1. TOPIC 5
RESEARCH IN HEALTHCARE
HC1023 INTRODUCTION TO HEALTHCARE
CERTIFICATES IN HEALTH SCIENCE
MDM SITI BAINUN BINTI MOHD DALI

2. Learning Outcome
• Identify the definition of research and different
types of research
• Determine the purpose of research
• Describe the objective of research

3. Meaning of Research
• The word research was originated from ‘recherche’
which means to travel through or survey.
• RE+SEARCH= Search after search and search
• Careful search or inquiry into any subject matter.
• To investigate thoroughly

4. • Research is the process of finding solution to a
problem after a through study and analysis of the
situational factors.
• Research as a movement, a movement from unknown
to known.
• Systematic effort to gain of knowledge.

5. Research is systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of data to answer a certain question or
solve a problem.
Research need to conducted in a
 systematic fashion
Logical
Orderly process.

6. PURPOSES OF RESEARCH
• Generation new knowledge
• Improve understanding
• Application testing
• Comparing best practices
• Helping with decision
making
 Exploration
 Description
 Explanation
 Generalization/prediction
 Theory building

7. CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
1. Empirical: research based on direct experience or
observation by the researcher
2. Logical: research is based on valid procedures and
principles
3. Cyclical: research starts with a problem and ends
with a problem
4. Analytical: research utilizes proven analytical
procedures in gathering data, whether historical,
descriptive, experimental and case study
5. Critical: research exhibits careful and precise
judgement

8. CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
6. Methodological: research is conducted in a
methodical manner without bias using systematic
7. Replicability: research design and procedures are
repeated to enable the researcher to arrive at valid
and conclusive results.

9. OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
• To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to gain new insights
into it.
• To describe the characteristics of a particular cause, situation or
environment.
• To determine the relationship between two or more variables.
• To test hypothesis.
• To solve the problems.
• It provides answers for questions like what, where, when, how
and why.

10. TYPES OF RESEARCH
On the basis of
Application of research study
• Basic research
• Applied research
Objectives in understanding the research
• Observational research
•Experimental research
Method of study
• Quantitative research
• Qualitative research

11. QUALITY OF GOOD RESEARCH
• Well designed experiments
• Adequate controls and leads to solid interpretation
• Enable accurate predictions
• Can easily related the existing bodies of other
knowledge
• Future experiments can be build successfully upon
what is establish from good research

12. QUALITY OF BAD RESEARCH
• Poorly design experiments
• Can be feature incomplete or inadequate controls
• Conclusion can be completely / partly invalid
• Only make incorrect predictions
• Inconsistent with other bodies of knowledge

13. RESEARCH PROCESS
Research is a team work

14. RESEARCH PROCESS
• Identification of the research problem
• Review of literature
• Formulation of the objectives of the study
• Protocol preparation
• Conducting the study
• Analysis of the data
• Preparation of report

15. CRITERIAFOR SELECTINGARESEARCH
PROJECT
 Interest
 Relevance
 Avoidance of duplication
 Feasibility
 Political acceptability
 Applicability
 Cost-effectiveness
 Ethical considerations

16. INTERPRETATIONOF FINDINGSAND
REPORTWRITING
CONTAINS OF REPORT
• Research title
• Acknowledgement
• Abbreviations
• List of table
• List of figures
• Introduction (background, statement of problem and its justification or
rationale)
• Objectives
• Methodology
• Results
• Discussion
• Recommendations
• References
• Annexes

17. THANKYOU!!