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SURGICAL DRESSINGS
Part- II
16/08/2021
UG- 2017 BATCH
Learning Objectives
What is the difference between surgical
dressing and bandage?
Purpose of bandaging
Considerations before bandaging
Types of bandages and their characteristics
What is bandaging?
Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
Techniques of bandaging
 Bandage removal
What is the difference between
surgical dressing and bandage?
Surgical dressing:
Sterile pad or compress applied to a
wound to promote healing and prevent further
harm
Bandage:
A piece of material used to support, cover,
immobilize, or exert pressure to a part of body.
Purpose of Bandaging
• First aid measure for injured, esp. bleeding
control
• Immobilize/restrict movement
• Support
• Hold splint securely
• Prevent/reduce swelling
• Protect wound against infection
• Hold surgical dressings
Considerations before bandaging
• Type & purpose of bandage
• Comfort of the patient
• Bandaging in most natural position of body
part
• Neatness
• Economy of the bandage
Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon material
• Roller bandages: length of material wound into a
compact firm roll
• Open weave cotton bandage
• open mesh conforming bandage
• Cotton crepe bandage
• Crepe knit bandage
Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon material
Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Roller bandages
• ‘T’ bandages
• Tubular bandages
• Triangular bandages
• Cravat bandages
Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Roller bandages
Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• ‘T’ bandages- perineum
Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Tubular bandages
Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Triangular bandages
Types of bandages and their characteristics
• Types available:
– Depending upon structure
• Cravat bandages
Types of bandages and their
characteristics..
• Sizes:
Types of bandages and their
characteristics..
• Material:
– Either natural or synthetic
• Open weave cotton bandage
• Superseded by open mesh conforming
bandage- nylon, polyester & viscose
• Cotton crepe bandage- light & woven, elasticity
• Crepe knit bandage- 60% nylon & 40% viscose
What is bandaging?
• Technique of application of bandage
• Synonym-Dysmergia
Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
• Do’s:
– Patient in comfortable position
– Part to be bandaged to be in natural position
– Person bandaging to stand in front
– Use tightly rolled bandage, not uncomfortably
long
– Unroll bandage at a time for better control
– Unroll outwards
Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
• Do’s:
– Start just distal to part to be covered
– Initial two circular turns for firm anchor
– Should be applied distal to proximal
– Place absorbent material between two skin
surfaces (absorb perspiration & avoid friction)
– All prominences to be padded
– Even tension through out (degree of pressure
required depends on purpose of bandaging)
Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
• Do’s:
– 1/3rd of each turn of bandage to be left uncovered
– Leave ends of toes/fingers open for checking
circulation
– Finished with a complete turn
– Fixation of ends:
• Adhesive tape, end of bandage- split & tied, safety pin,
or by swing ends
Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
• Avoid:
– Wet bandage- shrinks when dry
– Uneven tension
– Reverse turns over wound/ prominences
– Too much bandage
– Incorrect securing of ends
Techniques of bandaging..
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
1. Circular-
 horizontal turns around a part
 Used mainly for securing bandage at beginning & end
 To be avoided around limbs
Techniques of bandaging..
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
2. Spiral-
 Spiral turns distal to proximal
 Applied over parts with uniform thickness. e.g.,
finger, upper arm
Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
3. Reverse Spiral-
 Spirals have reverse turn
 Applied over parts with varying thickness. e.g.,
forearm
Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Figure of eight-
 Each complete turn of bandage forms a figure of eight
around limb or torso
 Overlapping turns, each crossing at midpoint &
ascending/ descending alternately
 Used over joints, shoulder, groin, thumb
 SPICA-
 Modification
 One loop is much larger than others
 Name derived- appearance similar to “ear of barley”
Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Figure of eight
Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Figure of eight- SPICA
Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Recurrent-
 Series of alternating turns
 One or two spiral turns, initial turn made across the
middle of area to be covered.
 Succeeding turns passed to & fro over end of first one
side, then another. Until entire area is covered.
 Completed with one or two spiral turns and secured
 Used- amputated stump of limb or to the head.
Techniques of bandaging
• Basic turns used in roller bandaging:
4. Recurrent
Important site specific bandaging
Important site specific bandaging
• Head bandage
Important site specific bandaging
• Head bandage
Important site specific bandaging
• Eye bandage
Important site specific bandaging
• Ear bandage
Important site specific bandaging
• Barrel bandage- fractured jaw
Important site specific bandaging
• Shoulder bandages-
– Ascending & descending spica
Important site specific bandaging
• Bandage for fracture clavicle
Important site specific bandaging
• Bandage to breast
Other types of bandages
• Impregnated with medicaments
– Zinc paste BPC
– Zinc oxide & ichthammol BPC 2%
– Zinc oxide, ichthammol & urethane
– Zinc oxide, calamine 5.75% & urethane
– Prepared coal tar #% in zinc paste
– Iodochlorohydroxyquinoline 1% with zinc paste
– Zinc oxide with calamine
Other types of bandages..
– Cotton crepe (Elastocrepe)
– Cotton incorporated with rubber threads
– Adhesive elastic strapping
Removal of bandage
• For disposable bandage (single use)
– cutting longitudinally, avoiding injury to patient or
self using
• Lister’s scissors
• Surgical blade (sharp edge away from patient)
• For reusable bandage
– Removal of adhesive/pin/knot
– Gentle unrolling
– Wash, sterilize & reuse
What did we learn?
What is the difference between surgical
dressing and bandage?
Purpose of bandaging
Considerations before bandaging
Types of bandages and their characteristics
What is bandaging?
Do’s & Don’t of bandaging
Techniques of bandaging
 Bandage removal
Bibliography
Pye’s Surgical Handicraft, 22nd ed.- Chap.6,
Application of bandages. Page 61
Attendance!!
&
?
Thank you

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Surgical dressings ii

  • 2. Learning Objectives What is the difference between surgical dressing and bandage? Purpose of bandaging Considerations before bandaging Types of bandages and their characteristics What is bandaging? Do’s & Don’t of bandaging Techniques of bandaging  Bandage removal
  • 3. What is the difference between surgical dressing and bandage? Surgical dressing: Sterile pad or compress applied to a wound to promote healing and prevent further harm Bandage: A piece of material used to support, cover, immobilize, or exert pressure to a part of body.
  • 4. Purpose of Bandaging • First aid measure for injured, esp. bleeding control • Immobilize/restrict movement • Support • Hold splint securely • Prevent/reduce swelling • Protect wound against infection • Hold surgical dressings
  • 5. Considerations before bandaging • Type & purpose of bandage • Comfort of the patient • Bandaging in most natural position of body part • Neatness • Economy of the bandage
  • 6. Types of bandages and their characteristics • Types available: – Depending upon material • Roller bandages: length of material wound into a compact firm roll • Open weave cotton bandage • open mesh conforming bandage • Cotton crepe bandage • Crepe knit bandage
  • 7. Types of bandages and their characteristics • Types available: – Depending upon material
  • 8. Types of bandages and their characteristics • Types available: – Depending upon structure • Roller bandages • ‘T’ bandages • Tubular bandages • Triangular bandages • Cravat bandages
  • 9. Types of bandages and their characteristics • Types available: – Depending upon structure • Roller bandages
  • 10. Types of bandages and their characteristics • Types available: – Depending upon structure • ‘T’ bandages- perineum
  • 11. Types of bandages and their characteristics • Types available: – Depending upon structure • Tubular bandages
  • 12. Types of bandages and their characteristics • Types available: – Depending upon structure • Triangular bandages
  • 13. Types of bandages and their characteristics • Types available: – Depending upon structure • Cravat bandages
  • 14. Types of bandages and their characteristics.. • Sizes:
  • 15. Types of bandages and their characteristics.. • Material: – Either natural or synthetic • Open weave cotton bandage • Superseded by open mesh conforming bandage- nylon, polyester & viscose • Cotton crepe bandage- light & woven, elasticity • Crepe knit bandage- 60% nylon & 40% viscose
  • 16. What is bandaging? • Technique of application of bandage • Synonym-Dysmergia
  • 17. Do’s & Don’t of bandaging • Do’s: – Patient in comfortable position – Part to be bandaged to be in natural position – Person bandaging to stand in front – Use tightly rolled bandage, not uncomfortably long – Unroll bandage at a time for better control – Unroll outwards
  • 18. Do’s & Don’t of bandaging • Do’s: – Start just distal to part to be covered – Initial two circular turns for firm anchor – Should be applied distal to proximal – Place absorbent material between two skin surfaces (absorb perspiration & avoid friction) – All prominences to be padded – Even tension through out (degree of pressure required depends on purpose of bandaging)
  • 19. Do’s & Don’t of bandaging • Do’s: – 1/3rd of each turn of bandage to be left uncovered – Leave ends of toes/fingers open for checking circulation – Finished with a complete turn – Fixation of ends: • Adhesive tape, end of bandage- split & tied, safety pin, or by swing ends
  • 20. Do’s & Don’t of bandaging • Avoid: – Wet bandage- shrinks when dry – Uneven tension – Reverse turns over wound/ prominences – Too much bandage – Incorrect securing of ends
  • 21. Techniques of bandaging.. • Basic turns used in roller bandaging: 1. Circular-  horizontal turns around a part  Used mainly for securing bandage at beginning & end  To be avoided around limbs
  • 22. Techniques of bandaging.. • Basic turns used in roller bandaging: 2. Spiral-  Spiral turns distal to proximal  Applied over parts with uniform thickness. e.g., finger, upper arm
  • 23. Techniques of bandaging • Basic turns used in roller bandaging: 3. Reverse Spiral-  Spirals have reverse turn  Applied over parts with varying thickness. e.g., forearm
  • 24. Techniques of bandaging • Basic turns used in roller bandaging: 4. Figure of eight-  Each complete turn of bandage forms a figure of eight around limb or torso  Overlapping turns, each crossing at midpoint & ascending/ descending alternately  Used over joints, shoulder, groin, thumb  SPICA-  Modification  One loop is much larger than others  Name derived- appearance similar to “ear of barley”
  • 25. Techniques of bandaging • Basic turns used in roller bandaging: 4. Figure of eight
  • 26. Techniques of bandaging • Basic turns used in roller bandaging: 4. Figure of eight- SPICA
  • 27. Techniques of bandaging • Basic turns used in roller bandaging: 4. Recurrent-  Series of alternating turns  One or two spiral turns, initial turn made across the middle of area to be covered.  Succeeding turns passed to & fro over end of first one side, then another. Until entire area is covered.  Completed with one or two spiral turns and secured  Used- amputated stump of limb or to the head.
  • 28. Techniques of bandaging • Basic turns used in roller bandaging: 4. Recurrent
  • 30. Important site specific bandaging • Head bandage
  • 31. Important site specific bandaging • Head bandage
  • 32. Important site specific bandaging • Eye bandage
  • 33. Important site specific bandaging • Ear bandage
  • 34. Important site specific bandaging • Barrel bandage- fractured jaw
  • 35. Important site specific bandaging • Shoulder bandages- – Ascending & descending spica
  • 36. Important site specific bandaging • Bandage for fracture clavicle
  • 37. Important site specific bandaging • Bandage to breast
  • 38. Other types of bandages • Impregnated with medicaments – Zinc paste BPC – Zinc oxide & ichthammol BPC 2% – Zinc oxide, ichthammol & urethane – Zinc oxide, calamine 5.75% & urethane – Prepared coal tar #% in zinc paste – Iodochlorohydroxyquinoline 1% with zinc paste – Zinc oxide with calamine
  • 39. Other types of bandages.. – Cotton crepe (Elastocrepe) – Cotton incorporated with rubber threads – Adhesive elastic strapping
  • 40. Removal of bandage • For disposable bandage (single use) – cutting longitudinally, avoiding injury to patient or self using • Lister’s scissors • Surgical blade (sharp edge away from patient) • For reusable bandage – Removal of adhesive/pin/knot – Gentle unrolling – Wash, sterilize & reuse
  • 41. What did we learn? What is the difference between surgical dressing and bandage? Purpose of bandaging Considerations before bandaging Types of bandages and their characteristics What is bandaging? Do’s & Don’t of bandaging Techniques of bandaging  Bandage removal
  • 42. Bibliography Pye’s Surgical Handicraft, 22nd ed.- Chap.6, Application of bandages. Page 61