4. 4.2 SNAP
SNAP is a function that allows the cursor to “grab on to” certain locations on the
screen. Two types of SNAP which are GRID SNAP and OBJECT SNAP.
A GRID SNAP uses an invisible grid. When it is turned ON, the cursor “jumps” to the
closest snap grid point.
An OBJECT SNAP allows the cursor to “jumps” to certain locations on existing
objects. These can include Endpoint, Center, Midpoint, Tangent, as well as many
others. OBJECT SNAP provides a very quick way of accurately connecting existing
objects.
To turn ON/OFF OBJECT SNAP:
•Press Function Key F9 or
•Press CTRL + B or
Click at the OBJECT SNAP icon
on the status bar
TIP: Right-hand click at the OBJECT
SNAP icon > Settings > Drafting Settings
> Object Snap to change the OBJECT
SNAP settings.
5. A display GRID is a visual guideline in the viewport, much like the lines on graph
paper.
To turn ON/OFF GRID:
•Press Function Key F7 or
•Press CTRL + G or
•Click at the GRID DISPLAY icon
on the status bar
TIP: Right-hand click at the OBJECT
SNAP icon > Settings > Drafting Settings
> Snap and Grid to change the snap and
grid settings.
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AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.3 GRID
6. To turn ON/OFF ORTHO:
•Press Function Key F8 or
•Press CTRL + L or
•Click at the ORTHO icon
on the status bar
TIP: Lines can only be drawn horizontally
and vertically at 900 angles unless
coordinates are entered.
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.4 ORTHO
ORTHO is a drawing mode used to ensure that all lines and traces down using a
pointing device are orthogonal (vertical or horizontal) with respect to the current
drawing plane. ORTHO must be turn OFF to draw a line at an angle unless
coordinate are manually entered.
7. Polar Snaps work independently from snaps. With Polar Snaps on, AutoCAD shows
the distances and angles being displayed as the cursor moves.
To turn ON/OFF POLAR TRACKING:
•Press Function Key F10 or
•Click at the POLAR TRACKING icon on the status bar
TIP: You can type a new angle in the
dialog box.
Polar : 0.6528 < 45⁰
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AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.5 POLAR
8.
An ARC is a portion of a circle. There are several methods to draw an arc, which are:
TIP: Except for 3 point arcs, arcs are drawn in a
COUNTER CLOCKWISE direction.
Example: Start, Center, End
•Click Arc Icon or Type ARC at the command
prompt
•Specify start point of arc or [Center]: at identify
point
•Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: c
•Specify center point of arc: at identify point
•Specify end point of arc or [Angle/chord length]:
at identify point
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.6 ARC
9.
The circle command automates the creation of a circle object. There are several
methods of defining a CIRCLE, which are:
Example: Center, Radius
•Click Circle Icon or Type CIRCLE at the
command prompt
•Specify start point for circle or
[3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: anywhere
•Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: 20
R 20
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.7 CIRCLE
10. An ellipse is a closed circular object with an oval shape. The arcs making up the shape are
defined by the intersection of a major axis and minor axis. The axes intersect at the center
point of the object and divide the ellipse into four quadrants.
Ellipse can be drawn by several method, which are:
Example: Axis, End
•Click Ellipse Icon or Type ELLIPSE at the command prompt
•Specify axis endpoint of ellipse or
[Arc/Center]: 4,4
•Specify other endpoint of axis: 8,4
•Specify distance to other axis or
[Rotation]: 6,5
(4,4) (8,4)
(6,5)
ELLIPSE
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.8 ELLIPSE
11.
The POLYGON command automates the construction of a regular polygon, which is
an object with sides of equal length and included angle. It can create an object with
three or more sides. A common approach used is to either INSCRIBE the polygon
within a circle or CIRCUMSCRIBE it about a circle as shown below.
Example:
•Click Circle Icon or Type CIRCLE at the
command prompt
•Specify start point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: at identify point
•Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: 20
•Enter number of sides <4>: 5
•Specify center of polygon or [Edge]:
anywhere
•Enter an option [Inscribed in
circle/Circumscribed about circle] <I>: I
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.9 POLYGON
12. POINT defines exact coordinate locations. In addition to serving as coordinates for
lines and other entities, points can also be created as objects. POINT is helpful as a
reference for making constructions and placing other objects. After entering the
command, you can enter coordinates or pick a location on screen.
Example:
•Choose Draw > Point, Single or Multiple Point or
•Click the Point icon or
•Type POINT at the command prompt. Command:POINT
•Pick A point on the drawing. Point (point)
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.10 POINT
13. Creates a 2D polyline. A line can be drawn with certain thickness by using polyline.
Besides, polyline can also form combination of arc and lines.
Example 1:
•Click Polyline Icon
•Specify start point: at identify point (50,50)
•Specify next point or
[Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: w
•Specify starting width <0.0000>: 10
•Specify ending width <10.0000>: 10
•Specify next point or
[Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: l
•Specify length of line: @50<0
•Specify next point or [Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: w
•Specify starting width <0.0000>: 20
•Specify ending width <10.0000>: 0
•Specify next point or
[Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: @40<0
•Specify next point or
[Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.11 POLYLINE
14. •Specify start point: at identify point (50,50)
•Current line width is 0.0000
•Specify next point or
[Arc/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: @20<0
•Specify next point or
[Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: a
•Specify endpoint of arc or
[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: @10,
10
•Specify endpoint of arc or
[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: @20,
0
•Specify endpoint of arc or
[Angle/CEnter/CLose/Direction/Halfwidth/Line/Radius/Second pt/Undo/Width]: L
•Specify next point or
[Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:
@20<0
•Specify next point or
[Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]:
Example 2:
Click Polyline Icon
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AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
15.
Donuts are filled rings or solid-filled circles that actually are closed polylines with
width.
Example:
•Click DONUT icon
or Type DONUT at the command prompt
•Specify inside diameter of donut: 8
•Specify outside diameter of donut: 16
•Specify center of donut or <exit>:
anywhere or at identify point
•Specify center of donut or <exit>:
8
16
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.12 DONUT
16.
The RECTANGLE commands automates the process of creating a square or
rectangle. At least two methods used to construct a rectangle. These are specifying
the width and height of the rectangle or specifying opposite corners of the
rectangle.
•Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: at identify
point
•Specify other corner point or
[Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: @40,30
Example:
•Click Rectangle Icon
or Type RECTANGLE at the command prompt
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.13 RECTANGLE
17.
A SPLINE is a smooth curve that passes
through a series of points. Usually the points
can be edited to change the “fit” of the curve
after creating the spline.
(a) SPLINE FIT
Draws a spline with fit points.
Example:
•Command: spline
•Specify first point or [Method/Knots/Object]: 2,3
•Enter next point or [start Tangency/tolerance]:
5,4
•Enter next point or [end
Tangency/tolerance/Undo]: 8,3
•Enter next point or [end
Tangency/tolerance/Undo/Close]:
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
4.14 SPLINE
( 2,3 )
( 5,4 )
( 8,3 )
18. (b) SPLINE CV
Draws a spline with control
vertices.
(c) EDITING SPLINE
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
19. (d) CONVERT PLINE TO SPLINE
•Draw a PLINE
•Type PEDIT at the command prompt
•Select polyline or [Multiple]: click object
•Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype
gen/Reverse/Undo]: spline
•Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype
gen/Reverse/Undo]: close
•Enter an option [Close/Join/Width/Edit vertex/Fit/Spline/Decurve/Ltype
gen/Reverse/Undo]:
PLINEspline
CHAPTER 4
AUTOCAD BASIC DRAWING
