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OPERATION TRAININGOPERATION TRAINING
CRANES AND HOISTSCRANES AND HOISTS
Crane &Hoist Operator…………Crane &Hoist Operator…………
Safety Training,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Safety Training,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
QUALIFICATIONSQUALIFICATIONS
►11-3.1.3 Qualifications for11-3.1.3 Qualifications for
Operators of Floor-OperatedOperators of Floor-Operated
Cranes or CarriersCranes or Carriers
►Personnel shall be required by thePersonnel shall be required by the
employer to pass a practicalemployer to pass a practical
operating examination. Qualificationoperating examination. Qualification
shall be limited to the specific typeshall be limited to the specific type
of equipment for which examined.of equipment for which examined.
The Users ResponsibilitiesThe Users Responsibilities
All candidate for the Crane and Hoist operation job should be in the
interest of safety and be able to meet the minimum requirements
before being considered for training.
The basic requirements are as follows:
Must pass Hearing and Vision Testing per State Requirements.
Age
Most state laws, which govern the operations, require that a
person shall have passed their 18th
birthday before being
allowed to operate an overhead crane.
Vision
Standard visual acuity of 20/20 should be met. This can be
measured by a number of devices. Color vision should be
checked and field of vision should be determined.
.Reaction Time
Measures how quickly the person reacts to a set of signals or
to an emergency. (The Up Button sticks closed)
Distance Judgement
Measurement of depth perception is important for Crane
Operators.
Hearing
Several devices are available to test hearing ability. The
person should be able to meet standard requirements.
General Health
The company doctor should determine the physical fitness of the
individual. Any tendencies toward heart trouble, epilepsy, dizzy
spells, diabetes, high blood pressure, or physical defects should
be studied to determine physical fitness. If the doctor approves
of an individuals physical condition, the candidate should be
considered as having passed this phase of the requirements.
Physical Examination
A urinalysis and blood serology test should be given to every
candidate for a Crane Operator’s job. If the individual meets
standard requirements they can be considered as having passed
this phase of the requirements.
Literacy
Most state laws that govern the operations, site that an
individual must be able to read and write in English before
being allowed to operate an overhead crane.
This list is the minimum suggested requirements generally
recognized by most states.
SAFETY RULES
There are many safety rules that have been set up to be
observed by Crane Operators. However, if you follow these
rules you will observe most of the necessary precautions
while operating your crane.
.
Train the trainer overhead Cranes operation training
► THE OPERATOR MUST KNOW WHERE THETHE OPERATOR MUST KNOW WHERE THE
MAIN LINE POWER DISCONNECT IS LOCATED.MAIN LINE POWER DISCONNECT IS LOCATED.
► MAIN DISCONNECT MUST BE CLEARLYMAIN DISCONNECT MUST BE CLEARLY
MARKED AND FLOOR ACCESSABLE ANDMARKED AND FLOOR ACCESSABLE AND
LOCKABLELOCKABLE
► On floor- or remote-operated cranes, aOn floor- or remote-operated cranes, a
disconnectdisconnect
device of the enclosed type shall be provided indevice of the enclosed type shall be provided in
thethe
leads from the runway conductors. This deviceleads from the runway conductors. This device
shouldshould
be mounted on the bridge near the runwaybe mounted on the bridge near the runway
Designated - selected or assigned by the employer or the employer's representative
as being qualified to perform specific duties.
1. No one but a regularly authorized operator is
allowed to use any crane.
2. Before moving trolley or crane bridge, be sure that
the hook is high enough to Clear all obstacles.
3. Under no circumstances permit your crane3. Under no circumstances permit your crane
toto
“bump” into another crane or run the bridge“bump” into another crane or run the bridge
oror
trolley into end stopstrolley into end stops ..
Do not run into the End StopsDo not run into the End Stops
On Top Running or UnderhungOn Top Running or Underhung
CranesCranes
Underhung End StopsUnderhung End Stops
Do not hit if possibleDo not hit if possible
4. The operator SHALL NOT leave
their position at the
controls while a load is suspended.
5. ENSURE YOU PUT UP CAUTION
TAPE,SOMEONE STAND BY
LOAD,PUT SOMETHING UNDER
THE LOAD.
► 5. Hoist Chains/Wire Rope5. Hoist Chains/Wire Rope SHALL NOTSHALL NOT bebe
wrapped around the load. Slings must bewrapped around the load. Slings must be
utilized.utilized.
► Load Chain is Grade 8Load Chain is Grade 8 ,, Sling Chain Is GradeSling Chain Is Grade
8080
► Load Chain will not Stretch &Load Chain will not Stretch & Sling Chain WillSling Chain Will
► .6. Do not carry load over people on.6. Do not carry load over people on
floor; sound warning devices if crane isfloor; sound warning devices if crane is
equipped to warn persons nearby. THIS ISequipped to warn persons nearby. THIS IS
A TOP RUNNING CRANE B30.2 /A TOP RUNNING CRANE B30.2 /
1910.1791910.179
7.
8.
9. 7. Do not allow anyone to ride on a load carried by the crane
or on the crane hook.
8. Do not drag slings, chains, or lifting devices out from
under loads that have been landed.
9. If you are asked to do something that you DO NOT
believe is safe, you should refuse to do it and call your
foreman/supervisor in charge for advice.
9A. This Beam has no rating, Operator can not use system until it is
rated with proper capacities.
10. An Operator MUST NOT operate a crane if he/she is not
physically fit to do so.
11. Check All Capacities For Max Load You Can Pick, “Never11. Check All Capacities For Max Load You Can Pick, “Never
Overload”Overload”
It Is The Operators Duty To Know All Capacities BeforeIt Is The Operators Duty To Know All Capacities Before
Making A LiftMaking A Lift..
Bridge, Monorail, Jib, Trolley, Hoist, Rigging.Bridge, Monorail, Jib, Trolley, Hoist, Rigging.
All must have ratingAll must have rating
Check all CapacitiesCheck all Capacities
12. In case of a problem always STOP operation
and open the power switch.
If your crane fails to respond correctly call your
foreman/supervisor.
Attempting to get out of difficulty by repeating the
operation may make the condition worse instead of
better
13. When your crane is down for repairs,13. When your crane is down for repairs,
assist the repairman. After completionassist the repairman. After completion
of any repair, make sure that bolts,of any repair, make sure that bolts,
tools, ect. have been removed so thattools, ect. have been removed so that
no injury to personnel or damage tono injury to personnel or damage to
equipment will result from falling objectsequipment will result from falling objects
when the crane is returned to service.when the crane is returned to service.
14. Never go on top of the crane or permit anyone else to do
so without opening the main switch and placing a warning tag
or lock on it. If you find a main switch with a warning tag or
lock DO NOT close the switch.
NOTE: Unless you are the one who opened the switch and
are absolutely sure there is no one on the crane or crane
runway.
► Crane operators must follow theCrane operators must follow the
signals given to them only bysignals given to them only by
authorized persons (THEauthorized persons (THE
ASSIGNED RIGGER) andASSIGNED RIGGER) and
should ignore directions given byshould ignore directions given by
others during operation of theirothers during operation of their
equipment.equipment.
► The only EXCEPTION to this ruleThe only EXCEPTION to this rule
is if ANYONE commands them tois if ANYONE commands them to
EMERGENCY STOP.EMERGENCY STOP.
► The operator should stay focusedThe operator should stay focused
of your surroundings-be aware ofof your surroundings-be aware of
any unusual sounds or warnings.any unusual sounds or warnings.
KNOW Your Hand SignalsKNOW Your Hand Signals
Cranes and Hoists are designed to make “Vertical
lifts” of loads ONLY.
DO NOT angle/side load unless it has been
determined by a qualified person not to pose a
hazard to equipment or personnel.
All employees are to readAll employees are to read
B30.16B30.16
►Employer is to have a copy of theEmployer is to have a copy of the
manufacturers manual on site!manufacturers manual on site!
TOP RUNNING CRANES RUN ONTOP RUNNING CRANES RUN ON
TOP OF ALL RAILSTOP OF ALL RAILS
► UNDERHUNG CRANESUNDERHUNG CRANES
► HOISTS RUNNING ON THE BOTTOM OF THEHOISTS RUNNING ON THE BOTTOM OF THE
FLANGE OF A BEAM IS CALLED ANFLANGE OF A BEAM IS CALLED AN
UNDERHUNG SYSTEM.UNDERHUNG SYSTEM.
JIB HOIST MANUALJIB HOIST MANUAL
Still need daily inspectionsStill need daily inspections
WALL MOUNT JIBWALL MOUNT JIB
Picture show 2Picture show 2ndnd
trolley . How Muchtrolley . How Much
can you pick up no more than thecan you pick up no more than the
beam is rated for.beam is rated for.
► THE HOIST DRUM WILL HAVE TWO FULL WRAPS OF ROPE LEFT ONTHE HOIST DRUM WILL HAVE TWO FULL WRAPS OF ROPE LEFT ON
THETHE
► DRUM AT THE LOWEST POSTION.DRUM AT THE LOWEST POSTION.
► Whats wrong with this wire rope?Whats wrong with this wire rope?
► 1.Dead end kinked,1.Dead end kinked,
► 2. Deviations2. Deviations
► LIMIT SWITHES ARE NOT USED AS ALIMIT SWITHES ARE NOT USED AS A
OPERATING STOP.OPERATING STOP.
► Limit switch - a switch that is operated by someLimit switch - a switch that is operated by some
part or motion of a power-driven machine orpart or motion of a power-driven machine or
equipment to alter the electric circuit associatedequipment to alter the electric circuit associated
with the machine or equipment.with the machine or equipment.
Lever ActivatedLever Activated
Lever is bent operator needs to tellLever is bent operator needs to tell
supervisorsupervisor
Lever Activated By weightLever Activated By weight
GEARED LIMITGEARED LIMIT
This is attached to drum of Hoist.This is attached to drum of Hoist.
Load ProtectorLoad Protector
(Limits weight that can be picked)(Limits weight that can be picked)
Load MarkingLoad Marking
► 11-1.1.1 Rated Load Markings — Crane11-1.1.1 Rated Load Markings — Crane
► The rated load of the crane shall be marked on theThe rated load of the crane shall be marked on the
crane, and if the crane has more than one hoistingcrane, and if the crane has more than one hoisting
unit, each hoist shall have its rated load markedunit, each hoist shall have its rated load marked
on the hoist or its load block so that the rated loadon the hoist or its load block so that the rated load
marking shall be legible from the ground or floor.marking shall be legible from the ground or floor.
The combined load on all hoists on theThe combined load on all hoists on the
crane shall not exceed the rated load ofcrane shall not exceed the rated load of
the crane.the crane.
OPERATIONOPERATION
►THE CAPACITY OF THE CRANE ORTHE CAPACITY OF THE CRANE OR
HOISTING SYSTEM SHALL BE CLEARLYHOISTING SYSTEM SHALL BE CLEARLY
MARKED ON EACH SIDE OF CRANE.MARKED ON EACH SIDE OF CRANE.
► WARNING DEVICES SHALL BE USED TOWARNING DEVICES SHALL BE USED TO
WARN EMPLOYEES OF CRANEWARN EMPLOYEES OF CRANE
MOVEMENTS.MOVEMENTS.
► WARNING DEVICES ARE REQUIRED ONWARNING DEVICES ARE REQUIRED ON
CAB & REMOTE CONTROLLED CRANES.CAB & REMOTE CONTROLLED CRANES.
Bells, Buzzers, Lights, EctBells, Buzzers, Lights, Ect
► WHEN OPERATING A CRANE OR HOIST THEWHEN OPERATING A CRANE OR HOIST THE
OPERATOROPERATOR WILL NEVER JOG OR REVERSEWILL NEVER JOG OR REVERSE THETHE
LOAD TO CAUSELOAD TO CAUSE THE LOAD TO SWINGTHE LOAD TO SWING. NEVER TRY. NEVER TRY
TO STOP IT WITH YOUR HANDS OR BODYTO STOP IT WITH YOUR HANDS OR BODY
► MOVE TROLLEY OR BRIDGE TO MEET LOAD ATMOVE TROLLEY OR BRIDGE TO MEET LOAD AT
SWING OF TRAVEL.SWING OF TRAVEL. Or try slow down the load to reduceOr try slow down the load to reduce
angleangle
CHECKING THE LOAD ANDCHECKING THE LOAD AND
MOTOR BRAKESMOTOR BRAKES
► LIFT THE LOAD A FEW INCHES OFF THELIFT THE LOAD A FEW INCHES OFF THE
GROUND. Stop the lift and see if the load stopsGROUND. Stop the lift and see if the load stops
and holds.and holds.
► If the load keeps going, even if it is a few inches,If the load keeps going, even if it is a few inches,
the motor brake is to loose and needs adjusted.the motor brake is to loose and needs adjusted.
► ONLY LIFT THE LOAD HIGH ENOUGH TO CLEARONLY LIFT THE LOAD HIGH ENOUGH TO CLEAR
ANY OBJECT IN YOUR PATH.ANY OBJECT IN YOUR PATH.
► NEVER EXCEED THE LOAD RATING ON YOURNEVER EXCEED THE LOAD RATING ON YOUR
SYSTEM.SYSTEM.
► Must be clearly marked on each side of BeamMust be clearly marked on each side of Beam
► Operators should be trained in the use of fireOperators should be trained in the use of fire
extinguisherextinguisher
KNOW THE LOADKNOW THE LOAD
► THE OPERATOR IS NEVER TO EXCEED THETHE OPERATOR IS NEVER TO EXCEED THE
CAPACITY OF THE CRANE.CAPACITY OF THE CRANE.
► Look on shippers tag for the weight or weigh theLook on shippers tag for the weight or weigh the
item on shipping scale with use of fork truck.item on shipping scale with use of fork truck.
► If unsure always ask !If unsure always ask !
PATH OF OPERATOR
DAILY INSPECTION
1910.179
B30.2 OPERATION
►Daily inspectionsDaily inspections shall be performed by theshall be performed by the
crane operator prior to beginning shift andcrane operator prior to beginning shift and
through observation during normalthrough observation during normal
operation.operation.
              
IN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAMIN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAM
OVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATIONOVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATION
CHECK LISTCHECK LIST
1. TAGGED CRANE OR HOIST1. TAGGED CRANE OR HOIST Check that craneCheck that crane
or hoist is not tagged out -of-orderor hoist is not tagged out -of-order
2.2. Control DevicesControl Devices Test run that all motionsTest run that all motions
agree with control device marking.agree with control device marking.
OPERATING CONTROLS
ALL LABLES MUST BE LEGABLE
MUST HAVE STRAIN RELIEF ATTACHED
PENDENT MUST NOT HAVE ANY CRACKS
Push Button Covers can not be Split or broken
Need to be Color Coded, Shock resistant
Need to be permanently identified by function and direction
Pendent Warning tagsPendent Warning tags
►11-1.1.3 Warnings11-1.1.3 Warnings
►On floor-operated hoists, warnings are to beOn floor-operated hoists, warnings are to be
inin
accordance with ASME B30.16.accordance with ASME B30.16.
►All Electric power or air-power hoists shallAll Electric power or air-power hoists shall
have affixed to the hoist, load block, orhave affixed to the hoist, load block, or
controls, a label or labels displayingcontrols, a label or labels displaying
information concerning operatinginformation concerning operating
procedures. B30.16 16-1.1.4procedures. B30.16 16-1.1.4
IN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAMIN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAM
OVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATIONOVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATION
CHECK LISTCHECK LIST
3. Brakes3. Brakes - Check that all motions do not have- Check that all motions do not have
excessive drift and that stopping distance isexcessive drift and that stopping distance is
normal.normal.
► 44. TWO BLOCKING LOWER BLOCK COMES IN CONTACT. TWO BLOCKING LOWER BLOCK COMES IN CONTACT
WITH UPPER HOIST HOUSINGWITH UPPER HOIST HOUSING
► 55. THE TROLLEY IS USED TO MOVE HOIST IN ONE OF. THE TROLLEY IS USED TO MOVE HOIST IN ONE OF
TWO DIRECTIONSTWO DIRECTIONS
► 66. THE BRIDGE IS USED TO MOVE THE HOIST &. THE BRIDGE IS USED TO MOVE THE HOIST &
TROLLEY IN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONSTROLLEY IN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS
IN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAMIN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAM
OVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATIONOVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATION
CHECK LISTCHECK LIST
7.7. HooksHooks - Check for damage, cracks,- Check for damage, cracks,
nicks, gouges, deformations of the throatnicks, gouges, deformations of the throat
opening not to exceed (5%), wear on the saddleopening not to exceed (5%), wear on the saddle
not to exceed 10% Check load bearing point ,not to exceed 10% Check load bearing point ,
and hook has 0 deg twist Per B30.5and hook has 0 deg twist Per B30.5
from the plane of the unbent hook. Checkfrom the plane of the unbent hook. Check
lower hook bearing for freedom of movement.lower hook bearing for freedom of movement.
8.8. Hook LatchHook Latch - If hook latch is required,- If hook latch is required,
check for proper operation.check for proper operation.
Insure all rigging is in bowl of hook. Not
on safety latch, Safety latch is for
holding loose rigging on hook.
Pre Operation InspectionPre Operation Inspection
10.10. Wire RopeWire Rope - Check for broken- Check for broken
wires, broken strands, kinks, anywires, broken strands, kinks, any
deformation or damage to ropedeformation or damage to rope
structure. (Check for reduction instructure. (Check for reduction in
diameter)diameter)
Maximum Broken Wires 12 per lay, 4 perMaximum Broken Wires 12 per lay, 4 per
StrandStrand
Check for Reduction in DiameterCheck for Reduction in Diameter
Wire Rope ChecksWire Rope Checks
►Wire rope, check for external corrosionWire rope, check for external corrosion
►Inner wire breakage, wires poking out fromInner wire breakage, wires poking out from
the inside of the ropethe inside of the rope
►Rope StretchRope Stretch
►Loosening or tightening of rope lays, This isLoosening or tightening of rope lays, This is
caused by shock loading the Ropecaused by shock loading the Rope
Damaged WIRE RopesDamaged WIRE Ropes
NEVER USE A BAD ROPE!
Check Sheaves for Rope Prints, ThisCheck Sheaves for Rope Prints, This
can cause rope to break buy holdingcan cause rope to break buy holding
them from any movementsthem from any movements
Pre Operation InspectionPre Operation Inspection
11.11. Hoist ChainHoist Chain - Check for cracks,- Check for cracks,
nicks, gouges, wear and stretch-nicks, gouges, wear and stretch-
check that the chain is in the uppercheck that the chain is in the upper
and lower sprockets and has no twistand lower sprockets and has no twist
in it.in it.
HOIST CHAIN IS GRADE 8 / CASE HARDEN
CHECK CHAIN FOR SCRAPING AT AREA OF USAGE
IF IN ANY QUESTIONS ASK SOME ONE.
Chain Saddle WearChain Saddle Wear
UPPER CHAIN SPROCKETUPPER CHAIN SPROCKET
This shows why a chain WEAR ISThis shows why a chain WEAR IS
BADBAD
Take Chain to floor then check it.Take Chain to floor then check it.
Look on inside and outside of chain.Look on inside and outside of chain.
check chain for twistcheck chain for twist
Lower BlockLower Block
ChecksChecks
► 12.12. Check Sheaves Upper and Lower, Check HookCheck Sheaves Upper and Lower, Check Hook
in block assembly. Check the Hook Bearing forin block assembly. Check the Hook Bearing for freefree
movementmovement. Check Sheave Guard for damage. Check Sheave Guard for damage
► 1313. Check the Sheave pin and Sheaves for Proper. Check the Sheave pin and Sheaves for Proper
Movement. Does the Lower Pin Rotate when theMovement. Does the Lower Pin Rotate when the
Hoist is raised?Hoist is raised?
► 1414. Load testing not to exceed 125% max.. Load testing not to exceed 125% max.
PART #2 OPERATION CHECK LISTPART #2 OPERATION CHECK LIST
►15.15. ReevingReeving-- Check that the wire ropeCheck that the wire rope
is properly reeved and that rope partsis properly reeved and that rope parts
are not twisted around each other.are not twisted around each other.
CHECK FOR PROPER WIRE ROPECHECK FOR PROPER WIRE ROPE
REEVINGREEVING
PART #2 OPERATION CHECK LISTPART #2 OPERATION CHECK LIST
► 16.16. Limit SwitchesLimit Switches-- Check that all upper limitCheck that all upper limit
devices stops the lifting motion of the hoist loaddevices stops the lifting motion of the hoist load
block before striking any part of the hoist or crane.block before striking any part of the hoist or crane.
Check all limiting devices for proper operation.Check all limiting devices for proper operation.
Trolleys ,Bridges, robot arms ect.Trolleys ,Bridges, robot arms ect.
► NOTE: All Shop star units have load protectors.NOTE: All Shop star units have load protectors.
Per specs do not two block or test daily.Per specs do not two block or test daily.
Check All limit Switches daily at eachCheck All limit Switches daily at each
the beginning of each shiftthe beginning of each shift
SPAN = CENTER OF CRANE WHEEL TO CENTER OF CRANE WHEEL
SKEWING= ONE SIDE OF BRIDGE IS AHEAD OF OTHER SIDE OF
BRIDGE/ call Supervisor or tell your team leader
ROPE DRUM= MUST HAVE TWO WRAPS ON DRUM AT LOWEST POINT.
Daily Operation Checks Part # 1Daily Operation Checks Part # 1
Quick ReviewQuick Review
TAGGED CRANE OR HOISTTAGGED CRANE OR HOIST - Check that crane or hoist is not tagged out –of-- Check that crane or hoist is not tagged out –of-
orderorder
Control DevicesControl Devices - Test run that all motions agree with control device- Test run that all motions agree with control device
marking.marking.
BrakesBrakes - Check that all motions do not have excessive drift and that- Check that all motions do not have excessive drift and that
stopping distance is normal.stopping distance is normal.
HooksHooks - Check for Damage, Cracks, Nicks, Gouges, Deformations of- Check for Damage, Cracks, Nicks, Gouges, Deformations of
the throat opening, Wear on the saddle or load bearing point, and Twist.the throat opening, Wear on the saddle or load bearing point, and Twist.
Refer to the manual furnished by the original crane manufactureRefer to the manual furnished by the original crane manufacture
Hook LatchHook Latch - If hook latch is required, check for proper operation.- If hook latch is required, check for proper operation.
Wire RopeWire Rope - Check for broken wires, broken strands, kinks, any- Check for broken wires, broken strands, kinks, any
deformation or damage to rope structure. (no reduction in diameter)deformation or damage to rope structure. (no reduction in diameter)
Hoist ChainHoist Chain - Check for cracks, nicks, gouges, wear and stretch-check- Check for cracks, nicks, gouges, wear and stretch-check
that the chain is in the upper and lower sprockets and in the chain guide.that the chain is in the upper and lower sprockets and in the chain guide.
Daily Operation Checks Part # 2Daily Operation Checks Part # 2
Quick Review!Quick Review!
► ReevingReeving-- Check that the wire rope is properly reeved and that rope parts areCheck that the wire rope is properly reeved and that rope parts are
not twisted about each othernot twisted about each other
► Limit SwitchesLimit Switches -- Check that all upper limit device stops the lifting motion ofCheck that all upper limit device stops the lifting motion of
the hoist load block before striking any part of the hoist or crane.the hoist load block before striking any part of the hoist or crane.
► Oil leakageOil leakage-- Check for any sign of oil leakage on the crane and on the floorCheck for any sign of oil leakage on the crane and on the floor
beneath the crane.beneath the crane.
► Unusual SoundsUnusual Sounds -- Check for any unusual sounds from the crane or hoistCheck for any unusual sounds from the crane or hoist
mechanism while operating the crane or hoist.mechanism while operating the crane or hoist.
► Warning and Safety LabelsWarning and Safety Labels -- Check that all warning and other safety labelsCheck that all warning and other safety labels
are not missing and are legible.are not missing and are legible.
► Housekeeping and LightingHousekeeping and Lighting -- Check area for accumulation of material toCheck area for accumulation of material to
prevent tripping or slippingprevent tripping or slipping
► ReferencesReferences
► ASME/ANSI B30.2, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top RunningASME/ANSI B30.2, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running
Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)."Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)."
► ASME/ANSI B30.9, "Slings."ASME/ANSI B30.9, "Slings."
► ASME/ANSI B30.10, "Hooks."ASME/ANSI B30.10, "Hooks."
► ASME/ANSI B30.11, "Monorails and Under hung Cranes."ASME/ANSI B30.11, "Monorails and Under hung Cranes."
► ASME/ANSI B30.16, "Overhead Hoists (Under hung)."ASME/ANSI B30.16, "Overhead Hoists (Under hung)."
► ASME/ANSI B30.17, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes (TopASME/ANSI B30.17, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top
Running Bridge, Single Girder, Under hung Hoist)."Running Bridge, Single Girder, Under hung Hoist)."
► ASME/ANSI B30.20, "Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices."ASME/ANSI B30.20, "Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices."
► ASME/ANSI B30.21, "Manually Lever Operated Hoists."ASME/ANSI B30.21, "Manually Lever Operated Hoists."
► Code of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1910.179, "OverheadCode of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1910.179, "Overhead
and Gantry Cranes."and Gantry Cranes."
► Code of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1910.184, "Slings."Code of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1910.184, "Slings."
► Code of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1926.550, "CranesCode of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1926.550, "Cranes
and Derricks."and Derricks."
► Mechanical Engineering Department Design Safety Standards,Mechanical Engineering Department Design Safety Standards,
Chapter 2.2, "Lifting equipment."Chapter 2.2, "Lifting equipment."
► CMAA Specification No. 70, Specifications for ElectricCMAA Specification No. 70, Specifications for Electric
Overhead Traveling Cranes.Overhead Traveling Cranes.
► CMAA Specification No. 74, Specifications for Top-Running andCMAA Specification No. 74, Specifications for Top-Running and
Under-Running Single-Girder Electric Overhead TravelingUnder-Running Single-Girder Electric Overhead Traveling
Cranes Utilizing Under Running Trolley Hoist.Cranes Utilizing Under Running Trolley Hoist.
► NFPA 70, Article 610, Cranes and Hoists.NFPA 70, Article 610, Cranes and Hoists.
  
4 Basic Types of Slings4 Basic Types of Slings
►Alloy Chain SlingsAlloy Chain Slings
►Synthetic SlingsSynthetic Slings
►Wire Rope SlingsWire Rope Slings
►Metal Mesh SlingsMetal Mesh Slings
CODES FOR SLINGS & BELOWCODES FOR SLINGS & BELOW
THE HOOK DEVICESTHE HOOK DEVICES
►1910.184 (SLINGS) FEDERAL LAW1910.184 (SLINGS) FEDERAL LAW
►ANSI B30.20 (LIFTING DEVICES)ANSI B30.20 (LIFTING DEVICES)
►ANSI B30.10C (HOOKS)ANSI B30.10C (HOOKS)
►ANSI B30.9c (SLINGS)ANSI B30.9c (SLINGS)
►ANSI B30.20a BELOW THE HOOKANSI B30.20a BELOW THE HOOK
►MANUFACTURERMANUFACTURER
Operators DutiesOperators Duties
► Operator InspectionOperator Inspection
► Inspect each time before use, no records requiredInspect each time before use, no records required
► Technical InspectionTechnical Inspection
► At a minimum once every 12 monthsAt a minimum once every 12 months
► Records requiredRecords required
► Check data tag for legibility.Check data tag for legibility.
► Check sling reach data.Check sling reach data.
►
1910.184(e)(3)(ii)1910.184(e)(3)(ii) The employer shall make andThe employer shall make and
maintain a record of the most recent month in which eachmaintain a record of the most recent month in which each
alloy steel chain sling was thoroughly inspected, and shallalloy steel chain sling was thoroughly inspected, and shall
make such record available for examination.make such record available for examination.
Check reach on slingsCheck reach on slings
(Reach info is on sling tag)(Reach info is on sling tag)
Center Of GravityCenter Of Gravity
Chocker's Picking BarChocker's Picking Bar
Basket HitchBasket Hitch
““Basket” - loading with the sling passed under theBasket” - loading with the sling passed under the
load and both ends on the hook . You may needload and both ends on the hook . You may need
two slings to balance the loadtwo slings to balance the load
Vertical Hitch, Chocker HitchVertical Hitch, Chocker Hitch
Synthetic Web SlingSynthetic Web Sling
InspectionInspection►Inspect each time before useInspect each time before use
►Tag present, and legible.Tag present, and legible.
►No Burns or melting any type.No Burns or melting any type.
►No snags, punctures, tears, or cutsNo snags, punctures, tears, or cuts
►No broken or worn stitchesNo broken or worn stitches
►No distortion of fittingsNo distortion of fittings
►No exposed “tattletales”No exposed “tattletales”
RequirementsRequirements
►No makeshift links formed from rods, orNo makeshift links formed from rods, or
boltsbolts
►No mechanical coupling linksNo mechanical coupling links
RequirementsRequirements
►No screw linksNo screw links
► UNLESS APPROVED FORUNLESS APPROVED FOR OVERHEAD LIFTINGOVERHEAD LIFTING
Slings & Below the HookSlings & Below the Hook
Lifting DevicesLifting Devices
► Must display the following informationMust display the following information
Serial#
Model # & or Sling type
Manufactures name
Rated Load at Single ,Basket or Chocker
Below the Hook LiftingBelow the Hook Lifting
Devices InspectionDevices Inspection
►Operator Daily before useOperator Daily before use
►Make sure Capacity is listedMake sure Capacity is listed
►Periodic at least annually with recordsPeriodic at least annually with records

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Train the trainer overhead Cranes operation training

  • 1. OPERATION TRAININGOPERATION TRAINING CRANES AND HOISTSCRANES AND HOISTS Crane &Hoist Operator…………Crane &Hoist Operator………… Safety Training,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,Safety Training,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,
  • 2. QUALIFICATIONSQUALIFICATIONS ►11-3.1.3 Qualifications for11-3.1.3 Qualifications for Operators of Floor-OperatedOperators of Floor-Operated Cranes or CarriersCranes or Carriers ►Personnel shall be required by thePersonnel shall be required by the employer to pass a practicalemployer to pass a practical operating examination. Qualificationoperating examination. Qualification shall be limited to the specific typeshall be limited to the specific type of equipment for which examined.of equipment for which examined.
  • 3. The Users ResponsibilitiesThe Users Responsibilities
  • 4. All candidate for the Crane and Hoist operation job should be in the interest of safety and be able to meet the minimum requirements before being considered for training. The basic requirements are as follows: Must pass Hearing and Vision Testing per State Requirements.
  • 5. Age Most state laws, which govern the operations, require that a person shall have passed their 18th birthday before being allowed to operate an overhead crane.
  • 6. Vision Standard visual acuity of 20/20 should be met. This can be measured by a number of devices. Color vision should be checked and field of vision should be determined.
  • 7. .Reaction Time Measures how quickly the person reacts to a set of signals or to an emergency. (The Up Button sticks closed)
  • 8. Distance Judgement Measurement of depth perception is important for Crane Operators. Hearing Several devices are available to test hearing ability. The person should be able to meet standard requirements.
  • 9. General Health The company doctor should determine the physical fitness of the individual. Any tendencies toward heart trouble, epilepsy, dizzy spells, diabetes, high blood pressure, or physical defects should be studied to determine physical fitness. If the doctor approves of an individuals physical condition, the candidate should be considered as having passed this phase of the requirements. Physical Examination A urinalysis and blood serology test should be given to every candidate for a Crane Operator’s job. If the individual meets standard requirements they can be considered as having passed this phase of the requirements.
  • 10. Literacy Most state laws that govern the operations, site that an individual must be able to read and write in English before being allowed to operate an overhead crane. This list is the minimum suggested requirements generally recognized by most states.
  • 11. SAFETY RULES There are many safety rules that have been set up to be observed by Crane Operators. However, if you follow these rules you will observe most of the necessary precautions while operating your crane. .
  • 13. ► THE OPERATOR MUST KNOW WHERE THETHE OPERATOR MUST KNOW WHERE THE MAIN LINE POWER DISCONNECT IS LOCATED.MAIN LINE POWER DISCONNECT IS LOCATED. ► MAIN DISCONNECT MUST BE CLEARLYMAIN DISCONNECT MUST BE CLEARLY MARKED AND FLOOR ACCESSABLE ANDMARKED AND FLOOR ACCESSABLE AND LOCKABLELOCKABLE ► On floor- or remote-operated cranes, aOn floor- or remote-operated cranes, a disconnectdisconnect device of the enclosed type shall be provided indevice of the enclosed type shall be provided in thethe leads from the runway conductors. This deviceleads from the runway conductors. This device shouldshould be mounted on the bridge near the runwaybe mounted on the bridge near the runway
  • 14. Designated - selected or assigned by the employer or the employer's representative as being qualified to perform specific duties. 1. No one but a regularly authorized operator is allowed to use any crane. 2. Before moving trolley or crane bridge, be sure that the hook is high enough to Clear all obstacles.
  • 15. 3. Under no circumstances permit your crane3. Under no circumstances permit your crane toto “bump” into another crane or run the bridge“bump” into another crane or run the bridge oror trolley into end stopstrolley into end stops ..
  • 16. Do not run into the End StopsDo not run into the End Stops On Top Running or UnderhungOn Top Running or Underhung CranesCranes
  • 17. Underhung End StopsUnderhung End Stops Do not hit if possibleDo not hit if possible
  • 18. 4. The operator SHALL NOT leave their position at the controls while a load is suspended. 5. ENSURE YOU PUT UP CAUTION TAPE,SOMEONE STAND BY LOAD,PUT SOMETHING UNDER THE LOAD.
  • 19. ► 5. Hoist Chains/Wire Rope5. Hoist Chains/Wire Rope SHALL NOTSHALL NOT bebe wrapped around the load. Slings must bewrapped around the load. Slings must be utilized.utilized. ► Load Chain is Grade 8Load Chain is Grade 8 ,, Sling Chain Is GradeSling Chain Is Grade 8080 ► Load Chain will not Stretch &Load Chain will not Stretch & Sling Chain WillSling Chain Will
  • 20. ► .6. Do not carry load over people on.6. Do not carry load over people on floor; sound warning devices if crane isfloor; sound warning devices if crane is equipped to warn persons nearby. THIS ISequipped to warn persons nearby. THIS IS A TOP RUNNING CRANE B30.2 /A TOP RUNNING CRANE B30.2 / 1910.1791910.179
  • 21. 7. 8. 9. 7. Do not allow anyone to ride on a load carried by the crane or on the crane hook. 8. Do not drag slings, chains, or lifting devices out from under loads that have been landed.
  • 22. 9. If you are asked to do something that you DO NOT believe is safe, you should refuse to do it and call your foreman/supervisor in charge for advice. 9A. This Beam has no rating, Operator can not use system until it is rated with proper capacities. 10. An Operator MUST NOT operate a crane if he/she is not physically fit to do so.
  • 23. 11. Check All Capacities For Max Load You Can Pick, “Never11. Check All Capacities For Max Load You Can Pick, “Never Overload”Overload” It Is The Operators Duty To Know All Capacities BeforeIt Is The Operators Duty To Know All Capacities Before Making A LiftMaking A Lift.. Bridge, Monorail, Jib, Trolley, Hoist, Rigging.Bridge, Monorail, Jib, Trolley, Hoist, Rigging. All must have ratingAll must have rating
  • 24. Check all CapacitiesCheck all Capacities
  • 25. 12. In case of a problem always STOP operation and open the power switch. If your crane fails to respond correctly call your foreman/supervisor. Attempting to get out of difficulty by repeating the operation may make the condition worse instead of better
  • 26. 13. When your crane is down for repairs,13. When your crane is down for repairs, assist the repairman. After completionassist the repairman. After completion of any repair, make sure that bolts,of any repair, make sure that bolts, tools, ect. have been removed so thattools, ect. have been removed so that no injury to personnel or damage tono injury to personnel or damage to equipment will result from falling objectsequipment will result from falling objects when the crane is returned to service.when the crane is returned to service.
  • 27. 14. Never go on top of the crane or permit anyone else to do so without opening the main switch and placing a warning tag or lock on it. If you find a main switch with a warning tag or lock DO NOT close the switch. NOTE: Unless you are the one who opened the switch and are absolutely sure there is no one on the crane or crane runway.
  • 28. ► Crane operators must follow theCrane operators must follow the signals given to them only bysignals given to them only by authorized persons (THEauthorized persons (THE ASSIGNED RIGGER) andASSIGNED RIGGER) and should ignore directions given byshould ignore directions given by others during operation of theirothers during operation of their equipment.equipment. ► The only EXCEPTION to this ruleThe only EXCEPTION to this rule is if ANYONE commands them tois if ANYONE commands them to EMERGENCY STOP.EMERGENCY STOP. ► The operator should stay focusedThe operator should stay focused of your surroundings-be aware ofof your surroundings-be aware of any unusual sounds or warnings.any unusual sounds or warnings.
  • 29. KNOW Your Hand SignalsKNOW Your Hand Signals
  • 30. Cranes and Hoists are designed to make “Vertical lifts” of loads ONLY. DO NOT angle/side load unless it has been determined by a qualified person not to pose a hazard to equipment or personnel.
  • 31. All employees are to readAll employees are to read B30.16B30.16 ►Employer is to have a copy of theEmployer is to have a copy of the manufacturers manual on site!manufacturers manual on site!
  • 32. TOP RUNNING CRANES RUN ONTOP RUNNING CRANES RUN ON TOP OF ALL RAILSTOP OF ALL RAILS
  • 33. ► UNDERHUNG CRANESUNDERHUNG CRANES ► HOISTS RUNNING ON THE BOTTOM OF THEHOISTS RUNNING ON THE BOTTOM OF THE FLANGE OF A BEAM IS CALLED ANFLANGE OF A BEAM IS CALLED AN UNDERHUNG SYSTEM.UNDERHUNG SYSTEM.
  • 34. JIB HOIST MANUALJIB HOIST MANUAL Still need daily inspectionsStill need daily inspections
  • 35. WALL MOUNT JIBWALL MOUNT JIB Picture show 2Picture show 2ndnd trolley . How Muchtrolley . How Much can you pick up no more than thecan you pick up no more than the beam is rated for.beam is rated for.
  • 36. ► THE HOIST DRUM WILL HAVE TWO FULL WRAPS OF ROPE LEFT ONTHE HOIST DRUM WILL HAVE TWO FULL WRAPS OF ROPE LEFT ON THETHE ► DRUM AT THE LOWEST POSTION.DRUM AT THE LOWEST POSTION. ► Whats wrong with this wire rope?Whats wrong with this wire rope? ► 1.Dead end kinked,1.Dead end kinked, ► 2. Deviations2. Deviations
  • 37. ► LIMIT SWITHES ARE NOT USED AS ALIMIT SWITHES ARE NOT USED AS A OPERATING STOP.OPERATING STOP. ► Limit switch - a switch that is operated by someLimit switch - a switch that is operated by some part or motion of a power-driven machine orpart or motion of a power-driven machine or equipment to alter the electric circuit associatedequipment to alter the electric circuit associated with the machine or equipment.with the machine or equipment.
  • 38. Lever ActivatedLever Activated Lever is bent operator needs to tellLever is bent operator needs to tell supervisorsupervisor
  • 39. Lever Activated By weightLever Activated By weight
  • 40. GEARED LIMITGEARED LIMIT This is attached to drum of Hoist.This is attached to drum of Hoist.
  • 41. Load ProtectorLoad Protector (Limits weight that can be picked)(Limits weight that can be picked)
  • 42. Load MarkingLoad Marking ► 11-1.1.1 Rated Load Markings — Crane11-1.1.1 Rated Load Markings — Crane ► The rated load of the crane shall be marked on theThe rated load of the crane shall be marked on the crane, and if the crane has more than one hoistingcrane, and if the crane has more than one hoisting unit, each hoist shall have its rated load markedunit, each hoist shall have its rated load marked on the hoist or its load block so that the rated loadon the hoist or its load block so that the rated load marking shall be legible from the ground or floor.marking shall be legible from the ground or floor. The combined load on all hoists on theThe combined load on all hoists on the crane shall not exceed the rated load ofcrane shall not exceed the rated load of the crane.the crane.
  • 43. OPERATIONOPERATION ►THE CAPACITY OF THE CRANE ORTHE CAPACITY OF THE CRANE OR HOISTING SYSTEM SHALL BE CLEARLYHOISTING SYSTEM SHALL BE CLEARLY MARKED ON EACH SIDE OF CRANE.MARKED ON EACH SIDE OF CRANE.
  • 44. ► WARNING DEVICES SHALL BE USED TOWARNING DEVICES SHALL BE USED TO WARN EMPLOYEES OF CRANEWARN EMPLOYEES OF CRANE MOVEMENTS.MOVEMENTS. ► WARNING DEVICES ARE REQUIRED ONWARNING DEVICES ARE REQUIRED ON CAB & REMOTE CONTROLLED CRANES.CAB & REMOTE CONTROLLED CRANES. Bells, Buzzers, Lights, EctBells, Buzzers, Lights, Ect
  • 45. ► WHEN OPERATING A CRANE OR HOIST THEWHEN OPERATING A CRANE OR HOIST THE OPERATOROPERATOR WILL NEVER JOG OR REVERSEWILL NEVER JOG OR REVERSE THETHE LOAD TO CAUSELOAD TO CAUSE THE LOAD TO SWINGTHE LOAD TO SWING. NEVER TRY. NEVER TRY TO STOP IT WITH YOUR HANDS OR BODYTO STOP IT WITH YOUR HANDS OR BODY ► MOVE TROLLEY OR BRIDGE TO MEET LOAD ATMOVE TROLLEY OR BRIDGE TO MEET LOAD AT SWING OF TRAVEL.SWING OF TRAVEL. Or try slow down the load to reduceOr try slow down the load to reduce angleangle
  • 46. CHECKING THE LOAD ANDCHECKING THE LOAD AND MOTOR BRAKESMOTOR BRAKES ► LIFT THE LOAD A FEW INCHES OFF THELIFT THE LOAD A FEW INCHES OFF THE GROUND. Stop the lift and see if the load stopsGROUND. Stop the lift and see if the load stops and holds.and holds. ► If the load keeps going, even if it is a few inches,If the load keeps going, even if it is a few inches, the motor brake is to loose and needs adjusted.the motor brake is to loose and needs adjusted.
  • 47. ► ONLY LIFT THE LOAD HIGH ENOUGH TO CLEARONLY LIFT THE LOAD HIGH ENOUGH TO CLEAR ANY OBJECT IN YOUR PATH.ANY OBJECT IN YOUR PATH. ► NEVER EXCEED THE LOAD RATING ON YOURNEVER EXCEED THE LOAD RATING ON YOUR SYSTEM.SYSTEM. ► Must be clearly marked on each side of BeamMust be clearly marked on each side of Beam ► Operators should be trained in the use of fireOperators should be trained in the use of fire extinguisherextinguisher
  • 48. KNOW THE LOADKNOW THE LOAD ► THE OPERATOR IS NEVER TO EXCEED THETHE OPERATOR IS NEVER TO EXCEED THE CAPACITY OF THE CRANE.CAPACITY OF THE CRANE. ► Look on shippers tag for the weight or weigh theLook on shippers tag for the weight or weigh the item on shipping scale with use of fork truck.item on shipping scale with use of fork truck. ► If unsure always ask !If unsure always ask !
  • 49. PATH OF OPERATOR DAILY INSPECTION 1910.179 B30.2 OPERATION
  • 50. ►Daily inspectionsDaily inspections shall be performed by theshall be performed by the crane operator prior to beginning shift andcrane operator prior to beginning shift and through observation during normalthrough observation during normal operation.operation.               
  • 51. IN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAMIN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAM OVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATIONOVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATION CHECK LISTCHECK LIST 1. TAGGED CRANE OR HOIST1. TAGGED CRANE OR HOIST Check that craneCheck that crane or hoist is not tagged out -of-orderor hoist is not tagged out -of-order 2.2. Control DevicesControl Devices Test run that all motionsTest run that all motions agree with control device marking.agree with control device marking.
  • 52. OPERATING CONTROLS ALL LABLES MUST BE LEGABLE MUST HAVE STRAIN RELIEF ATTACHED PENDENT MUST NOT HAVE ANY CRACKS Push Button Covers can not be Split or broken Need to be Color Coded, Shock resistant Need to be permanently identified by function and direction
  • 53. Pendent Warning tagsPendent Warning tags ►11-1.1.3 Warnings11-1.1.3 Warnings ►On floor-operated hoists, warnings are to beOn floor-operated hoists, warnings are to be inin accordance with ASME B30.16.accordance with ASME B30.16. ►All Electric power or air-power hoists shallAll Electric power or air-power hoists shall have affixed to the hoist, load block, orhave affixed to the hoist, load block, or controls, a label or labels displayingcontrols, a label or labels displaying information concerning operatinginformation concerning operating procedures. B30.16 16-1.1.4procedures. B30.16 16-1.1.4
  • 54. IN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAMIN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAM OVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATIONOVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATION CHECK LISTCHECK LIST 3. Brakes3. Brakes - Check that all motions do not have- Check that all motions do not have excessive drift and that stopping distance isexcessive drift and that stopping distance is normal.normal.
  • 55. ► 44. TWO BLOCKING LOWER BLOCK COMES IN CONTACT. TWO BLOCKING LOWER BLOCK COMES IN CONTACT WITH UPPER HOIST HOUSINGWITH UPPER HOIST HOUSING ► 55. THE TROLLEY IS USED TO MOVE HOIST IN ONE OF. THE TROLLEY IS USED TO MOVE HOIST IN ONE OF TWO DIRECTIONSTWO DIRECTIONS ► 66. THE BRIDGE IS USED TO MOVE THE HOIST &. THE BRIDGE IS USED TO MOVE THE HOIST & TROLLEY IN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONSTROLLEY IN DIFFERENT DIRECTIONS
  • 56. IN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAMIN PLANT PRE-OPERATION SAFETY EXAM OVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATIONOVERHEAD CRANE PREOPERATION CHECK LISTCHECK LIST 7.7. HooksHooks - Check for damage, cracks,- Check for damage, cracks, nicks, gouges, deformations of the throatnicks, gouges, deformations of the throat opening not to exceed (5%), wear on the saddleopening not to exceed (5%), wear on the saddle not to exceed 10% Check load bearing point ,not to exceed 10% Check load bearing point , and hook has 0 deg twist Per B30.5and hook has 0 deg twist Per B30.5 from the plane of the unbent hook. Checkfrom the plane of the unbent hook. Check lower hook bearing for freedom of movement.lower hook bearing for freedom of movement. 8.8. Hook LatchHook Latch - If hook latch is required,- If hook latch is required, check for proper operation.check for proper operation.
  • 57. Insure all rigging is in bowl of hook. Not on safety latch, Safety latch is for holding loose rigging on hook.
  • 58. Pre Operation InspectionPre Operation Inspection 10.10. Wire RopeWire Rope - Check for broken- Check for broken wires, broken strands, kinks, anywires, broken strands, kinks, any deformation or damage to ropedeformation or damage to rope structure. (Check for reduction instructure. (Check for reduction in diameter)diameter)
  • 59. Maximum Broken Wires 12 per lay, 4 perMaximum Broken Wires 12 per lay, 4 per StrandStrand Check for Reduction in DiameterCheck for Reduction in Diameter
  • 60. Wire Rope ChecksWire Rope Checks ►Wire rope, check for external corrosionWire rope, check for external corrosion ►Inner wire breakage, wires poking out fromInner wire breakage, wires poking out from the inside of the ropethe inside of the rope ►Rope StretchRope Stretch ►Loosening or tightening of rope lays, This isLoosening or tightening of rope lays, This is caused by shock loading the Ropecaused by shock loading the Rope
  • 62. NEVER USE A BAD ROPE!
  • 63. Check Sheaves for Rope Prints, ThisCheck Sheaves for Rope Prints, This can cause rope to break buy holdingcan cause rope to break buy holding them from any movementsthem from any movements
  • 64. Pre Operation InspectionPre Operation Inspection 11.11. Hoist ChainHoist Chain - Check for cracks,- Check for cracks, nicks, gouges, wear and stretch-nicks, gouges, wear and stretch- check that the chain is in the uppercheck that the chain is in the upper and lower sprockets and has no twistand lower sprockets and has no twist in it.in it.
  • 65. HOIST CHAIN IS GRADE 8 / CASE HARDEN CHECK CHAIN FOR SCRAPING AT AREA OF USAGE IF IN ANY QUESTIONS ASK SOME ONE.
  • 66. Chain Saddle WearChain Saddle Wear
  • 67. UPPER CHAIN SPROCKETUPPER CHAIN SPROCKET This shows why a chain WEAR ISThis shows why a chain WEAR IS BADBAD
  • 68. Take Chain to floor then check it.Take Chain to floor then check it. Look on inside and outside of chain.Look on inside and outside of chain. check chain for twistcheck chain for twist
  • 69. Lower BlockLower Block ChecksChecks ► 12.12. Check Sheaves Upper and Lower, Check HookCheck Sheaves Upper and Lower, Check Hook in block assembly. Check the Hook Bearing forin block assembly. Check the Hook Bearing for freefree movementmovement. Check Sheave Guard for damage. Check Sheave Guard for damage ► 1313. Check the Sheave pin and Sheaves for Proper. Check the Sheave pin and Sheaves for Proper Movement. Does the Lower Pin Rotate when theMovement. Does the Lower Pin Rotate when the Hoist is raised?Hoist is raised? ► 1414. Load testing not to exceed 125% max.. Load testing not to exceed 125% max.
  • 70. PART #2 OPERATION CHECK LISTPART #2 OPERATION CHECK LIST ►15.15. ReevingReeving-- Check that the wire ropeCheck that the wire rope is properly reeved and that rope partsis properly reeved and that rope parts are not twisted around each other.are not twisted around each other.
  • 71. CHECK FOR PROPER WIRE ROPECHECK FOR PROPER WIRE ROPE REEVINGREEVING
  • 72. PART #2 OPERATION CHECK LISTPART #2 OPERATION CHECK LIST ► 16.16. Limit SwitchesLimit Switches-- Check that all upper limitCheck that all upper limit devices stops the lifting motion of the hoist loaddevices stops the lifting motion of the hoist load block before striking any part of the hoist or crane.block before striking any part of the hoist or crane. Check all limiting devices for proper operation.Check all limiting devices for proper operation. Trolleys ,Bridges, robot arms ect.Trolleys ,Bridges, robot arms ect. ► NOTE: All Shop star units have load protectors.NOTE: All Shop star units have load protectors. Per specs do not two block or test daily.Per specs do not two block or test daily.
  • 73. Check All limit Switches daily at eachCheck All limit Switches daily at each the beginning of each shiftthe beginning of each shift
  • 74. SPAN = CENTER OF CRANE WHEEL TO CENTER OF CRANE WHEEL SKEWING= ONE SIDE OF BRIDGE IS AHEAD OF OTHER SIDE OF BRIDGE/ call Supervisor or tell your team leader ROPE DRUM= MUST HAVE TWO WRAPS ON DRUM AT LOWEST POINT.
  • 75. Daily Operation Checks Part # 1Daily Operation Checks Part # 1 Quick ReviewQuick Review TAGGED CRANE OR HOISTTAGGED CRANE OR HOIST - Check that crane or hoist is not tagged out –of-- Check that crane or hoist is not tagged out –of- orderorder Control DevicesControl Devices - Test run that all motions agree with control device- Test run that all motions agree with control device marking.marking. BrakesBrakes - Check that all motions do not have excessive drift and that- Check that all motions do not have excessive drift and that stopping distance is normal.stopping distance is normal. HooksHooks - Check for Damage, Cracks, Nicks, Gouges, Deformations of- Check for Damage, Cracks, Nicks, Gouges, Deformations of the throat opening, Wear on the saddle or load bearing point, and Twist.the throat opening, Wear on the saddle or load bearing point, and Twist. Refer to the manual furnished by the original crane manufactureRefer to the manual furnished by the original crane manufacture Hook LatchHook Latch - If hook latch is required, check for proper operation.- If hook latch is required, check for proper operation. Wire RopeWire Rope - Check for broken wires, broken strands, kinks, any- Check for broken wires, broken strands, kinks, any deformation or damage to rope structure. (no reduction in diameter)deformation or damage to rope structure. (no reduction in diameter) Hoist ChainHoist Chain - Check for cracks, nicks, gouges, wear and stretch-check- Check for cracks, nicks, gouges, wear and stretch-check that the chain is in the upper and lower sprockets and in the chain guide.that the chain is in the upper and lower sprockets and in the chain guide.
  • 76. Daily Operation Checks Part # 2Daily Operation Checks Part # 2 Quick Review!Quick Review! ► ReevingReeving-- Check that the wire rope is properly reeved and that rope parts areCheck that the wire rope is properly reeved and that rope parts are not twisted about each othernot twisted about each other ► Limit SwitchesLimit Switches -- Check that all upper limit device stops the lifting motion ofCheck that all upper limit device stops the lifting motion of the hoist load block before striking any part of the hoist or crane.the hoist load block before striking any part of the hoist or crane. ► Oil leakageOil leakage-- Check for any sign of oil leakage on the crane and on the floorCheck for any sign of oil leakage on the crane and on the floor beneath the crane.beneath the crane. ► Unusual SoundsUnusual Sounds -- Check for any unusual sounds from the crane or hoistCheck for any unusual sounds from the crane or hoist mechanism while operating the crane or hoist.mechanism while operating the crane or hoist. ► Warning and Safety LabelsWarning and Safety Labels -- Check that all warning and other safety labelsCheck that all warning and other safety labels are not missing and are legible.are not missing and are legible. ► Housekeeping and LightingHousekeeping and Lighting -- Check area for accumulation of material toCheck area for accumulation of material to prevent tripping or slippingprevent tripping or slipping
  • 77. ► ReferencesReferences ► ASME/ANSI B30.2, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top RunningASME/ANSI B30.2, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)."Bridge, Single or Multiple Girder, Top Running Trolley Hoist)." ► ASME/ANSI B30.9, "Slings."ASME/ANSI B30.9, "Slings." ► ASME/ANSI B30.10, "Hooks."ASME/ANSI B30.10, "Hooks." ► ASME/ANSI B30.11, "Monorails and Under hung Cranes."ASME/ANSI B30.11, "Monorails and Under hung Cranes." ► ASME/ANSI B30.16, "Overhead Hoists (Under hung)."ASME/ANSI B30.16, "Overhead Hoists (Under hung)." ► ASME/ANSI B30.17, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes (TopASME/ANSI B30.17, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes (Top Running Bridge, Single Girder, Under hung Hoist)."Running Bridge, Single Girder, Under hung Hoist)." ► ASME/ANSI B30.20, "Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices."ASME/ANSI B30.20, "Below-the-Hook Lifting Devices." ► ASME/ANSI B30.21, "Manually Lever Operated Hoists."ASME/ANSI B30.21, "Manually Lever Operated Hoists." ► Code of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1910.179, "OverheadCode of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1910.179, "Overhead and Gantry Cranes."and Gantry Cranes." ► Code of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1910.184, "Slings."Code of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1910.184, "Slings." ► Code of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1926.550, "CranesCode of Federal Regulation, Title 29, Part 1926.550, "Cranes and Derricks."and Derricks." ► Mechanical Engineering Department Design Safety Standards,Mechanical Engineering Department Design Safety Standards, Chapter 2.2, "Lifting equipment."Chapter 2.2, "Lifting equipment." ► CMAA Specification No. 70, Specifications for ElectricCMAA Specification No. 70, Specifications for Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes.Overhead Traveling Cranes. ► CMAA Specification No. 74, Specifications for Top-Running andCMAA Specification No. 74, Specifications for Top-Running and Under-Running Single-Girder Electric Overhead TravelingUnder-Running Single-Girder Electric Overhead Traveling Cranes Utilizing Under Running Trolley Hoist.Cranes Utilizing Under Running Trolley Hoist. ► NFPA 70, Article 610, Cranes and Hoists.NFPA 70, Article 610, Cranes and Hoists.   
  • 78. 4 Basic Types of Slings4 Basic Types of Slings ►Alloy Chain SlingsAlloy Chain Slings ►Synthetic SlingsSynthetic Slings ►Wire Rope SlingsWire Rope Slings ►Metal Mesh SlingsMetal Mesh Slings
  • 79. CODES FOR SLINGS & BELOWCODES FOR SLINGS & BELOW THE HOOK DEVICESTHE HOOK DEVICES ►1910.184 (SLINGS) FEDERAL LAW1910.184 (SLINGS) FEDERAL LAW ►ANSI B30.20 (LIFTING DEVICES)ANSI B30.20 (LIFTING DEVICES) ►ANSI B30.10C (HOOKS)ANSI B30.10C (HOOKS) ►ANSI B30.9c (SLINGS)ANSI B30.9c (SLINGS) ►ANSI B30.20a BELOW THE HOOKANSI B30.20a BELOW THE HOOK ►MANUFACTURERMANUFACTURER
  • 80. Operators DutiesOperators Duties ► Operator InspectionOperator Inspection ► Inspect each time before use, no records requiredInspect each time before use, no records required ► Technical InspectionTechnical Inspection ► At a minimum once every 12 monthsAt a minimum once every 12 months ► Records requiredRecords required ► Check data tag for legibility.Check data tag for legibility. ► Check sling reach data.Check sling reach data. ► 1910.184(e)(3)(ii)1910.184(e)(3)(ii) The employer shall make andThe employer shall make and maintain a record of the most recent month in which eachmaintain a record of the most recent month in which each alloy steel chain sling was thoroughly inspected, and shallalloy steel chain sling was thoroughly inspected, and shall make such record available for examination.make such record available for examination.
  • 81. Check reach on slingsCheck reach on slings (Reach info is on sling tag)(Reach info is on sling tag)
  • 84. Basket HitchBasket Hitch ““Basket” - loading with the sling passed under theBasket” - loading with the sling passed under the load and both ends on the hook . You may needload and both ends on the hook . You may need two slings to balance the loadtwo slings to balance the load
  • 85. Vertical Hitch, Chocker HitchVertical Hitch, Chocker Hitch
  • 86. Synthetic Web SlingSynthetic Web Sling InspectionInspection►Inspect each time before useInspect each time before use ►Tag present, and legible.Tag present, and legible. ►No Burns or melting any type.No Burns or melting any type. ►No snags, punctures, tears, or cutsNo snags, punctures, tears, or cuts ►No broken or worn stitchesNo broken or worn stitches ►No distortion of fittingsNo distortion of fittings ►No exposed “tattletales”No exposed “tattletales”
  • 87. RequirementsRequirements ►No makeshift links formed from rods, orNo makeshift links formed from rods, or boltsbolts ►No mechanical coupling linksNo mechanical coupling links
  • 88. RequirementsRequirements ►No screw linksNo screw links ► UNLESS APPROVED FORUNLESS APPROVED FOR OVERHEAD LIFTINGOVERHEAD LIFTING
  • 89. Slings & Below the HookSlings & Below the Hook Lifting DevicesLifting Devices ► Must display the following informationMust display the following information Serial# Model # & or Sling type Manufactures name Rated Load at Single ,Basket or Chocker
  • 90. Below the Hook LiftingBelow the Hook Lifting Devices InspectionDevices Inspection ►Operator Daily before useOperator Daily before use ►Make sure Capacity is listedMake sure Capacity is listed ►Periodic at least annually with recordsPeriodic at least annually with records

Notas do Editor

  1. Limit switch is operated by lever, Wire rope is Kinked, and has Deviations in it.
  2. To check load brake, back off the motor brake and then lift a inch or two then hit down to see if it stops , Note: If motor brake keeps eating shoes or (pads) up the brake is bad or going bad
  3. PENDENT STATION CHECKED DAILY
  4. INSPECT CHAIN DAILY
  5. Question #2 crane rides on the top of rails is called (top running overhead crane) Question # 6 min wraps on drum 2 wraps question 11 the capacity clearly marked on the side of the crane or rail. #13 warning lights used to warn others of crane movements #14 never jog forward and reverse. only to stop a swing load # 15 you are unloading a truck where can you find the load weight of items o be lifted.shipping docs/or use fork truck to take the weight to a floor scale . #17 THE PERCENT OF LOAD TO BE LIFTED 80% OF MAXIUM LOAD LISTED. CAB OPERATED CRANE OPERATORS ARE TO BE TRAINED ON THE USE OF CO2 BOTTLES. THE BOTTOM BLOCK HAS WHAT COMPONTS/ SHEAVES/HOOK/BEARING/