
with
what
is
being
said;
so
you
record
the
speaker
and
play
it
back
to
yourself
and
perform
a
simultaneous
interpreta2on,
which
allows
you
to
accelerate
or
slow
down
playback
in
real
2me.
69

Let
me
now
tell
you
about
another
thing.

Dragon
naturally
speaking
soQware
is
changing
how
we
work
because
many
translators
are
no
longer
typing
their
transla2ons
but
interpre2ng
them
and
speaking
them
out
to
the
computer
and
then
edi2ng
them
in
wri2ng.
This
is
the
perfect
example
of
voice
to
text
technologies
that
are
becoming
very
common
in
our
world.
71

As
we
men2oned
earlier
when
talking
about
the
big
bang
theory,
sub2tling
is
one
of
the
voice-‐to-‐text
op2ons
that
has
made
transinterpre2ng
popular
in
communi2es
that
do
not
speak
English
or
other
of
the
dominant
languages.
Many
of
the
films
that
come
out
of
Hollywood
are
seen
in
other
countries
with
sub2tles
for
non-‐English
speakers.
72

Audiovisual
Transla2on
or
Sub2tling
requires
skills
in
a
variety
of
registers
and
styles
by
transla2ng
texts
and
programs
of
an
audiovisual
nature.
These
pose
challenges
to
the
translator
because
it
is
necessary
to
be
very
crea2ve
to
leave
the
audience
enough
2me
to
read
the
sub2tles.
Sub2tling
soQware
like
VisualSubSync,
Sabbu,
Aegisub
and
SSATool
are
easy
to
use.
73

Transla2ng
audiovisual
material
for
voiceover
and
dubbing
pose
other
challenges
to
the
transinterpreter,
because
it
is
necessary
to
be
very
crea2ve
to
synchronize
the
lip
movements
with
the
transla2on
Audiovisuals
come
from
various
sources
(films,
corporate
videos,
documentaries,
series,
anima2on)
and
covering
a
broad
range
of
specialized
genres
and
media
issues.
You
need
to
produce
your
own
transla2ons
with
appropriate
soQware
and
equipment.
74

Other
innova2ve
technologies
now
made
available
to
interpreters
are
those
that
provide
rela2vely
easy
access
to
larger
global
market
by
offering
interpreters
a
pla>orm
to
work
remotely
from
their
homes.
75

Duolingo
is
another
disruptor
in
the
market.
This
graphic
shows
the
28
different
language
pair
combina2ons
that
Duolingo
is
currently
offering
at
any
given
2me.
This
goes
to
the
heart
of
why
technology
in
the
form
of
video,
phone
and
web-‐based
technologies
is
growing
at
an
exponen2al
pace.
It
is
really
impossible
in
terms
of
the
economics
for
any
organiza2on
to
have
28
or
more
interpreters
in
different
language
pair
combina2ons
available
to
respond
immediately
to
the
growing
mul2lingual
demands
placed
on
the
organiza2on.
76

Parallel
to
this,
David
Frankel
of
ZipDX
talked
about
bringing
simultaneous
interpre2ng
to
virtual
mee2ngs
and
the
unique
requirements
of
a
virtual
or
remote
mul2lingual
interac2on
with
technology
as
the
cornerstone
to
successful
communica2on.
David
states
that
making
the
magic
of
simultaneous
interpre2ng
available
to
the
much
broader
interna2onal
audience
through
teleconferencing
and
videoconferencing
and
webcasts
can
avoid
the
2me
and
expense
of
travel
and
the
need
for
specialized
equipment.
77

Transinterpreters
are
also
being
called
to
work
as
translators
and
interpreters
in
real
2me
in
all
sort
of
chaOng
environments.

78

The
other
big
change
here
is
related
to
new
cloud
intranets
that
are
communica2ng
thousands
of
workers
around
the
world.
An
intranet
is
a
private
network
that
is
contained
within
an
enterprise.
It
may
consist
of
many
interlinked
local
area
networks
and
also
use
leased
lines
in
the
wide
area
network.
Typically,
an
intranet
includes
connec2ons
through
one
or
more
gateway
computers
to
the
outside
Internet.
The
main
purpose
of
an
intranet
is
to
share
company
informa2on
and
compu2ng
resources
among
employees.
An
intranet
can
also
be
used
to
facilitate
working
in
groups
and
for
teleconferences.
Transinterpreters
are
now
being
called
to
ac2vely
par2cipate
in
the
everyday
interac2ons
that
are
taking
place
within
intranets
all
over
the
world
between
workers
of
a
same
company
who
speak
a
mul2tude
of
other
languages.
79

Transinterpreters
now
not
only
par2cipate
in
mul2lingual
webcasts
but
addi2onally
those
webcasts
may
be
sharing
documents
among
a]endees
and
several
of
the
interpreters
might
be
be
requested
to
interpret
the
content
of
documents
that
are
being
shared.
80

There
is
also
a
whole
new
segment
of
interpre2ng
that
is
dedicated
to
instant
interpre2ng
of
wri]en
texts
over
the
internet,
for
example
emails,
so
the
person
calls
you,
shares
their
screen,
shows
you
the
email
and
you
read
it
to
them
in
the
target
language;
just
as
you
would
for
example
with
a
document
presented
in
court
or
a
pa2ent
consent
during
an
interpre2ng
in
a
hospital
81

Transla2on
Apps
are
being
sponsored
even
by
the
United
Na2ons.
This
shows
you
how
these
technologies
are
quickly
becoming
mainstream
82

A
recent
ar2cle
in
Transla2on
Automa2on
wri]en
by
Kevin
Henzdel
talks
specifically
about
this,
and
I
recommend
that
you
read
it.
He
states
that
voice
recogni2on
may
well
be
the
most
disrup2ve
transla2on
technology
you
have
never
heard
of.
So,
now
you
have
and
hopefully
you
go
out
there
and
do
your
homework.
83

Voice
recogni2on
technologies
are
becoming
more
sophis2cated
and
able
of
receiving
voice
messages
in
a
source
language,
transferring
it
to
text
automa2cally,
performing
some
machine
transla2on
to
the
target
language,
and
returning
that
text
to
voice.
84

The
other
huge
trend
that
I
see
coming
is
that
machine
transla2on
paired
with
voice
recogni2on
technologies
edited
by
a
transinterpreter.
85

Let
me
give
some
real
life
examples
of
what
is
going
on.
As
a
ma]er
of
policy,
the
U.S.
na2onal
center
on
immigrant
integra2on
is
promo2ng
the
use
of
technology
to
service
limited
English
proficient
individuals.
This
is
a
ma]er
of
policy.
86

This
chart
shows
the
organiza2on
of
interpre2ng
technologies,
star2ng
with
interpreter
based,
which
includes
remote
consecu2ve,
remote
simultaneous
and
remote
audiovisual
as
well
as
mul2ple
listener
and
the
interpreter
network.
It
also
covers
automated
interpre2ng
technology,
including
one
way
and
two
way
interpre2ng.
.
87

The
appendices
clearly
define
each
of
these
possible
uses,
what
it
does,
what
the
benefits
and
the
drawbacks
are
and
the
example
of
users.
88

Likewise
for
the
automated
technologies
it
explains
what
one
way
or
two
pay
stands
for
and
what
it
does
as
well
as
it
drawbacks
and
then
clearly
shows
the
users
of
such
technologies.
This
chart
in
par2cular
is
extremely
telling
because
if
you
see
this
column,
it
is
not
one
user
or
two
users,
it
is
mul2ple
organiza2ons
at
the
government
and
military
levels
who
are
already
using
the
technology.
89

Another
real
life
example
is
the
Florida
Trial
Courts
system,
which
has
also
published
a
document
to
become
policy
on
the
standards
of
opera2on
in
the
use
of
remote
interpre2ng
technology.
90

This
document
addresses
some
of
the
key
drawbacks
in
terms
of
technology
barriers
and
how
to
address
them,
which
to
me
indicates
they
are
moving
forward
and
expect
the
users
to
be
aware
of
the
barriers
and
plan
on
solving
them
before
they
become
a
problem.
91

Even
the
United
Na2ons
is
sponsoring
simultaneous
transla2on
apps
for
adobe
connect.
This
just
to
show
you
that
these
technologies
are
very
close
to
becoming
mainstream
92

Where
is
the
future?
There
are
more
than
20
million
SERVICE
robots
which
are
robot
that
operate
semi-‐autonomously
or
fully
autonomously
in
the
world
performing
jobs
that
are
considered
dull,
distant,
dangerous
or
repe22ve.
The
number
of
service
robots
is
increasing
exponen2ally
throughout
the
world
and
they
are
equipped
with
mul2lingual
and
interac2ve
capabili2es.
.
93

We
are
going
to
watch
a
3
minute
video
by
Intel
that
talks
about
a
service
robot
that
is
customized
to
your
needs
and
that
YOU
will
print
with
YOUR
3D
printer
in
YOUR
home
or
office.
94

Intel
has
created
an
open
source
robot
that
can
be
printed
on
a
3D
printer
and
programmed
to
do
whatever
you
might
like.
Every
2me
you
hear
a
ques2on
about
the
future
in
the
video,
think
about
how
it
does
apply
to
the
future
of
transla2on.
It
does
take
years
to
train
yourselves
to
prepare
for
what
the
future
will
require
of
each
of
you.
95

You
need
to
start
thinking
of
yourself
in
more
technical
terms
than
you
might
up
to
now.
It
is
impera2ve
that
you
take
the
training
that
you
need,
that
you
really
look
at
this
issue
very
carefully,
and
that
you
set
aside
large
amounts
of
2me
to
prac2ce
and
become
acquainted
with
the
different
tools
for
translators
that
are
popping
up
all
over
the
place.
96

I
want
to
make
sure
that
you
understand
that
you
have
a
steep
learning
curve
ahead
of
you
and
that
you
should
take
it
seriously
as
part
of
an
essen2al
part
of
your
professional
development
if
you
want
to
keep
up
with
the
2mes
and
be
able
to
offer
your
current
and
future
clients
the
services
that
they
will
need,
when
and
how
they
need
them.
I
will
give
you
a
trick
here,
the
only
way
to
accelerate
a
learning
curve
is
by
intensifying
the
amount
of
2me
that
you
dedicate
to
prac2ce
whatever
skill
you
are
trying
to
master.
97

So
it
is
in
the
doing
that
you
master
a
skill
and
the
more
you
do
it
the
be]er
you
get
at
doing
it,
but
if
you
only
do
it
here
and
there,
you
will
loose
momentum
and
your
brain
and
muscles
will
forget
what
they
were
learning
and
then
every
2me
you
come
back
you
will
have
forgo]en
something
of
what
you
were
learning.
98

One
of
the
other
issues
that
has
changed
drama2cally
for
translators
and
interpreters
in
the
last
15
years
is
the
abundance
of
resources
available
to
us
thanks
to
the
internet.
You
must
become
very
proficient
in
the
use
of
the
internet
so
that
you
really
find
and
use
all
resources
available
to
you.
You
have
to
become
proficient
in
internet
search
opera2ons,
for
example,
to
be
able
to
quickly
find
all
that
you
may
not
even
know
that
you
need.
I
even
teach
two
courses
specifically
on
this
topic
but
there
are
many
others
out
there.
99

To
give
you
an
example,
there
are
many
other
electronic
job
boards
and
pla>orms
that
cater
specifically
to
the
language
services
industry
and
allow
you
to
find
sources
of
jobs
by
country
or
language
they
serve,
by
specializa2on
or
many
other
characteris2cs.
The
ones
on
the
screen
are
just
some
of
the
most
common
from
the
many
available
in
the
internet.
You
need
to
learn
to
search
and
find
the
informa2on,
analyze
it
and
discard
or
use
it
and
do
it
quickly
and
efficiently.
.
100

One
of
the
common
pla>orms
to
find
and
engage
collabora2on
are
TranslatorsCafe
and
ProZ.com.
TranslatorsCafe
has
a
very
good
job
board
and
once
you
register
you
can
receive
periodic
no2fica2ons
for
any
assignments
that
come
up
for
your
language
pair
and
specializa2on.
You
can
also
research
agencies
and
par2cipate
in
the
discussion
.forums.
101

And
obviously
my
favorite
one
is
ProZ.
I
promise
you
I
am
not
being
paid
by
ProZ
to
tell
you
this,
but
if
anything
today
I
really
urge
you
to
spend
a
lot
of
2me
looking
at
all
the
different
opportuni2es
for
growth
that
the
site
is
designed
to
offer
you.
It
is
a
marketplace
and
a
workspace
where
collabora2on
is
at
the
core
of
the
business.
102

Probably
as
many
of
you,
I
came
to
know
of
ProZ
because
of
its
wonderful
online
glossaries
and
live
term
transla2on
discussions.
I
have
ProZ
on
the
top
of
my
list
of
glossaries
I
consult
and
it
is
a
fantas2c
tool.
103

In
terms
of
technical
informa2on
and
help,
be
sure
to
check
out
the
technical
forums
at
ProZ
and
other
transla2on
and
interpre2ng
sites.
ProZ
is
designed
as
a
marketplace
and
a
workspace
where
collabora2on
is
at
the
core
of
the
business
and
offers
you
comprehensive
lists
of
transla2on
companies
and
language
job
outsources
104

There
are
lots
of
ques2ons
about
all
the
modern
tools
that
we
must
start
using
to
con2nue
being
part
of
the
profession
in
the
21st
Century.
Many
of
your
ques2ons
will
be
answered
in
the
technical
forums
and
support
groups
and
if
they
are
not,
then
you
can
start
the
conversa2on
and
have
expert
users
or
representa2ves
from
the
soQware
companies
help
you
solve
our
issues.
Make
sure
to
use
these
and
many
other
similar
resources
that
are
available
to
you
via
the
internet.
105

You
may
also
par2cipate
in
online
as
well
as
offline
events,
which
are
called
Powwows.
This
is
a
fantas2c
cross
over
between
technology
and
good
old
face
to
face
connec2ons.
And
if
you
are
a
professional,
you
can
get
yourself
cer2fied
in
the
PRO
network.
I
am
highligh2ng
all
this
because
all
the
op2ons
that
I
have
addressed
are
the
types
of
resources
and
tools
that
you
find,
not
only
in
ProZ
but
in
many
other
sites
of
the
internet
and
that
really
can
help
you
in
your
work.
You
will
find
that
the
community
of
colleagues
has
really
embraced
the
discussion
of
down
to
earth
topics
and
every
day
issues
and
problems
faced
by
translators
and
interpreters
all
over
the
world.
106

Lets
now
talk
about
translators.

I
believe that in a couple of years or more there will be no translations done
from scratch as we have been doing for thousands of years. In this respect,
this will be the single most important concept for many translators to
understand. That translation as we know it, where you sit down with a
document in a source language and a blank screen or piece of paper, that in
itself will be no more.!
108

Computer-‐assisted
transla2on,
computer-‐aided
transla2on,
or
CAT
is
a
form
of
transla2on
wherein
a
human
translator
translates
texts
using
computer
soQware
designed
to
support
and
facilitate
the
transla2on
process.
CAT
tools
speed
up
the
transla2on
process
either
with
the
help
of
transla2on
memories
when
working
with
very
repe22ve
texts
or
using
transla2on
soQware
for
texts
wri]en
using
controlled
language
109

CAT
tools
are
seldom
sufficient
for
obtaining
a
final
product.
They
do
help
translators
in
their
task,
but
do
not
create,
from
scratch,
the
specific
format
the
client
asks
for.
Common
CAT
tools
speed
up
the
transla2on
process
and
improve
the
quality
of
transla2ons.
110

A
CAT
tool
segments
the
text
to
be
translated
in
segments
or
sentences
and
presents
the
segments
in
a
convenient
way,
to
make
transla2ng
easier
and
faster.
The
segments
are
presented
in
a
way
that
you
can
enter
the
transla2on
right
below
the
source
text.
This
enables
a
translator
to
compare
source
and
transla2on
directly
without
having
to
look
at
two
different
places.
111

A
basic
func2on
of
a
CAT
tool
is
to
store
the
transla2on
units
in
a
transla2on
memory
(TM)
and
to
automa2cally
look
up
the
TM
when
a
new
segment
has
to
be
translated.
Any
result
of
the
TM
search
is
presented
in
a
convenient
way
so
that
it
can
be
re-‐used
by
the
translator.
112

Another
basic
func2on
of
a
CAT
tool
is
the
automa2c
look-‐up
in
terminology
databases,
and
the
automa2c
display
and
inser2on
of
the
search
results.
Terminological
consistency
should
be
of
utmost
importance
when
transla2ng
in
group
and/or
dealing
with
a
big
transla2on
project
and
terminology
management
tools
help
improve
accuracy
during
the
transla2on
process.
113

To
enable
the
translator
to
save
these
texts
in
a
TM,
many
CAT
tools
offer
a
special
tool
called
an
"alignment
program”.
So
these
tools
align
a
source
text
and
its
transla2on
which
can
then
be
analyzed.
114

Concordances,
are
programs
that
retrieve
instances
of
a
word
or
an
expression
and
their
respec2ve
context
in
a
monolingual,
bilingual
or
mul2lingual
corpus,
such
as
a
bitext
or
a
transla2on
memory
115

Full-‐text
search
tools
(or
indexers),
allow
the
user
to
query
already
translated
texts
or
reference
documents
of
various
kinds
116

Quality
checking
through
automa2c
watch
list
checking,
or
through
applying
formal
rules
117

A
client
portal
is
an
electronic
gateway
to
a
collec2on
of
digital
files,
services,
and
informa2on,
accessible
over
the
Internet
through
a
web
browser.
The
term
is
most
oQen
applied
to
a
sharing
mechanism
where
the
organiza2on
provides
a
secure
entry
point
that
lets
its
clients
log
into
an
area
where
they
can
view,
download,
and
upload
private
informa2on.
118

Let
me
first
introduce
you
to
two
terms.
Wisiwig
means
what
you
see
is
what
you
get.
Hypertext
Markup
Language
is
a
standardized
system
for
tagging
text
files
to
achieve
font,
color,
graphic,
and
hyperlink
effects
on
World
Wide
Web
pages.
Translators
are
well
advised
to
become
familiar
with
the
HTML
syntax
although,
as
men2oned
previously,
some
of
today’s
HTML
editors
allow
you
to
work
on
web
pages
with
powerful
WYSIWYG
119

Modern
CAT
tools
for
web
localiza2on
help
the
translator
by
preserving
HTML
tags
and
presen2ng
previews
of
the
transla2on
in
a
browser.
Having
a
mul2lingual
website
is
the
reason
why
web
localiza2on
has
gradually
become
a
sought
aQer
service
in
today's
market.
Today
there
are
CAT
tools
that
help
the
translator
by
preserving
HTML
tags,
allow
the
use
of
glossaries
or
transla2on
memories,
and
present
previews
of
the
transla2on
in
a
browser.
120

In
order
to
translate
soQware,
it
is
necessary
to
deal
with
localiza2on
tools
to
either
extract
all
menu,
window
and
message
strings
in
a
single
resource
file
or
to
edit
such
content
with
a
WYSIWYG
localiza2on
toolkit.
For
those
who
wish
to
localize
videogames,
it
is
important
to
note
that
many
companies
place
all
text
strings
into
spreadsheets.
Consequently,
a
good
command
of
spreadsheet
editors
such
as
MicrosoQ
Excel
is
necessary
121

Translators
and
interpreters
are
expected
to
have
the
relevant
skills
to
use
soQware
that
is
based
on
the
cloud.
Two
of
the
most
dominant
cloud
based
Solu2ons
are
XTM
Cloud
and
Memsource
Cloud
which
allow
transla2on,
update
and
localiza2on
of
large
volumes
of
content
and
may
be
used
by
large
organiza2ons
or
individual
freelancers;
they
facilitate
collabora2on
in
a
secure
pla>orm
and
work
in
partnerships
with
several
transla2on
tools
along
with
project
management
capabili2es.
122

Machine
Transla2on
technology
has
been
improved
over
2me
to
produce
results
of
acceptable
quality.
123

For
example,
MicrosoQ
translator
is
designed
to
be
part
of
the
workflow
of
translators
by
plugging
in
your
cat
tool
to
the
translator
which
is
an
automa2c
transla2on
tool,
What
the
translator
does
is
help
with
transla2on
sugges2ons
or
collec2on
of
phrases.
.
124

Interac2ve
machine
transla2on
is
a
paradigm
in
which
the
automa2c
system
a]empts
to
predict
the
transla2on
the
human
translator
is
going
to
produce
by
sugges2ng
transla2on
hypotheses.
Like
tradi2onal
TM
tools,
the
value
of
a
language
search
engine
rests
heavily
on
the
Transla2on
Memory
repository
it
searches
against.
125

Automa2c
machine
transla2on
refers
to
Transla2on
carried
out
by
a
machine,
with
no
human
involvement.
These
systems
can
be
rules-‐based
or
sta2s2cal
machine
transla2on
and
it
can
be
integrated
into
the
transla2on
environment
to
deliver
new
content
faster.
126

An
example
is
Moses,
an
open
source
solu2on,
that
is
already
out
and
available
in
the
market
and
there
is
a
great
amount
of
effort
to
quickly
improve
on
its
quality.
You
have
to
be
aware
that
in
Machine
Transla2on,
the
quality
of
machine
translated
output
varies,
and
it
depends
on
many
things,
including:
the
Quality
and
level
of
standardiza2on
of
the
source
material,
the
transla2on
memories
available,
the
quality
and
size
used
to
train
the
engine,
and
the
language
pair,
amongst
others.
127

Post
edi2ng
machine
transla2on
is
one
of
the
next
steps
that
I
would
recommend
you
look
into
very
close
as
part
of
your
learning
curve
because
in
my
opinion
this
is
where
most
of
the
work
will
be
for
translators
in
the
coming
decades.
So,
to
learn
how
to
do
post
edi2ng,
you
first
have
to
understand
machine
transla2on.
Now
post
edi2ng
machine
transla2on
is
a
li]le
like
our
edi2ng
process
in
regular
transla2on,
only
that
is
is
very
bumpy
and
it
requires
a
different
approach
because
you
will
be
edi2ng
segment
rather
than
en2re
text
and
that
takes
some
2me
to
get
used
to.
128

A
very
good
recent
blog
post
by
Moravia
talks
about
the
difference
between
Light
and
Full
MT
Post-‐Edi2ng.
It
is
crucial
to
know
what
is
the
desired
level
of
output
quality
that
the
client
wants
and
we
oQen
talk
about
two
main
levels
light
post
edi2ng
or
full
post
edi2ng
129

Light
post-‐edi2ng
involves
taking
the
raw
MT
output
and
performing
as
few
modifica2ons
as
possible
to
the
text
in
order
to
make
the
transla2on
understandable,
factually
accurate,
and
gramma2cally
correct.
Light
post-‐edi2ng
tasks
include:
correc2ng
only
the
most
obvious
typos,
word,
and
gramma2cal
errors
rewri2ng
confusing
sentences
par2ally
or
completely
fixing
machine-‐induced
mistakes,
dele2ng
unnecessary
or
extra
transla2on
alterna2ves
generated
by
the
machine
making
key
terminology
consistent,
but
with
no
in-‐depth
term
checking.
130

Full
post-‐edi2ng
is
a
slower
and
more
in-‐depth
pass
to
produce
absolutely
accurate
transla2ons
that
consistently
use
correct
and
approved
terminology,
have
the
appropriate
tone
and
style,
have
no
stylis2c
inconsistencies
and
varia2ons,
and
are
free
from
any
gramma2cal
mistakes.
AQer
this
edit,
the
transla2on
should
read
as
if
wri]en
in
the
target
language.
Full
post-‐edi2ng
tasks
include
all
of
the
light
post-‐
edi2ng
tasks
plus
all
other
edi2ng
and
revision
tasks
to
ensure
perfect
faithfulness
between
the
source
and
the
target
text.
The
expecta2on
is
high:
full
post-‐edited
content
that
must
be
equal
to
human
transla2on
in
all
aspects.
131

Lets
now
take
a
li]le
mental
break

Lets
now
take
a
li]le
mental
break
and
read
some
mistransla2ons
produced
by
both
humans
and
machines.
I
hope
you
laugh
as
much
as
I
have
with
these.
133

Very
well,
so
now
we
will
go
back
to
the
serious
ma]ers
of
transla2on
and
interpre2ng.

Part
of
your
reference
materials
include
a
paper
by
ABRAPT
more
than
10
years
ago
that
talks
about
the
changes
that
technology
is
bringing
to
the
life
of
the
translator
and
iden2fies
the
change
from
working
in
isola2on
to
now
working
in
teams
and
collabora2on.
Reading
this
document
was
very
interes2ng
because
it
hits
right
on
the
nail
of
all
the
developments
that
have
taken
place
during
the
last
10
years
but
it
also
shows
how
many
of
the
tools
seen
as
essen2al
10
years
ago
are
already
obsolete.
145

Another
document
by
Amparo
Alcina
on
Transla2on
Technologies
talks
about
the
technologies
circles
proposed
by
Traduma2ca.
It
iden2fies
the
transla2on
programs,
transla2on
aid
soQware,
programs
for
sending
and
receiving
documents,
accessory
transla2on
soQware
and
general
programs.
We
must
add
now
new
layers
of
programs
and
applica2ons
developed
for
the
digital
age
which
are
impac2ng
our
world
and
the
profession.
146

Doing
my
research
for
this
presenta2on
one
of
the
most
interes2ng
ar2cles
I
read
is
a
blog
post
under
Transla2on
journal
by
Pablo
Munoz
Sanchez,
published
in
October
2006
2tled
Electronic
Tools
for
Translators
in
the
21st
Century.
Pablo
does
such
a
good
job
at
organizing
and
describing
the
tools
that
I
have
piggy
backed
on
his
paper
to
present
some
of
the
other
electronic
tools
that
I
believe
you
need
to
really
become
technologically
savvy
in
addi2on
to
the
tools
we
have
already
men2oned.
147

Some2mes
we
need
to
state
the
obvious
to
make
sure
that
we
do
not
miss
the
mark
of
our
next
step.
So
I
love
Pablo’s
statement
that
translators
have
switched
from
pencil
and
paper
to
more
effec2ve
and
sophis2cated
electronic
tools.
This
is
the
premise
that
we
must
keep
in
mind
because
we
are
now
in
the
middle
of
transi2oning
from
those
very
sophis2cated
electronic
tools
to
the
age
of
digital
and
nanotechnology,
to
give
you
but
one
of
the
many
other
future
possibili2es.
148

So,
lets
look
quickly
at
the
translator’s
hardware.
149

We
have
desktops
which
are
now
10
2mes
more
sophis2cated
than
5
years
ago
and
have
processing
capabili2es
that
are
even
beyond
our
wildest
dreams.
This
is
one
area
where
we
do
not
spend
enough
2me
and
that
is
exploring
our
hardware
and
all
we
can
do
with
it.
150

The
same
happens
with
the
new
genera2on
of
laptops
many
of
which
are
radically
different
from
the
ones
we
had
5
years
ago.
They
can
help
us
perform
hundreds
of
tasks
and
can
store,
manage
and
process
loads
of
soQware
and
informa2on
we
can’t
even
fathom
in
our
minds.
Here
again,
it
is
our
fault
not
to
dedicate
the
2me
and
energy
to
learn
about
all
these
new
tools
that
are
available
to
us.
151

Next
we
have
the
iPad
and
tablets,
which
have
more
processing
capacity
than
the
en2re
NASA
computers
that
landed
a
man
on
the
moon.
I
believe
that
these
li]le
devices
will
become
the
new
tools
in
our
lives,
just
as
desktop
computers
and
laptops
have
for
the
past
30
years.
152

Virtual
keyboards
are
already
a
reality
and
commercially
available
so
that
typing
in
the
air
is
no
longer
a
ma]er
of
science
fic2on.
153

Let
me
make
a
parenthesis
here.
Wi-‐Fi
allows
computers
and
other
devices
to
connect
to
the
Internet
or
communicate
with
one
another
wirelessly
within
a
par2cular
area.
Today
many
computers,
laptops
and
almost
all
mobile
devices
have
wife
integrated.
What
this
means
is
that
the
internet
is
literally
accessible
anywhere
at
any
2me.
154

Almost
40%
of
the
global
workforce
and
almost
80%
of
the
American
workforce
is
considered
MOBILE.
This
means
that
the
concept
of
being
mobile
is
not
only
personal
but
professional.
The
world
has
become
digital,
instant,
mobile
and
global.
155

The
world
is
fully
mobile.
The
iPhone
and
the
smartphone,
which
now
rule
the
world
of
a
large
por2on
of
the
popula2on.
Just
for
your
informa2on,
there
are
currently
almost
6
THOUSAND
MILLION
people
in
the
world
using
cellphone
technology,
which
is
rapidly
expanding
in
underserved
communi2es
of
the
developing
countries.
156

We
men2oned
before
the
digital
pen
and
dot
paper
technology
which
is
again
becoming
increasingly
popular
with
interpreters
as
well
as
with
translators
in
the
field.
157

And
the
latest
gadgets
are
wearable
technologies
such
as
the
apple
iwatch
that
is
synchronized
with
the
iPhone
and
contains
mul2lingual
capabili2es
and
the
apple
iglass
for
augmented
reality,
which
will
have
access
to
machine
transla2on
technologies.
158

Finally,
apps
rule.
Our
world
is
progressively
becoming
a
world
of
applica2ons.
But
what
are
apps?
An
app
is
a
type
of
soQware
that
allows
you
to
perform
specific
tasks.
When
you
open
an
applica7on,
it
runs
inside
the
opera2ng
system
of
your
hardware
un2l
you
close
it.
159

I
also
found
this
excellent
ar2cle
published
by
Inbox
Transla2on
which
provides
a
list
of
15
free
tools
for
translators.
Because
most
of
these
are
tools
I
have
used
in
the
past
or
my
colleagues
use,
and
because
they
are
indeed
very
important,
we
are
going
to
review
them
one
by
one.
160

One
of
the
things
that
I
really
liked
about
this
ar2cle
is
how
the
author
divides
the
tools
into
four
dis2nct
categories.
It
is
very
interes2ng
to
no2ce
that
the
four
categories
have
developed
as
tools
for
us
in
the
past
20
years.
This
shows
you
how
much
the
profession
has
changed
that
we
now
consider
these
tools
valuable
to
our
existence
in
the
conglomerate
of
the
language
services
providers.
161

Google
cloud
is
a
storage
service
can
be
used
for
different
purposes,
including
organiza2onal
capabili2es
and
as
a
collabora2on
tool.
Several
people
can
work
on
the
same
document,
at
the
same
2me,
without
having
the
file
crash.
There
is
also
a
handy
chat
func2on
integrated
162

I
prefer
dropbox
over
the
others
because
not
only
does
it
allow
me
to
backup
my
files
very
easy
with
drag
and
drop,
but
also
because
it
allows
me
to
share
folders
and
files
with
others
and
therefore
serves
as
an
email
and
sharing
system
for
large
files
such
as
heavy
pictures
or
videos.
163

Similar
to
dropbox,
many
other
systems
allow
you
to
share
files
by
sending
emails
without
a]achments
and
also
allow
you
to
work
anywhere
as
you
have
permanent
access
to
all
your
informa2on
and
files.
164

Evernote
is
note
taking
and
produc2vity
tool
that
can
store
and
index
informa2on
we
must
remember
on
a
daily
basis
and
then
makes
it
searchable
across
a
single
pla>orm.
165

Podio
is
the
ul2mate
tool
for
managing
2me
and
organizing
stuff;
it
allows
customizable
project
management
for
teams,
content
sharing
and
feedback
workflows
for
clients,
email
and
web
forms
integra2on,
sales
tracking
and
file-‐sharing
among
others.
166

Extension
lets
you
grab
and
share
screenshots
directly
from
your
Chrome
browser
167

Gmail
offers
aggressive
spam
reduc2on
tools,
extensive
mail
storage
space
and
fast
opera2on
plus
con2nuously
growing
storage,
168

File
Compressors
and
Decompressors
are
a
must
when
sending
and
receiving
files
on
the
Internet,
as
the
file
size
can
be
reduced
considerably
depending
on
the
file
type.
169

VoIP
technology
is
a
further
step
in
today’s
communica2on
scene.
It
stands
for
Voice
Over
Internet
Protocol,
or
in
more
common
terms
phone
service
over
the
Internet
170

Skype
is
an
excellent
tool
for
communica2ng
with
clients
and
other
freelancers
in
real
2me,
wherever
they
are.
You
can
share
your
screen,
send
files,
chat
in
wri2ng
or
invite
several
people
to
organize
a
conference.
Skype
is
primarily
a
VoIP
service
but
is
also
offers
a
VoIP
App.
171

Social
media
is
known
as
websites
and
applica2ons
that
enable
users
to
create
and
share
content
or
to
par2cipate
in
social
networking.
172

The
blogosphere
means
that
every
person
who
owns
a
computer
can
publish
their
thoughts
with
just
a
few
clicks.
173

Word
press
is
the
most
widely
used
free
and
easy
to
use
blogging
service.
It
is
Understood
that
blogging
should
be
part
of
a
freelancer’s
online
collabora2on
and
marke2ng
strategy.
174

HootSuite
is
a
social
media
dashboard
and
You
can
also
share
links,
175

LinkedIn
is
a
social
networking
site
for
the
business
community.
If
you
do
not
have
your
LinkedIn
profile,
you
should
complete
it
today.
176

Facebook
Pages
provides
a
hub
to
connect
with
customers
and
reach
large
groups
of
people
frequently
with
messages
tailored
to
their
needs
and
interests.
177

Twi]er
can
be
used
as
a
professional
online
social
networking
service
that
enables
you
to
send
and
read
short
messages
with
professional
and
targeted
content
178

Use
Google
Hangouts
for
HD
video
conferencing
and
mee2ngs,
text
chats
and
voice
calls.
Share
screens,
join
from
anywhere
and
bring
everyone
together
179

Youtube
may
be
used
to
post
your
professional
content
in
video
format
180

Vimeo,
like
youtube,
is
a
video
sharing
website
on
which
users
can
upload,
share
and
view
videos
181

Instagram
is
an
online
mobile
photo-‐sharing,
video-‐sharing
and
social
networking
service
that
enables
its
users
to
take
pictures
and
videos,
and
share
them
on
a
variety
of
social
networking
pla>orms,
such
as
Facebook,
Twi]er,
Tumblr
and
Flickr.
182

Canva
allows
you
to
easily
create
designs
for
Web
or
print
183

Pixabay
is
a
community
for
sharing
quality
public
domain
images.
184

JoinMe
is
a
pla>orm
for
free,
simple
and
online
mee2ngs.
185

Easy
conferencing
and
online
mee2ng
tools
and
it
is
one
of
the
pla>orms
I
use
to
deliver
training.
186

Wix
allows
you
to
create
your
own
website
for
free
and
easily.
187

SlideShare
is
a
slide
hos2ng
service
where
you
can
upload
files
privately
or
publicly
in
many
formats;
slide
decks
can
be
viewed
on
the
site
itself,
on
hand
held
devices
or
embedded
on
other
sites.
188

SoundCloud
is
an
online
audio
distribu2on
pla>orm
that
enables
users
to
upload,
record,
promote
and
share
their
originally
created
sounds.
189

Security
of
our
soQware
and
content
of
course
is
vital
and
we
discussed
this
topic
earlier
on.
190

You
can
use
lastpass
to
generate
and
store
passwords
and
automa2cally
log
into
any
site
once
you
have
saved
your
details.
191

Malware
is
Malicious
soQware
designed
to
infiltrate
or
damage
a
computer.
192

It
is
important
to
remember
that
a
good
an2virus
is
capable
not
only
to
detect
viruses,
but
also
to
eliminate
them.
On
the
other
hand,
an2virus
soQware
may
consume
lots
of
resources,
so
one
has
to
remember
to
configure
it
appropriately
in
order
not
to
work
with
a
computer
that
suddenly
slows
down.
193

Spyware
is
a
type
of
malware
that
is
installed
in
a
way
invisible
to
the
user
in
order
to
gather
informa2on
about
what
the
user
does
on
the
computer
and
send
it
to
companies
that
will
probably
send
you
spam
later.
Moreover,
spyware
may
slow
down
the
Internet
connec2on
or
consume
computer
resources
in
the
background
194

A
firewall
is
a
piece
of
soQware
that
tracks
every
a]empt
to
access
a
computer
and
asks
its
user
to
grant
permission
to
execute
something
when
soQware
receives
data
from
the
Internet.
It
is
the
perfect
partner
together
with
an2virus
soQware
to
block
online
viruses.
195

One
of
the
latest
technologies
to
hit
the
markets
of
the
US
is
the
electronic
wallet.
What
this
means
is
that
you
will
no
longer
carry
credit
cards
or
checks
at
all
but
you
will
carry
out
all
your
money
related
transac2ons
directly
from
your
digital
or
cellular
device.
This
is
already
in
use
and
I
have
seen
people
pay
in
Starbucks
by
just
flashing
their
cell
phone
on
top
of
the
corresponding
electronic
device
at
the
local
cashier.
.
196

So,
lets
talk
about
the
billing
soQware
that
you
should
have
to
manage
transla2on
invoices.
There
is
a
wide
variety
of
billing
soQware
with
applica2ons
that
are
highly
customizable,
so
that
you
can
create
a
suitable
template
according
to
your
needs.
197

Now,
like
all
things
ProZ,
I
also
found
an
invoicing
pla>orm
for
ProZ
users,
which
you
may
want
to
look
into.
198

And
increasingly
you
will
have
to
have
a
way
of
receiving
payments
electronically
and
interna2onally
as
well
as
to
make
payments
for
future
group
collabora2ons
you
may
engage.
Just
start
thinking
about
it
if
you
have
not
already.
Don’t
forget
that
you
will
have
to
deal
with
a
lot
of
legali2es
and
tax
ma]ers
depending
on
the
country
and
even
the
state
where
you
live
or
work.
199

So,
we
are
on
the
last
leg
of
our
brief
encounter
and
now
we
will
very
briefly
address
some
issues
that
for
some
of
your
are
obvious
but
may
not
be
so
obvious
for
others
in
different
countries
and
circumstances.

I
want
to
make
a
very
special
point
in
reminding
you
to
always
back
up
your
computer
and
all
your
portable
devices
every
so
oQen
but
at
least
once
per
week.
You
can
use
external
hard
drives
or
USBs
or
cloud
solu2ons
like
Dropbox.
201

Let
talk
now
about
the
many
free
stuff
that
is
available
in
the
internet
202

Lets
talk
now
about
freeware,
which
is
copyrighted
computer
soQware
made
available
for
use
free
of
charge
and
for
an
unlimited
2me.
There
is
a
very
good
ProZ
wiki
that
provides
some
very
good
defini2ons
and
links
to
free
resources.
Also,
you
can
do
a
search
in
Google
with
the
term
freeware
in
quota2on
plus
translators
and
you
will
get
a
very
nice
list
of
resources.
203

Regarding
email,
the
most
popular
free
webmail
email
services
such
as
Hotmail,
Yahoo!,
Gmail,
or
Aol
or
email
applica2ons
like
MicrosoQ
Outlook
204

In
the
case
of
Outlook,
if
you
have
not
used
tried
it
before,
you
may
want
to
spend
some
2me
seeing
if
it
could
be
beneficial
to
you.
205

Wikipedia
has
a
very
interes2ng
comparison
of
webmail
providers
if
you
want
to
visit
that
page.
206

The
File
Transfer
Protocol
(FTP)
is
a
standard
network
protocol
used
to
transfer
computer
files
from
one
host
to
another
host
over
a
network,
such
as
the
Internet.
FTP
is
built
on
a
client-‐server
architecture
and
uses
separate
control
and
data
connec2ons
between
the
client
and
the
server.
207

Please
make
sure
that
you
look
at
all
the
new
features
in
your
Word
program
and
that
you
prac2ce
with
them.
MicrosoQ
Word
is
an
essen2al
tool
for
any
individual
in
today’s
digital
age.
Whether
you
are
a
working
professional,
a
diligent
student
or
an
ac2ve
re2ree,
proficiency
in
MicrosoQ
Word
is
a
vital
skill
that
is
useful
for
both
complex
business
requirements
as
well
as
basic
day-‐to-‐day
purposes
Most
translators
are
using
their
soQware
at
less
than
10%
of
what
they
could.
You
should
spend
some
2me
learning
all
the
fantas2c
tricks
your
Word
Processor
can
do
for
you.
208

More
and
more
we
are
seeing
presenta2ons
in
PowerPoint
sent
for
transla2on,
so
this
is
a
program
that
you
should
become
really
familiar
with.
209

Excel
is
another
program
that
is
now
star2ng
to
appear
more
and
more
as
source
text
for
transla2on
because
strings
can
easily
be
copied
to
excel
documents.
You
should
be
at
least
familiar
on
how
excel
works.
210

PDF
or
Portable
Document
Format
is
the
closest
to
a
final
printed
document.
One
of
its
advantages
is
that
what
you
see
is
what
you
get,
i.e.
it
is
not
necessary
to
run
the
risk
of
losing
the
format
when
using
different
versions
of
the
same
soQware.
Therefore,
PDF
files
are
considered
by
many
as
the
the
best
solu2on
for
prin2ng
purposes.
PDF
Editors
allow
you
to
edit
the
document
directly
on
PDF
without
having
to
first
convert
it
to
Word.
PDF
is
the
de
facto
standard
to
exchange
documents
with
other
people
and
therefore
you
should
know
how
to
produce
PDF
files
from
your
word
processor.
211

The
PDF
Reader
par
excellence
is
Acrobat
Reader
although
Foxit
has
the
same
display
quality
but
loads
significantly
faster.
212

Adobe
crea2ve
cloud
has
not
only
all
the
digital
publishing
tools
you
need
but
also
addi2onal
marke2ng
and
crea2ve
tools.
This
suite
of
adobe
products
is
really
a
very
good
buy
as
you
will
be
able
to
manipulate
pdf
documents
with
freedom
plus
it
includes
all
the
image
edi2ng
tool
that
you
could
need.
213

One
of
the
other
pieces
of
equipment
you
should
always
have
at
hand
are
Scanners,
which
are
vital
in
todays
working
environment
as
they
streamline
paper-‐based
processes
by
digi2zing
documents
that
you
can
then
manipulate
in
the
computer.
.
214

Printers
have
changed
drama2cally
in
the
last
couple
of
years
and
now
they
are
much
more
user
friendly,
wireless
and
mobile,
and
they
can
undertake
almost
any
job
that
in
the
past
would
require
the
services
of
a
professional
printer.
Make
sure
that
your
printer
is
wireless
and
that
the
consump2on
of
ink
is
efficient.
Otherwise
you
will
end
up
paying
more
for
ink
than
for
the
printer.
215

Not
only
that,
now
you
can
meet
your
prin2ng
needs
anywhere
and
any2me
using
the
cloud
and
interconnected
networks
of
printers.
For
example,
you
may
finish
an
80
page
transla2on
that
needs
to
be
printed
and
distributed
at
a
mee2ng
tomorrow
10,000
miles
from
where
you
are;
in
today’s
world,
you
can
send
it
tonight
using
cloud
or
network
connec2vity
to
a
service
such
as
Kinkos
where
they
will
print
and
bind
it
overnight
and
your
party
may
pick
it
up
in
the
morning
at
their
loca2on.
216

The
other
great
revolu2on
that
has
taken
place
in
prin2ng
devices
is
the
3D
printer
that
now
allows
individuals
to
print
full
objects
in
3
dimensions
which
are
later
customized
or
manipulated
at
will.
217

Text
may
be
the
only
element
that
composes
a
short
fic2on
story,
but
that
is
not
the
case
of
websites,
magazines
or
textbooks
to
cite
some
examples.
Therefore,
translators
should
know
how
to
edit
the
images
that
cons2tute
a
full
product,
so
translators
are
expected
to
have
some
basic
image
edi2ng
skills
in
order
to
undertake
a
transla2on
job
which
deals
with
graphics.
218

In
closing
I
want
to
men2on
the
Desktop
Publishers
or
DTP
tools,
which
are
FrameMaker,
InDesign,
QuarkXPress
and
Scribus.
It
is
worth
your
while
to
familiarize
yourself
with
these
in
prepara2on
for
the
future.
219

Lastly,
I
want
to
men2on
internet
fax
services
because
although
nowadays
email
has
largely
superseded
the
facsimile,
there
is
no
harm
in
having
a
fax
applica2on
to
send
and
even
receive
fax.
There
are
s2ll
many
countries
in
the
world
where
you
have
to
send
or
receive
faxes
and
even
in
the
most
technologically
advanced
countries,
fax
is
s2ll
in
use
for
many
business
purposes.
220

So
becoming
a
tech
savvy
transinterpreter
in
the
digital
age
entails
much
more
than
simply
having
some
CAT
tools
or
a
computer
with
video
camera.
It
is
a
totally
new
frame
of
mind
and
the
skills
to
work
in
a
completely
new
world
that
func2ons
under
new
rules.
221

Make
a
selec2on
of
what
you
think
you
need
to
learn
based
on
what
you
think
you
would
want
and
your
budget
and
2me
constraints
and
set
yourself
on
that
journey.
222

We
have
talked
a
lot
about
a
great
number
of
things.
I
want
to
stress
that
YOU
DO
NOT
NEED
TO
KNOW
IT
ALL
BUT
YOU
DO
NEED
TO
DEVELOP
PRACTICAL
SKILLS
IN
A
FEW
OF
THEM
THAT
ARE
ESSENTIAL.
223

It is in the DOING that you master a skill. the
more
you
do
it
the
be]er
you
get
at
doing
it,
224

To
acquire
the
new
skills,
the
new
language
of
technology,
you
have
to
be
willing
to
invest
the
2me,
the
effort
and
the
finances
that
will
take
you
there.
225

In
my
opinion,
the
only
way
to
accelerate
the
learning
curve
is
by
increasing
the
intensity
of
the
prac2ce.
226

BECAUSE
THE
ONLY
WAY
TO
DEVELOP
A
SKIL
IS
BY
PRACTICING
IT
OVER
AND
OVER
AND
OVER
AGAIN.
227

So,
we
have
arrived
at
the
end
of
this
presenta2on.

Lets
talk
about
the
resources
that
I
have
provided
via
BrauerTraining
Wikispaces.
You
will
have
the
link
in
your
ques2ons
&
answer
box.
229

I
created
a
specific
BrauerTraining
Wikispaces
for
this
presenta2on
and
it
has
dozens
of
links
to
all
the
different
materials
I
referenced
during
my
talk.
230

Now
lets
talk
about
the
Forum
that
I
opened
for
us
to
be
able
to
con2nue
the
discussion
on
this
topic
even
aQer
today.
The
link
again
is
on
your
screen
but
it
will
be
provided
via
the
Q&A
tab.
231

A
video
recording
of
this
presenta2on
will
be
made
available
at
the
same
loca2on
you
connected
to
the
presenta2on
232

A
copy
of
the
PowerPoint
presenta2on
will
be
posted
to
SlideShare
(this
one!)
233

Also
you
will
con2nue
to
have
access
to
video
recordings
of
all
the
free
tools
for
translators
that
were
made
available
to
you
yesterday
and
today
234

Another
resource
that
I
would
like
to
invite
you
to
visit
is
my
web-‐based
school
for
translators
and
interpreters
where
I
offer
10
different
tracks
of
learning
with
more
than
70
workshops
and
skills
acquisi2on
gyms
that
are
precisely
designed
to
afford
you
the
spaces
to
prac2ce
new
skills.
My
tracks
8
and
9
are
specifically
oriented
to
CAT
tools
and
Machine
Transla2on.
235

I
want
to
highlight
to
you
that
ProZ
has
a
fantas2c
resource
where
they
compare
and
explain
many
of
the
most
popular
CAT
tool,
alignment
tools
and
machine
transla2on
tools.
236

Similarly,
the
site
has
very
specific
CAT
support
forums
compu2ng
support
forums,
soQware
and
internet
applica2ons
and
general
technical
support
forums
that
you
may
want
to
check
out.
237

If
you
did
not
have
a
chance
to
a]end
it,
I
would
recommend
that
you
take
the
2me
to
check
out
the
video
recordings
on
Machine
Transla2on
201
238

It
is
Very
important
to
review
the
on-‐demand
sessions
that
ProZ
is
making
available
on
Post
edited
machine
transla2on
and
cat
tools
for
the
new
users
239

There
are
other
very
interes2ng
on-‐demand
session
on
Digital
Social
media
to
grow
your
business
and
the
other
one
on
the
Professional
Reviewer
in
the
Spotlight.
240

Similarly,
PROZ
offers
a
lot
of
resources
on
SDL
and
similar
soQware
241

Like
Wordfast,
MT,
Atril
and
déjà
vu,
Across,
Fluency
as
well
as
The
New
WordFinderSolu2on
242

Before we start the questions and answer session, I want to wish you the best
in
your
path
to
become
a
tech
savvy
transinterpreter
in
our
digital
age!
243

Please feel free to contact me in the future via email
claudia@brauertrainig.com or my website http://brauertraining.com!

Becoming a Tech-Savvy Translator and Interpreter in the Digital Age

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (6)

Viewers also liked

Viewers also liked (6)

Similar to Becoming a Tech-Savvy Translator and Interpreter in the Digital Age

Similar to Becoming a Tech-Savvy Translator and Interpreter in the Digital Age (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

Becoming a Tech-Savvy Translator and Interpreter in the Digital Age