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| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 1
Careersu
Scholarshipsu
Admissionsu
Opportunitiesu
September 15 - October 14, 2016 Vol 7 Issue 9	 Rs. 100
The Complete Magazine for Teens and Youth	 RNI Reg. No. DELENG /2010/38083
Life in the age of
Wearables
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20162
From the
Editor
T
he last two years’ trend indicates the complete shift of students’
interest from Engineering to the Arts stream. As per the HRD
Ministry, the Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) has seen a dip in the
application of students to 12,07,057 (in the year 2016) from 12,34,760
(in the year 2015) and 12,90,028 (in the year 2014). The drop in the
number of candidates for engineering clearly depicts that Arts stream
is becoming a popular choice for more and more students.
The fall in the number of JEE candidates also shows that popular
unconventional studies have attracted millions of students these days
to humanities and arts. According to the reports, there is a significant
rise in the number of students opting for arts at 10+2 level all over
India in the academic year 2014-15. Also, over 50 lakh students opted
for arts stream as compared to 39.89 lakh in the previous year. There
was a 16% rise in the number of students choosing the science stream.
Around 32.34 lakh students opted for the stream compared to 27.96
lakh in 2013-14.
The decreasing interest in science and engineering course clearly
shows that the students are not happy with the teaching of science
subjects at the school level. Perhaps that is the reason why they are
inclining towards arts courses or any other unconventional subjects.
Academicians also believe that students these days are more willing to
study economics and mathematics, which are available in humanities
too. Also, appearing in JEE is the reason for the drop in students opting
out of science subjects as it is considered one of the toughest all India
level entrance exam to get admissions in the engineering colleges.
However, for admissions in arts/ humanities colleges, students do not
have to appear for any competitive/ entrance exam. Admissions are
done simply on merit basis.
Another reason for students opting arts courses is the myriad career
options available, other than becoming a doctor or an engineer. Also,
the past cases of recession which led to chucking out of the engineers
have discouraged many students to opt for pure science stream.
The drop in the number of engineering candidates is a matter of great
concern among all IITs and other engineering colleges. Let’s keep our
fingers crossed and wait for the government and the IIT council to take
imperative measures to attract a lot more applications of engineering
aspirants in the next year JEE to become at par with humanities stream.
At all levels of competition, the most successful ones have one
characteristic in common; mental strength and mental toughness. An
individual who has average talent and yet has mental toughness will be
more successful than an individual who has natural talent but who is
not mentally tough. This is because the mind is stronger than the body.
Winners are not always determined by physical skill alone. Mental
toughness is difficult to define!
H. Shaju
Editor: H. Shaju
editor.gyanvitaranam@gmail.com
Deputy Editor: S. Sumi
Executive Editor: S. S. Pillai
Consultant Editor: R. Vijayaraghavan
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ADVERTISEMENTS, CONTACT:
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The Publisher makes every effort to
ensure that the magazine’s contents are correct.
However, he can accept no responsibility for any
effects from errors or omissions. All material
published in GYAN VITARANAM is copyrighted
and unauthorised reproduction is forbidden.
PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY
H. Shaju for Gyan Vitaranam
Media Private Limited, from B 105, 2nd Floor,
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The Executive Editor is completely
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The view and opinions expressed in
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author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views
or opinions of Gyan Vitaranam Media Private
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GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016, Vol 7 Issue 9
RNI Reg. No. DELENG /2010/38083
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20164
t
CONTENTS Cover Story 41
Life in the age of Wearables
7 From waiter to Olympian
32 Rajput School of Chopasani
65 Indian Women make us proud
72 The Startup trend in India
15	 How to increase your Mental Strength
56	 Corruption – a worldwide malady
67	 Buttermilk
76	 The Sun
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 5| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 1
Careers u
Scholarships u
Admissions u
Opportunities u
September 15 - October 14, 2016 Vol 7 Issue 9 Rs. 100
The Complete Magazine for Teens and Youth RNI Reg. No. DELENG /2010/38083
Life in the age of
Wearables
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20166
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 7
INSPIRATION | Sanchari Pal |
R
io Olympics 2016
gave India new sport-
ing icons in Dipa Kar-
makar, Sakshi Malik and
P.V.Sindhu, but there were
also several heartening sto-
ries of Indian players that
went unnoticed in the race
for medals. Few people know
that India was represented
by a part-time waiter at the
racewalking event at the
Rio Olympics. Fewer still
know that he bested previous
Olympic Medal winners in
the competition and narrow-
ly missed the bronze medal
by less than a minute’s differ-
ence.
In 2002, when his father
passed away, 10-year-old
Rawat saw his mother toil in
the fields to make ends meet
for the family of four chil-
dren, including him. Rawat
would work with his mother
on the farm in the morn-
ing before heading to school
about seven kms away by
foot. In 2006, he took up a
part-time job as a waiter at a
small eatery near his home-
town, Sattar, in the Cham-
oli district of Uttarakhand.
With two sisters and a young
brother at home, Rawat had
This is the
inspiring story
of Manish Singh
Rawat who went
from selling tea and
working in the fields
to fulfilling his
dream of taking
part in
the Olympics.
From waiter to
Olympian
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 7
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20168
a hard time sustaining his
family on his meagre income
as a waiter. Knowing that
excelling in athletics could
help him get a government
job, Rawat decided to pursue
racewalking.
Race walking is a long-
distance discipline within the
sport of athletics. Although
it is a foot race, it is different
from running in that one foot
must be in contact with the
ground at all times (over the
course of 20 km, at no point
can both your feet be in the
mid-air). This is why, apart
from the inherent stamina,
technique and fitness re-
quired in any long distance
race, race walking also tests
mental focus.
Ungainly and painful, race
walking requires an unusual
posture that people some-
times find funny, Rawat says,
“I won’t mind admitting
this, but race walking has a
rather funny posture. So peo-
ple do end-up laughing. But
the funny posture exists for a
reason because the feet have
to be planted on the ground.
So when I used to race in my
village, people used to laugh
at me.”
But Rawat refused to
be put off by the lack of
world class equipment and a
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20168
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 9
stream of naysayers at Badri-
nath who would make fun of
his walking practice. He pur-
sued his Olympic dream with
utmost devotion. Training
on the hilly terrain in torn
shoes, Rawat continued
to juggle several jobs to
make ends meet for his
family and also support his
training. From working as
a house help and tourist
guide to labouring on farms
and driving tractors, the Ut-
tarakhand lad did everything.
All through his struggle, peo-
ple continued to make fun of
him, not knowing that the
young man was on his way
to taking part in the greatest
sports show on earth.
In 2010, Rawat tried
to get a job with the police
through the sports quota.
He was desperate to improve
the financial situation of his
family. This job would give
him a salary of Rs. 10,000
and all his training and par-
ticipation at events would
be sponsored. However, he
was rejected. This was finan-
cially the most difficult time
for him and Rawat consid-
ered quitting the sport in or-
der to fend for his family. It
was his coach who convinced
Rawat that he was making
progress and that he had a
future in the sport.
After struggling through
more hardships, Manish fi-
nally made the mark in the 20
km event after finishing with
a time of 1:20:50 at the IAAF
Race-walking Challenge in
April last year. His 3:57:11
effort at the World Champi-
onship in Beijing also earned
him a Rio berth for the 50
km race-walking event. For
the Rio Olympics, 25-year-
old Rawat trained under the
Russian coach Alexander
Artsybashev in the national
camp in Ooty with other race-
walkers.
Having reached the finals
of the 20 km event at Rio,
Rawat finished 13th, ahead
of some of the best race-walk-
ers in the world – including
4 former world champions, 3
Asian champions, 2 European
champions and even 2 Olym-
pic medallists. He registered
a final timing of 1:21:21, less
than a minute behind the
bronze medallist.
This incredible achieve-
ment against the best in the
world was missed by the
mainstream media that was
focusing on India’s inabil-
ity to win a medal. But, the
fact that someone like Man-
ish Rawat who had to juggle
several part-time jobs a day
and make do with extremely
inadequate training facili-
ties, finished 13th was a vic-
tory in itself. Overlooking the
hard work that went into this
success and focusing on his
failure to win a medal would
mean ignoring Rawat’s tre-
mendous talent, which, if
correctly nurtured, can count
among the world’s finest, one
day.
Race-walking is a highly
ignored performing sport in
India, with racewalkers fac-
ing more struggles than other
sportsmen and women in the
country. But, ever since Ker-
ala’s KT Irfan finished  10th
in the London Olympics, the
country has produced four
Asian champions. For the
Rio Olympics, as many as
nine racewalkers qualified
and three had to be dropped
because India didn’t have
enough spots!
India’s national race-
walking team coach, Alex-
ander Artsybashev believes
that the sport has great pos-
sibilities in the country if the
Indian authorities take it
more seriously. He also be-
lieves that Indian race-walk-
ers can win not one but sev-
eral medals; having a proper
dietician and a sports science
centre to help in recovery can
help the team’s timing im-
prove a lot.
Top medal-winning coun-
tries at the Olympics burn
a few million dollars to pro-
duce one champion – UK re-
cently declared that it spent
5.5 million pounds on each
medal winner. On the other
hand, in India, champions
in the making fight unenvi-
able battles all the time just
like Rawat who spent what
he earned on the road to
Rio. And yet, their raw talent
and determination to defy
all odds to fight their way to
the top and surface on the
international stage is no less
than amazing. It’s time that
athletes like Rawat, who will
soon start training again to
participate in the 2020 Tokyo
Olympics in the hope of win-
ning a medal, get the backing
and respect they deserve.
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 9
u
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201610
K
hudiram Bose, a
young political ac-
tivist from Bengal,
was not only one of the most
prominent figures in India’s
fight for freedom from British
rule, but also the youngest
revolutionary that the Indian
independence movement had
witnessed. Khudiram Bose
led a life of risk and adven-
ture, never for once flinch-
ing from his goal of acquir-
ing freedom for his country.
Apart from possessing the
spirit of a fighter, Khudiram
Bose was also known for his
leadership qualities and his
services to the society. How-
ever, the revolutionary died
an unfortunate early death,
leaving India bereft of one of
the greatest freedom strug-
glers that the country had
ever seen. Khudiram Bose
will always be remembered in
the history of Indian indepen-
dence as the proponent of the
‘Agni Yuga’ or the fiery age,
an era which was character-
ized by young people getting
involved in the fight against
the British without thinking
twice about their own lives.
Khudiram Bose was the first
martyr of the early twentieth
century.
Childhood
Khudiram Bose was born
on December 3, 1889 in the
small village of Habibpur
situated close to the town of
Khudiram Bose
Martyrs | iloveindia.com|
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201610
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 11
Tamluk in Midnapore dis-
trict of Bengal. Khudiram
Bose was the fourth child in
a family of three daughters.
His parents, Trailokyanath
Bose and Lakshmipriya Devi
had two sons before the birth
of Khudiram but both of
them died prematurely. Fol-
lowing the tradition of the
yesteryear superstitious so-
ciety, his mother decided to
give up possession of a male
child to avoid further deaths
in the family. According to re-
ports, her baby boy was sold
to her eldest daughter Apa-
rupa in exchange of a mea-
sure of foodgrain, also known
as ‘khud’ in Midnapore. After
selling her son to her daugh-
ter, the mother abandoned
all rights to take care of her
son. He was thus named
Khudiram as he was bought
in exchange of ‘khud’ and
henceforth was taken care
of only by his sister. Thus, it
was right from his birth that
Khudiram Bose lost all con-
tact with his mother and fa-
ther.
Inspiration on the path to
revolution
Khudiram Bose showed
a revolutionary spirit even
when he was a mere child. As
a child Khudiram Bose loved
adventure and was widely
known for his courage and
bravery in the face of danger.
Quite naturally, he also made
a very good leader in political
groups. It was in the years
1902 - 1903 that Khudiram
Bose was inspired to plunge
into active freedom struggle.
During this time Sri Aurobin-
do and Sister Nivedita were
in Medinipur to deliver a lec-
ture inspiring people to join
the freedom struggle against the British. Khudiram Bose was
a teenager at that point of time and was bubbling with energy.
He was part of student revolutionary groups in Tamluk.
Inspired by the speeches of Sri Aurobindo, Khudiram Bose
took part in the secret planning sessions that were held by
Sri Aurobindo and Sister Nivedita. Shortly after, in the year
1904, Khudiram Bose shifted from Tamluk to the main town
of Medinipur, not only to enroll at the Medinipur Collegiate
School but also to take part in the martyr activities that were
then a common occurrence in principal towns across India.
Khudiram Bose became an active member of a martyrs’ club
in Medinipur and soon won the attention of even his seniors
at the club through his adventurous leadership qualities, his
dedication and his services to the society.
Apart from Sri Aurobindo and Sister Nivedita, Khudiram
Bose also derived inspiration from verses in the Bhagavad
Gita and the words of his teacher Satyendranath Bose. In the
year 1905, Khudiram Bose became involved with the political
party Jugantar to show his disobedience to the British gov-
ernment following the Partition of Bengal the same year. A
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 11
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201612
few months later Khudiram
Bose planted bombs close to a
police outpost in Medinipur.
Though he was not arrested
in 1905, police arrested him
three years later and an-
nounced a death sentence for
a similar incident involving
killing by bomb.
The Muzaffarpur incident
Khudiram Bose and Pra-
fulla Chaki from Jugantar
were sent to the town of Mu-
zaffarpur in Bihar to carry
out the killing of Kingsford,
the magistrate of Calcutta
Presidency. The two revolu-
tionaries went to Muzaffar-
pur, adopted the code names
of Haren Sarkar and Dinesh
Roy respectively, and took
shelter in the ‘dharmashala’
of Kishorimohan Bandopad-
hyay. Though they wanted
Kingsford dead, Khudiram
Bose and Prafulla Chaki
did not want the bloodshed
of innocent people crowded
around a court during the
daytime. Therefore they de-
cided to shoot him when
he was on his way from the
European Club to his home
or vice versa. On April 30,
1908, Khudiram Bose and
Prafulla Chaki took position
outside the European Club
and targeted the carriage of
Kingsford as it moved out of
the club at around 8:30 in the
evening. The bombs and the
pistol shots hit the carriage.
Khudiram Bose and Prafulla
Chaki immediately fled the
place of crime thinking that
their task was complete, only
to be informed later that it
was the wife and daughter
of barrister Pringle Kennedy
who were traveling inside
Kingsford’s carriage. Both
Khudiram and Prafulla were
filled with remorse for their
act of killing two innocent
women. The duo were then
constantly on the move to
escape the eyes of the police.
However, the police caught
them soon after the incident
took place.
Death of Prafulla Chaki
After the failed attempt to
kill magistrate Kingsford in
Muzaffarpur, Prafulla Chaki
and Khudiram Bose had tak-
en two separate routes to flee
the police. On May 1 when
his companion Khudiram
Bose was arrested, Prafulla
Chaki was received in the
house of a local in Muzaffar-
pur who did his best to save
his life by providing food,
rest and also a train ticket to
Kolkata. Prafulla Chaki had
to change trains on his way
from Muzaffarpur to Howrah
and it was in the train that
misfortune met him in the
form of Nandalal Bannerjee,
a sub inspector in the British
police. Immediately suspect-
ing the young Prafulla Chaki,
Nandalal Bannerjee was suc-
cessful in tracing information
which led him to believe that
it was Prafulla Chaki who
was involved in the Muzaf-
farpur incident. As soon as
Prafulla Chaki left his first
train to board the next which
would drop him at Howrah,
Nandalal Bannerjee was pre-
pared with other police per-
sonnel to arrest him. While
Prafulla Chaki tried to kill
Nandalal Bannerjee by shoot-
ing at him, his attempt was
unsuccessful, after which he
fired the gun at himself. Pra-
fulla Chaki took his own life
unable to bear the humilia-
tion of submitting himself to
the British authorities.
Incidents leading to the
arrest of Khudiram Bose
The Muzaffarpur inci-
dent took place at 8:30 in
the evening. People were
made aware of the killing on
the same night and security
consisting of armed police
constables was stationed at
all crucial positions around
the country, especially the
railway stations. In addi-
tion, the British government
had also announced Rs. 1000
cash prize for the person who
could trace the attackers
or assist the police in doing
so. Knowing that the police
would be after him, Khudi-
ram Bose decided to walk
his way to Medinipur rather
than board a train. However,
ill fate was waiting for him in
Oyaini, where he stopped for
a glass of water. A couple of
constables were immediately
on his side when Khudiram
Bose stopped by at a tea stall
to ask for a glass of water
and were curious to know
the reason which made him
walk such a long way as to
make him so tired and dusty.
A search which ensued re-
vealed that Khudiram Bose
was armed with two revolv-
ers and 37 rounds of ammu-
nition. It is to be remembered
that Khudiram Bose was a
mere 18 year old kid at the
time of the incident and was
no match to the strength of
the much older constables.
On May 1, 1908, Khudi-
ram Bose was taken under
arrest for his involvement in
the Muzaffarpur killings, but
the arrest failed to under-
mine his nationalistic spirit,
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201612
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 13
the young boy crying the slo-
gan ‘Vandemataram’ even
after the entire town of Mu-
zaffarpur gathered in front
of the railway station to take
a look at the boy who could
commit such a heinous crime.
After being taken to the mag-
istrate’s office in Muzaffar-
pur, Khudiram Bose took the
blame for the incident which
led to the killings and deaths
in Muzaffarpur just a day
ago wholly upon himself. No
attempts would make him
reveal the name of either his
partner Prafulla Chaki or his
revolutionary group in Medi-
nipur. However, police pro-
duced before him the body of
Prafulla Chaki who had tak-
en his own life by then. The
shock was elaborately writ-
ten upon his face and Khudi-
ram Bose came to know that
there was no point in hid-
ing the identity of his group
from the police, who would
soon trace the revolutionary
group under Barindra Ku-
mar Ghosh, which Khudiram
Bose and Prafulla Chaki had
been working for. The police
authorities working under
the instructions of the Brit-
ish proved how inhuman they
could be when they chopped
off the head of the dead Pra-
fulla Chaki and sent it to Kol-
kata for further confirmation
of his and Khudiram Bose’s
revolutionary links.
Court trial and martyr-
dom
Khudiram Bose was put
behind bars on May 2, 1908
and the court trial began on
the 21st of May. Binodbihari
Majumdar and Mr. Mannuk
were the prosecutors for the
British government, while
Upendranath Sen, Kalidas Basu and Kshetranath Bando-
padhyay fought in Khudiram Bose’s defense. Narendranath
Lahiri, Satishchandra Chakraborty and Kulkamal Sen also
joined the team of defense lawyers for Khudiram Bose as the
trial progressed, the entire team fighting the case for free. On
May 23, 1908, Khudiram Bose had to give his first statement
in court. Following the advice of his lawyers, Khudiram Bose
denied any involvement in the shootings and bombings that
led to the death of the two British women in Muzaffarpur. The
trial progressed slowly with the judge announcing that the
final verdict would be delivered on June 13.
It was on the date of the verdict that the prosecutors in the
Khudiram Bose case received an anonymous letter warning
that bombings would soon take place in Kolkata and this time
it would be the Biharis rather than the Bengalis who would be
behind the attack. The defense board was now sure that the
letter would convince the judge that people other than Khudi-
ram Bose can be involved in the killings in Muzaffarpur. The
chief intention of the defense board in the case was to prevent
the pronouncement of a death sentence for Khudiram Bose.
However, the British Raj was not prepared to let go of an In-
dian who had already been declared as a revolutionary. The
death sentence was awarded to Khudiram Bose. Khudiram
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 13
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201614
Bose embraced the sentence
with dignity. In fact he also
refused to appeal to the High
Court, a practice which ex-
isted during those times, say-
ing that he was destined to be
hanged to death.
It was his defense law-
yers who convinced Khudi-
ram Bose to make the appeal
to the High Court arguing
with him that a life sentence
instead of a death sentence
would mean that Khudiram
Bose could live on to serve his
motherland. The hearing in
the High Court took place on
July 8, 1908. It was Narendr-
akumar Basu who fought on
behalf of Khudiram Bose in
the July High Court trial pre-
senting several arguments
which would avert the pos-
sibility of a death sentence
for a revolutionary who had
become an overnight hero for
young nationalists in India
after the Muzaffarpur inci-
dent. The judge in the High
Court said that July 13 would
be the date for the ultimate
verdict on the matter.
The arguments put for-
ward to the High Court by
Narendrakumar Basu would
have put the case in favor
of Khudiram Bose and could
have saved his life, but the
British government had al-
ready decided that they would
GYAN Vitaranam (August 15 - September 14, 2016)
Thanks a lot!
Very illustrative, informative and elegant-looking issue, very well
brought out sir!
S. Mahalingam 	 E-mail: smali4619@yahoo.co.in
Dear Sri Pillai:
Thank you for the latest issue of GV. I feel the short piece on Sandip
Gund deserves greater publicity. I understand that even in a socially
advanced state like Kerala, attendance in Govt. primary schools is falling.
This trend can perhaps be reversed if the “Gund Model” is adopted.
Best regards,
Manoranjan Rao	 E-mail: rao.manoranjan@gmail.com
Hello Sir,
GYAN Vitaranam is always a great read. Thank you so much for updates.
Hope you are doing fine.
Thanks.
Sagarika Ranjan	 E-mail: sagarikasinha28@gmail.com
Thank you for the prompt reply.
I read a couple of them from this issue and they are very good articles.
Ankita Biswas Ahuja 	 E-mail: biswasankita@gmail.com
Dear Sir,
Thank you for this edition of GYAN Vitaranam. I eagerly look forward to
GYAN Vitaranam monthly edition.
I have found that this edition was an Independence Day special! Very
well presented articles; “Take responsibility” and on Pingali Venkayya
Garu, a freedom fighter.
Best regards.
R. Raghunandan 	 E-mail: raghunandan28@gmail.com
FEEDBACK
award the death sentence to
Khudiram Bose. An attempt
of appeal made to the Gover-
nor General was also turned
down and the death sentence
for Khudiram Bose was made
public on August 11, 1908. The
sentence led to a huge uproar
among people, young and old,
who gathered in front of the
courthouse to shout slogans of
protest against the sentence.
The local press was vociferous
in making the sentiments of
the Indians heard. But it was
Khudiram Bose who surprised
many by embracing his death
gracefully by going to the gal-
lows on August 11, 1908 with
a smile on his face. u
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 15
Personality Development
| Raghunandan Ramachandran|
A
t all levels of com-
petition, the most
successful ones
have one characteristic in
common: mental strength
and mental toughness. An
individual who has av-
erage talent and yet has
mental toughness will be
more successful than an
individual who has natu-
ral talent but who is not
mentally tough. This is
because the mind is stron-
ger than the body. Win-
ners are not always de-
termined by physical skill
alone. Mental toughness is
difficult to define. It is not
just one thing, but it con-
sists of many factors. For
example, think of a fruit
salad. It would not be fruit
salad with just fruits; there
needs to be nuts, cherries,
jelly, custard and all the
other ingredients. They
combine to make a com-
plete fruit salad.
Mental toughness in-
cludes:
ŠŠ Continued effort - working
toward goals and never
giving up!
ŠŠ Self-discipline - everything
(training, sleep, diet, etc.)
How to increase your
Mental Strength
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 15
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201616
should contribute to health
and performance.
ŠŠ Confidence - knowing
that with effort you can
accomplish anything.
ŠŠ Focus on the present -
forget about past mistakes
and performance errors.
ŠŠ Successful stress
management - keep
anxiety levels low for better
performances.
ŠŠ Controlled thoughts - do not
allow the mind to generate
negative self-talk/thoughts.
Mental strength is not
reflected in what you do. It is
usually seen in what you do
Soldiers possess extraordinary mental toughness and constantly train themselves for mental strength
Rise to the occasion and challenge! Do not waste time feeling sorry for yourself!
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201616
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 17
not do.
How can we develop
mental strength? We will
look at a “three-pronged
approach” and things that
mentally strong people do
not do. It is about control-
ling your thoughts, behav-
iours, and emotions.
1. They do not waste time
feeling sorry for them-
selves.
Indulging in self-pity
hinders living a full life. It
wastes time, creates nega-
tive emotions, and hurts your
relationships. The key is to
affirm the good in the world,
and you will begin to appreci-
ate what you have. The goal
is to replace the self-pity with
gratitude.
2. They do not give away
their power.
People give away their
power when they lack physi-
cal and emotional boundar-
ies. You need to stand up for
yourself and draw the line
when necessary.
If other people are in
control of your actions, they
define your success and self-
worth. It’s important that
you keep track of your goals
and work towards them.
3. They donot shy away
from change.
There are five stages of
change, Morin writes: pre-
contemplation, contempla-
tion, preparation, action and
maintenance.
Following through with
each of the five steps is cru-
cial. Making changes can be
frightening, but shying away
from them prevents growth.
4. They do not focus on
things they can’t control.
It feels so safe to have ev-
erything under control, but
thinking we have the power
to always pull the strings can
become problematic.
Trying to be in control
of everything is a likely re-
sponse to anxiety. Rather
than focusing on managing
your anxiety, you try control-
ling your environment.
Shifting your focus off the
things you cannot control can
create increased happiness,
less stress, better relation-
ships, new opportunities, and
more success, Morin writes.
5. They don’t worry about
pleasing everyone.
Oftentimes, we judge our-
selves by considering what
other people think of us,
which is the opposite of men-
tal toughness.
Stop trying to be a peo-
ple-pleaser: It’s a waste of
time; people-pleasers are eas-
ily manipulated; it is OK for
others to feel angry or dis-
appointed; and you cannot
please everyone.
Dropping your people-
pleasing mind-set will make
you stronger and more self-
Keep moving – Do not focus on things you cannot control
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 17
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201618
confident.
6. They do not fear taking
calculated risks.
People are often afraid to
take risks, whether it’s finan-
cial, physical, emotional, so-
cial, or business-related, Mo-
rin writes. But it comes down
to knowledge.
A lack of knowledge about
how to calculate risk leads to
increased fear.
To better analyze a risk,
ask yourself the following
questions:
What are the potential
costs?
What are the potential
benefits?
How will this help me
achieve my goal?
What are the alterna-
tives?
How good would it be if
the best-case scenario came
true?
What is the worst thing
that could happen and how
could I reduce the risk that
will occur?
How bad would it be if the
worst-case scenario did come
true?
How much will this deci-
sion matter in five years?
7. They do not dwell on
the past.
The past is in the past.
There’s no way to change
what happened, and “dwell-
ing can be self-destructive,
preventing you from enjoying
the present and planning for
the future,” Morin writes. It
doesn’t solve anything and
can lead to depression, she
writes.
There can be a benefit
to thinking about the past,
though. Reflecting on the les-
sons learned, considering the
facts rather than the emo-
tions, and looking at a situ-
ation from a new perspective
can be helpful, she says.
8. They do not make the
same mistakes over and
over.
Reflecting can ensure you
don’t repeat your mistakes.
It’s important to study what
went wrong, what you could
have done better, and how
to do it differently next time,
Morin writes.
Mentally strong people
accept responsibility for
the mistake and create a
thoughtful, written plan to
Do not fear taking calculated risks
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201618
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 19
avoid making the same mis-
take in the future.
9. They do not resent oth-
er people’s success.
Resentment is like anger
that remains hidden and bot-
tled up, Morin writes.
Focusing on another per-
son’s success will not pave
the way to your own, since it
distracts you from your path,
Morin writes. Even if you
become successful, you may
never be content if you’re al-
ways focusing on others. You
may also overlook your tal-
ents and abandon your val-
ues and relationships, she
says.
10. They do not give up af-
ter the first failure.
Success is not instant,
and failure is almost always
an obstacle you will have to
overcome. Take, for example,
Theodor Giesel — also known
as Dr. Seuss — whose first
book was rejected by more
than 20 publishers. And now
Dr. Seuss is a household
name.
Thinking that failure is
unacceptable or that it means
you are not good enough does
not reflect mental strength.
In fact, bouncing back after
failure will make you stron-
ger.
11. They do not fear alone
time.
“Creating time to be alone
with your thoughts can be a
powerful experience, instru-
mental in helping you reach
your goals,” Morin writes.
Becoming mentally strong
“requires you to take time out
from the busyness of daily life
to focus on growth.”
Here are some of the ben-
efits of solitude Morin lists in
her book:
•	 Solitude at the office can in-
crease productivity.
•	 Alone time may increase
Do not expect instant or immediate results
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 19
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201620
your empathy.
•	 Spending time alone sparks
creativity.
•	 Solitary skills are good for
mental health.
•	 Solitude offers restoration.
12. They donot feel the
world owes them any-
thing.
It is easy to get angry at
the world for your failures or
lack of success, but the truth
is no one is entitled to any-
thing. It must be earned.
The key is to focus on
your efforts, accept criticism,
acknowledge your flaws, and
do not keep score. Comparing
yourself to others will only set
you up for disappointment if
you do not receive what you
think you are owed.
13. They do not expect im-
mediate results.
A willingness to develop
realistic expectations and an
understanding that success
doesn’t happen overnight
is necessary if you want to
reach your full potential.
Mentally weak people are
often impatient. They overes-
timate their abilities and un-
derestimate how long change
takes, she says, so they ex-
pect immediate results.
It’s important to keep
your eyes on the prize and re-
lentlessly work towards your
long-term goals. There will be
failures along the way, but if
you measure your progress
and look at the big picture,
success will become attain-
able.
Follow these simple
steps for developing men-
tal strength and mental
toughness
1) Look at mental tough-
ness as an on-going
process, not as an end
product. You must
work at it consistently.
2) Choose a role model
-- copy the attitude of
a successful person
whom you admire.
3) Lighten up -- engage in
positive self-talk; allow
yourself downtime;
and, don’t expect to be
perfect.
4) Control your emotions --
you will be able to stay
focused on your goals
if you control your re-
actions to stressful sit-
uations.
5) Use Routines - use a pre-
game routine; use a pre-
execution routine.
Choose your role model
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201620
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| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 21
D
o you think that
life has become too
mundane and the
same chores are being repeat-
ed every day! At work, there
is less enthusiasm to do the
things that once excited you!
These maybe signs that you
need a job change. There are
small signs that present them-
selves to us making us under-
stand that we need to change
our job or even our profile. You
may not always be happy do-
ing things you have been doing
for a long time and you may
think that it is time for you to
explore other talents or career
options or anything but what
you are currently doing.
There are 10 signs that
you need to watch out for that
indicate you need to change
your job:
1. Waiting too long:
When you spend a consid-
erable time in one organiza-
tion, at times it does become a
little monotonous to go back to
the same environment. Unless
you have a highly engaging job
profile and are completely sat-
isfiedwithyourprofileandyour
employer or you have simply
become complacent, then prob-
ably thinking of a job change
may not seem like your cup of
tea. However, if you have been
thinking about a change of job
and you have waited too long
for this to happen, then it is an
indication that you should get
up and look for a new job! An
occasional bad-day happens to
everyone but if the feeling of
not doing what you are doing
now continues for a long time
then please start looking out.
2. Remuneration:
If you think you have been
giving too much of your time
and not being compensated
accordingly, then maybe you
need to explore new avenues.
Sometimes you tend to wait for
a while to get the right remu-
neration however if this does
not come across as expected,
you would soon tend to lose
interest in your job and may
want to move out.
“If it no longer works
for you, then leave”
10 signs you need to change your job
Careers | Ankita Biswas|
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 21
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201622
3. Lamenting:
You may not be the type
of person to lament about
work in front of anyone but
suddenly you find yourself
talking too much about work
pressure, then it is an indica-
tion that you have to look out.
You will see yourself lament-
ing about your work in front
of family and friends, then you
surely are not enjoying what
you are doing and it is time to
change. It is important to take
note that talking about your
work with your peer group is
healthy, however if this talk-
ing suddenly turns into wail-
ing then it is best to look for a
change.
4. Sleep pattern:
Sleep in the most impor-
tant aspect of your daily well-
being and if you are not get-
ting adequate sleep daily then
it is not a good sign for your
body. Sleep pattern getting
disturbed can be caused by
a variety of things but when
work is the foremost thing
playing on your mind, then it
is surely not doing any good
for you. You go to sleep wor-
rying about work and get up
worrying about your job then
it is time to change. Thinking
about your schedule is good,
but sleeping on your schedule
is not.
5. Mental and physical
stress:
For many individuals go-
ing to work is a sort of stress
buster, but if this same situ-
ation reverses, then it is time
for a change. Work stress can
lead to frequent headaches,
feeling physically unfit, feeling
lethargic to go to work, indicat-
ing that maybe you need to sit
back and think about your de-
cision to continue or quit.
6. Lack Passion:
If you are checking your
Facebook or Whatsapp or oth-
er social networking sites a lit-
tle often rather than complet-
ing the work assigned, then
it is an indication you need to
change. You no longer feel the
same passion for your work as
you used to. The triggers to
feel less passionate about your
work can be innumerable. You
need to do introspection and
list down the points that make
you feel so.
7. Irrelevant Excuses:
If you are looking at triv-
ial excuses to stay away from
work, then it is time to change.
An occasional day-off is abso-
lutely fine, but if the pattern
endures then it is definitely
time to change.
8. Increase in alcohol con-
sumption:
You are a social drinker
and enjoy a drink or two with
friends over a weekend or
holidays; but if this goes on
to become a daily binge then
it could be that you are under
stress. Stress caused due to
work inducing you to drink or
smoke more, are indications
that you have to start looking
out. Everyone faces stress in
some form or the other, how-
ever if this same stress climbs
up the ladder and starts con-
trolling you by changing your
health habits, then it is time to
move out.
9. Going to work anxiety:
If you dread getting up
every morning to get on with
the day, then it may be time to
think about your job. All of us
experience a very coined phe-
nomena of Monday Morning
Blues but if this continuous
the entire week making you
feel less motivated, then prob-
ably its best to start looking
around. Weekends are some-
thing that individuals relish
however if you have a stomach
crunching feeling to go to work
the next day, then do start ex-
ploring new avenues.
10. Not challenging enough:
All these factors above also
contribute to the fact that your
job is not challenging enough
for you to stay. You have been
there, done that and now need
something extra in your role,
but if it does not come through,
you start getting anxious.
These are also signs that you
need to change.
Job change is not easy in
today’s time and age. With
changing market avenues and
a dynamically changing econ-
omy, it is even more impera-
tive for one to think hard be-
fore moving out. Although the
above mentioned points can
act as markers for a change in
job, however it is best to con-
sider all options together be-
fore looking out. It is good to
know and study the market
but becoming openly available
for employers in the market,
is another story. Job security
and remuneration are very
important and hence it is best
to tread carefully before mov-
ing to the next job rather than
taking up the first opportunity
that comes your way.
“And the only way to do
great work is to love what you
do. If you haven’t found it yet,
KEEP LOOKING. DON’T
SETTLE. As with all mat-
ters of the heart, you’ll
know when you find it.”
- Steve Jobs
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201622
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| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 23
Admissions
Important Dates
Last date for online sub-
mission of application: 15th
September 2016.
Written Test: 8th De-
cember 2016.
Date of interviews (only
for selected candidates): 8th
and 9th December 2016.
Applications are invited
from highly motivated stu-
dents for a research schol-
arship to do a Ph.D. at the
Inter-University Centre
for Astronomy and Astro-
physics (IUCAA), Pune
(an autonomous institution
of the university grants com-
mission) or the National
Centre for Radio Astro-
physics (NCRA), Pune (a
centre of the Tata Institute
of Fundamental Research
(TIFR), a Deemed Univer-
sity), which has built, and
operated by the Giant Me-
treware Radio Telescope
(GMRT).
IUCAA and NCRA:
IUCAA offers challeng-
ing opportunities to young
researchers in theory, obser-
vation, and instrumentation
in Astronomy and Astro-
physics. Recently, IUCAA
has acquired a share in
the 10 m Southern African
Large Telescope (SALT),
and operates the IUCAA Gi-
rawali Observatory (IGO)
with 2 m optical telescope.
Both the telescopes are with
imaging, spectroscopic and
polarimetric capabilities.
IUCAA has a high perfor-
mance computational facil-
ity, and a good library.
NCRA offers exciting op-
portunities for research in
Astronomy and Astrophys-
ics, as well as instrumenta-
tion, with an emphasis on
Radio Astronomy. NCRA
has built and operates the
Giant Metrewave Radio
Telescope, which is located
near Pune, and is the big-
gest and most powerful ra-
dio telescope in the world at
low radio frequencies. It has
been used internationally
and has led to several signif-
icant discoveries. NCRA has
modern computing facilities
and a well-stocked library.
Eligibility:
Applications are invited
from students who expect
to complete their M.Sc., In-
tegrated M.Sc., or B.E./B.
Tech./M.E./M.Tech. degrees
by July 2017 with 55%
marks or more. Students
in any branch of the B.E.,
B.Tech., M.E. or M.Tech.
degrees, or in the Phys-
ics, Electronics, Astronomy
or Applied Mathematics
branches of the B.Sc., or
M.Sc., degrees, are eligible
to apply for INAT-2016.
Students who have already
completed any of the above
degrees are also eligible. In
addition, talented final-year
B.Sc., 1st year M.Sc., 4th
year Integrated M.Sc. and
2nd/3rd year B.E./B.Tech.
students may also apply to
be pre-selected for the Ph.D.
programme at IUCAA.
Students who complete
their M.Sc./Integrated,
M.Sc./M.E./M.Tech. degrees
by July 2017 will be eligible
for selection to the Ph.D.
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 23
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201624
programme of both IUCAA
and NCRA-TIFR. Students
who complete their B.E./B.
Tech. degrees by July 2017
are eligible for selection
to the Ph.D. programme
at IUCAA and to the Inte-
grated Ph.D. programme at
NCRA-TIFR (except for En-
gineering Physics students,
who will be eligible for selec-
tion to the Ph.D. programme
at NCRA-TIFR). Students
who complete their B.Sc.
degrees by July 2017 will
be eligible for selection to
the Integrated Ph.D. pro-
gramme at NCRA-TIFR and
for pre-selection to the Ph.D.
programme at IUCAA.
Selection Procedure:
We are looking for high-
ly motivated students with
a consistently good academ-
ic record. While we strongly
encourage students from
engineering backgrounds
to apply for INAT-2016, we
emphasize that we are look-
ing for students who are in-
terested in carrying out doc-
toral research in Physics, or
Astronomy and Astrophys-
ics. We hence expect pro-
spective candidates to have
a good understanding of ba-
sic Physics.
Based on the applica-
tions and referee assess-
ments, a subset of the can-
didates will be short-listed
and invited to take the writ-
ten test, to be held in Pune
on Thursday, December
8, 2016. Candidates with
55% or more marks in the
qualifying examination may
walk-in for the written test
by producing valid photo
identification and a copy
of their most recent mark
sheet. They should report
at the Chandrasekhar Au-
ditorium, IUCAA by 9:00
a.m. for verification of
these documents, to ensure
that there are no logistical
problems. The final selec-
tion to the research schol-
arship will be based on the
results of the written test
(on Thursday, December 8,
2016) and two interviews
(on Thursday, December 8,
and/or Friday, December
9, 2016), both to be held in
Pune. Note that, for both
IUCAA and NCRA-TIFR,
the selection through INAT
is in addition to the se-
lection through the Joint
Entrance Screening Test
(JEST).
Nature of the Written
Test:
The test will be of two
hours duration. The ques-
tion paper will have two
parts, A and B. Part A will
contain twenty objective-
type questions on basic
Mathematics, Physics and
Electronics. Part B will
contain another twenty ob-
jective-type questions from
advanced Physics, Math-
ematics and Electronics/
Engineering. For each ques-
tion, candidates will have to
identify and mark the cor-
rect answer from the given
four answers. For a correct
answer, there will be +3
(plus three) marks, and for
a wrong answer, there will
be -1 (minus one) mark.
Based on their perfor-
mance in the written test,
a limited number of candi-
dates will be invited for two
interviews, which will be
conducted on December 8
and/or 9, 2016.
The final selection will
be based on the scores in the
written test and interviews.
Candidates selected by ei-
ther IUCAA or NCRA are
expected to join in August
2017 (except for pre-select-
ed candidates), after satis-
factory completion of their
qualifying examination.
How to apply:
Candidates should fill
an online Application Form
available at www.ncra.tifr.
res.in/
For more details refer
website.
Contact Details:
Address: The Admin-
istrative Officer (Core Pro-
grammes), Inter-University
Centre for Astronomy and
Astrophysics (IUCAA), Pune
University Campus, Post
Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune -
411 007, Maharashtra.
Phone:	 (020) 25604100
/ 25691414
Fax:	 (020) 2 5604699
E-mail: Contact I
Website: www.iucaa.ernet.
in, www.ncra.tifr.res.in/
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201624
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 25
Important Dates
Last date for receipt of
application form (without
late fee): 17th September
2016.
University of Mumbai
invites online application
for admission to UG/PG
Programs through Distance
and Open Learning mode for
2016.
Programmes
offered:
B.A. (History‚ Political
Science‚ Sociology‚
Economics‚ Education‚
Psychology‚ Commerce‚ Rural
Development‚ English‚ Hindi
and Marathi)
B.Com (Accounts/
Management Group)
B.Sc. (Information
Technology)
B.Sc. (Computer Science)
B.Sc. (Nautical
Technology)
M.A. (History‚ Sociology‚
Economics‚ Marathi‚ English‚
Hindi‚ Gujarati and Politics)
M.A. (Education)
M.Com (Accounts /
Management)
MA/M.Sc. (Mathematics)
M.Sc. (Information
Technology)
M.Sc. (Computer Science)
MCA *(Master of
Computer Application) 2nd
and 3rd Year
PGDFM (PG Diploma in
Financial Management)
PGDORM (PG Diploma
in Operations Research for
Management)
Eligibility:
The students from CBSE‚
NIOS‚ HSC Boards other than
Maharashtra State‚ Dip Ed
and Degree from other than
University of Mumbai will
have to obtain the Eligibility
Certificate which will be
issued online after approval
from Eligibility Unit‚ Room
No. 108 (A), Institute of
Distance and Open Learning‚
Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma
Bhavan‚ Vidyanagari‚
Santacruz (E), Mumbai-98.
The students should
download their Eligibility
Form online after application
for admission and submit the
same and show all original
certificates in Room no 108
first floor‚ IDOL‚ University
of Mumbai, Kalina Campus.
Documents Required:
1)	HSC and onwards all
examination (F.Y.‚ S.Y.
and T.Y.)
2) 	Proof of Date of Birth.
3) 	Migration / Transference
Certificate.
4) 	Passing/Convocation /
Degree Certificate.
5) 	Marriage Certificate/
Gazette Notification (For
female married students).
Fees for eligibility case:
Document Verification
fees of Rs.400/- will be
charged from UG programme
students who have passed
their Board/University
Examinations from other
than Maharashtra State
Higher Secondary Board and
University of Mumbai (Only
for Eligibility Case).
Eligibility fees of Rs.220/-
for the students who have
passed their examination
from Maharashtra state
Universities/ HSC board‚ Rs.
320/- out of Maharashtra
State University / HSC
Board.
How to Apply:
Application forms will be
available on institute website
www.mu.ac.in, which can be
submitted online. Applicant
can proceed for payment
through online payment
through Credit/Debit Cards‚
Net Banking and Bank
Challan from any branch
of Bank of Maharashtra.
Students of other than
University of Mumbai/ CBSE/
NIOS / other State Boards
should obtain Eligibility
Certificate through online
from this website www.
mahaonline.gov.in
More Details can be
available from the institute
website.
Contact Details:
Address: University of
Mumbai, Institute of Dis-
tance and open Learning
(IDOL), Dr. Shankar Day-
al Sharma Bhavan, Vidy-
anagari, Kalina, Santacruz
(E), Mumbai-400 098.
Phone: 022-26523048 /
26527086
Fax: 022-26527083
E-mail: Contact I
Website: www.mu.ac.in
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 25
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201626
Important Dates
Commencement of Online
application submission: Sep-
tember 1st, 2016.
Last Date for Submission
of Online Application through
Website: October 4th, 2016.
Last Date for Request for
Change in the Choice of Exami-
nation City via GOAPS login:
November 16, 2016.
Availability of Admit Card
on the Online Application Inter-
face for printing: January 5th,
2017.
GATE 2017 Online Exami-
nation4th - 5thFebruary and
11th -12th February, 2017.
Announcement of Results
on the Online Application Web-
site: March 27th, 2017.
Graduate Aptitude Test
in Engineering (GATE) is an
all India examination admin-
istered and conducted jointly
by the Indian Institute of Sci-
ence and seven Indian Insti-
tutes of Technology on behalf
of the National Coordination
Board - GATE, Department of
Higher Education, Ministry of
Human Resource Development
(MHRD), Government of India.
The GATE committee,
which comprises of representa-
tives from the administering in-
stitutes, is the sole authority for
regulating the examination and
declaring the results.
GATE is conducted through
the constitution of eight zones.
The zones and the correspond-
ing administrative institutes
are:
Zone-1: Indian Institute of
Science Bengaluru.
Zone-2: Indian Institute of
Technology Bombay.
Zone-3: Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi.
Zone-4: Indian Institute of
Technology Guwahati.
Zone-5: Indian Institute of
Technology Kanpur.
Zone-6: Indian Institute of
Technology Kharagpur.
Zone-7: Indian Institute of
Technology Madras.
Zone-8: Indian Institute of
Technology Roorkee.
The choice of the paper is
the responsibility of the candi-
date.
GATE Qualification:
Admission to Postgraduate
Courses (Master’s and Doctor-
al) in the country, with MHRD
and other Government Scholar-
ships/ Assistantships in Engi-
neering/ Technology/ Architec-
ture/ Science, is open to those
who qualify in GATE.
Validity of GATE 2017 score
will be for a period of 3 (THREE)
YEARS ONLY from the date of
announcement of results. For all
the papers, GATE 2017 exami-
nation will be conducted in only
ONLINE mode. For some of the
papers the examination will be
conducted in multiple sessions.
For details, please visit GATE
2017 website.
Eligibility:
Candidates in the following
categories ONLY are eligible to
appear for GATE: (a) Bachelor’s
degree holders in Engineer-
ing/ Technology/Architecture (4
years after 10+2/Post-Diploma)
and those who are in the final
year of such programs, (b) Can-
didates in the final year of the
Four-year Bachelor’s degree
program in Science (B.S.). (c)
Master’s degree holders in any
branch of Science/Mathematics/
Statistics/Computer Applica-
tions or equivalent and those
who are in the final year of
such programs, (d) Candidates
in the second or higher year of
the Four-year Integrated Mas-
ter’s degree program (Post-B.
Sc.) in Engineering/ Technol-
ogy, (e) Candidates in the fourth
or higher year of Five-year In-
tegrated Master’s degree pro-
gram or Dual Degree program
in Engineering/Technology, (f)
Candidates in the final year of
Five-year integrated M.Sc. or
Five year integrated B.Sc./M.
Sc. program and (g) Candidates
with qualifications obtained
through examinations conduct-
ed by professional societies rec-
ognized by UPSC/AICTE (e.g.
AMIE by IE(I), AMICE(I) by
the Institute of Civil Engineers
(India)-ICE(I)) as equivalent to
B.E./B.Tech. Those who have
completed section A or equiva-
lent of such professional courses
are also eligible.
Candidates have to apply
only ONLINE. The application
fee is 1500 for General/OBC
male candidates, 750 for female
candidates and 750 for the SC/
ST/PwD category candidates.
The application fee can be paid
either online or through e-chal-
lan via State Bank of India or
Axis Bank (additional bank
(GATE 2017)
Organising Institute - IIT Kanpur
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201626
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 27
charges may apply). The appli-
cation fee is non-refundable.
How to Apply:
Submission of Online Ap-
plication Forms may be made
by accessing the website of the
zonal GATE office of the exami-
nation city where the candidate
wishes to appear. For details on
filling up of online application
form and the application pro-
cess, please refer to the websites
of IISc or any of the IITs as list-
ed below.
Zonal GATE Office	 T e n t a -
tive List of Examination Cit-
ies:
Chairperson, GATE,
IISc Bangalore, Benga-
luru - 560 012
Website: gate.iisc.ernet.in	
Alappuzha, Aluva, Ananthapur,
Attingal, Bagalkot, Bangalore,
Belgaum, Bellary, Bidar, Chen-
gannur, Davengere, Gulbarga,
Hassan, Hubli, Idukki, Kannur,
Kanjirapally, Kasaragod, Ko-
lar, Kollam, Kothamangalam,
Kottayam, Kozhikode, Kurnool,
Malappuram, Mangalore, Ma-
nipal, Muvattupuzha, Mysore,
Nedumangad, Pala, Palakkad,
Payyannur, Port Blair, Pu-
nalur, Shimoga, Thrissur, Tum-
kur and Vadakara.
Chairperson, GATE, IIT
Bombay, Powai, Mumbai
- 400 076
Website: www.gate.iitb.
ac.in	Ahmedabad, Ahmed-
nagar, Amravati, Anand, Au-
rangabad, Bhavnagar, Bhuj,
Gandhinagar, Goa, Hyderabad,
Jalgaon, Kolhapur, Lonawala,
Mehsana, Mumbai, Nagpur,
Nanded, Nashik, Navi Mumbai,
Pune, Rajkot, Ratnagiri, Sangli,
Satara, Secunderabad, Solapur,
Surat, Thane and Vadodara.
Chairperson, GATE, IIT
Delhi, Hauz Khas, New
Delhi - 110016
Website: gate.iitd.ac.in	
Ajmer, Alwar, Bahadurgarh,
Bikaner, New Delhi, Delhi-
NCR, Faridabad, Gurgaon,
Hisar-Rohtak, Indore, Jammu,
Jaipur, Jodhpur, Karnal, Kota,
Mathura, Palwal, Sikar, Udai-
pur-Chittorgarh and Ujjain.
Chairperson, GATE, IIT
Guwahati, Guwahati -
781039
Website: www.iitg.er-
net.in/gate	A g a r t a l a ,
Asansol,Dhanbad, Durgapur,
Gangtok, Guwahati, Imphal,
Jorhat, Kalyani, Patna, Silchar,
Siliguri, Shillong and Tezpur.
Chairperson, GATE, IIT
Kanpur, Kanpur - 208016
Website: www.iitk.ac.in/
gate	Agra, Aligarh, Alla-
habad, Bareilly, Bhopal, Gwali-
or, Jabalpur, Kanpur, Lucknow
and Varanasi.
Chairperson, GATE, IIT
Kharagpur, Kharag-
pur - 721302
Website: gate.iitkgp.
ac.in	Balasore, Berhampur
(Odisha), Bhilai, Bhimavaram,
Bhubaneswar, Bilaspur (CG),
Cuttack, Eluru, Hooghly, Jam-
shedpur, Kakinada, Kharagpur,
Kolkata, Raipur, Rajahmundry,
Ranchi, Rourkela, Sambalpur,
Tadepalligudem, Vijayawada
and Visakhapatnam.
Chairperson, GATE,
IIT Madras, Chennai -
600036
Website: gate.iitm.ac.in	
Angamaly , Bapatla, Chennai
North, Chennai South, Chit-
toor, Coimbatore, Cuddalore,
Dindigul, Ernakulam, Erode,
Gudur, Guntur, Kadapa, Kan-
yakumari, Karimnagar, Karur,
Khammam, Madurai, Nager-
coil, Nalgonda, Namakkal,
Nellore, Ongole, Puducherry
(Pondicherry), Salem, Thanja-
vur, Thiruchengode, Thiruvan-
namalai, Thiruvananthapuram,
Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli, Tir-
upati, Tuticorin, Vellore, Villu-
puram, Virudhunagar and Wa-
rangal.
Chairperson, GATE, IIT
Roorkee,Roorkee-247667
Website: www.iitr.ac.in/
gate	Ambala, Amritsar,
Bathinda, Chandigarh-Mohali-
Fatehgarh Sahib, Dehradun,
Ghaziabad, Haldwani-Bhimtal,
Hamirpur (HP)-Una, Jaland-
har-Phagwara, Kurukshetra,
Ludhiana-Moga, Meerut, Mo-
radabad, Noida, Panchkula, Pa-
nipat, Pathankot, Patiala-San-
grur, Roorkee-Muzaffarnagar,
Saharanpur, Sirmaur, Solan-
Shimla, Sonepat and Yamu-
nanagar.
* List of cities may change.
Please consult corresponding
zonal GATE office websites for
complete list of cities.
The application fee GATE
2017:
Male Candidates (General/
OBC) - Rs. 1500/-
Women Candidates of any
category - Rs. 750/-
Other Candidates (General/
OBC) - Rs. 1500/-
SC / ST / PwD* Category
Candidates - Rs. 750/-
The application fee is non-
refundable. For GATE 2017
payments would have to be
made through online by select-
ing either SBI I-collect or Axis
Bank I-Connect, or using any
bank Debit Card/Credit Card,
Net Banking and e-challan fa-
cilities ONLY. Additional charg-
es will be applicable as per the
rule of the bank from where the
money is being transferred. Ta-
ble 4.5 gives the charges as ap-
plicable for State Bank of India
(SBI) I-Collect and Axis Bank I-
Connect where the GATE 2017
account is and where the money
is to be transferred.
More details can be avail-
able from the institute website.
Contact Details:
Address: GATE Office,
Indian Institute of Technology-
Kanpur, Kanpur - 208 016
Phone: 0512 2597412
Fax: 0512 2590932
E-mail:	 Contact I
Website: gate.iitk.ac.in
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 27
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201628
Scholarships
Applications are invited
for Chevening Cyber Se-
curity Fellowship which
is funded by the UK Foreign
and Commonwealth Office.
This is a 12-week fully fund-
ed residential programme de-
livered at Cranfield Univer-
sity at the Defence Academy
of the United Kingdom.
The Chevening Cyber Se-
curity Fellowship is aimed
at mid-career professionals
with demonstrable leader-
ship potential in the field of
cyber security or cyber policy
in India.
Chevening is the UK
government’s international
awards scheme aimed at de-
veloping global leaders since
1983. Funded by the Foreign
and Commonwealth Office
(FCO) and partner organisa-
tions, Chevening offers two
types of award – Chevening
Scholarships and Chevening
Fellowships – the recipients
of which are personally se-
lected by British Embas-
sies and High Commissions
throughout the world.
In order to receive a
Chevening Award, all ap-
plicants must demonstrate
that they have fulfilled the
Chevening English language
requirement by 13 July 2017.
Course Level: This
is a 12-week fully funded
residential programme.
Study Subject: Fellow-
ship is awarded in the field of
cyber security or cyber policy.
Scholarship Award:
Each fellowship includes:
•	 Full programme fees.
•	 Living expenses for the du-
ration of the fellowship.
•	 Return economy flight from
India to the UK.
Scholarship can be taken
in the UK
Eligibility: To be eligible for
a Chevening Cyber Secu-
rity Fellowship, you must:
•	 Be a citizen of India and
currently live in the coun-
try. Students must not hold
British nationality.
•	 Have at least seven years’
relevant work experience
prior to applying.
•	 Have significant work ex-
perience in cyber security
or cyber policy issues, ei-
ther as a policy formulator,
commentator, or academic.
•	 Have an excellent academic
background in science, en-
gineering or technology, or
considerable experience of
working in such fields and
good working knowledge of
English to be assessed by
the qualified English lan-
guage assessor.
•	 Have a postgraduate level
qualification (or equivalent
professional training or ex-
perience in a relevant area)
Cyber Security Fellowship for
Indian students in UK, 2017
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 29
at the time of application.
	 Agree to adhere to all rel-
evant guidelines and expec-
tations for the programme.
Nationality: Citizens of
India can apply for this
fellowship programme.
College Admission Re-
quirement
Entrance Requirement:
Applicant must have a post-
graduate level qualification
(or equivalent professional
training or experience in a
relevant area) at the time
of application.
Test Requirement: No
English Language Require-
ment: Chevening accepts
English language tests
from five providers:
•	 Academic IELTS
•	 Pearson PTE Academic
•	 TOEFL Ibt
•	 Cambridge English: Ad-
vanced (CEA)
•	 Trinity ISE II (B2)
How to Apply: Applications
for Chevening Fellowships
can be submitted using the
Chevening online applica-
tion system. Prior to start
application for a Chevening
Fellowship please ensure
applicants have the follow-
ing ready:
Essential:
•	 Two references to be pro-
vided in a letter format and
written in English
•	 Valid passport/national ID
13th Manthan Awards
South Asia, 2016
card
•	 University transcripts (un-
dergraduate, postgraduate)
•	 Please note that only docu-
ments in PDF format can
be uploaded and documents
cannot be over 5MB in size.
Optional: English lan-
guage (if already met the re-
quirements)
Applicants can submit an
initial application without
the optional document and
upload them to their applica-
tion at a later date.
Application Dead-
line: Applications for this
fellowship award will open
from 15 August to 30 Sep-
tember 2016.
The Manthan Award is
an annual award for South
Asia given in recognition of
exceptional digital content
creation. Nominations are
accepted from the public and
multiple awards are given in
many categories.
Manthan Award South
Asia and its aim:
Manthan Award South
Asia is a first of its kind ini-
tiative to discover, recognise
and honour the best use of
ICT and digital tools for de-
velopmental purposes. The
Award is less about technolo-
gy and digital media but more
about the right use of digital
and technological tools to em-
power people.
The specific objective of
the Award is to bring to the
attention of all stakehold-
ers such as governments,
business and industry and
civil society organisations
engaged in the development
sector significant ICTD ini-
tiatives and valuable digital
content that are successfully
serving underserved com-
munities especially in rural
areas and urban slums. Most
of these success stories go un-
heralded in the mainstream
media as these ICT interven-
tions often operate in media-
blind areas and sectors.
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 29
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201630
Consequently, there is lit-
tle knowledge-sharing among
the progenitors of these ini-
tiatives which in turn hin-
ders the emergence of an
ecosystem that feeds on this
knowledge and enables scal-
ing up of these initiatives and
coordination among them
for much larger impact. The
Manthan Award South Asia
seeks to bridge this gap and
create a platform that will
not only highlight such ICTD
initiatives but also help to
create a network and data-
base of such players that will
enable all stakeholders to
contribute in a way that will
enhance the overall impact of
such ICT interventions.
The online process of ac-
cepting nominations for the
13th
 Manthan Award SOUTH
ASIA starts from August 18,
2016. Every nomination is
required to submit a ‘Product
Demo’ presentation as well
as a ‘How to use’ Video. The
Manthan Award South Asia
brings together the best ICT
for Development experts from
South Asia region as jurors,
to deliberate and decide upon
the award-winning digital in-
terventions and e-content in
the region.
Each nomination will be
assessed according to the
following criteria:
•	 Award nominations sub-
mitted by individuals on
behalf of public or private
sector organizations, uni-
versity, or research and de-
velopment institutions and
non-government organiza-
tions will be considered.
•	 Any nominated project
has to complete at least 4
months on-ground by Au-
gust 2016. Start-ups can
send their new launched
projects started after 1st
July 2016 in our new cat-
egory called Early Stage.
•	 Award Nominations only
from South Asia region will
be considered.
•	 Award nominations from
past year winners for the
same project will not be
considered.
•	 Award nominations must
provide clear and concrete
information about your ini-
tiative, organization, the
team involved.
•	 Any single entry of nomina-
tion will not be considered
under multiple categories.
•	 Irrespective of the product/
project language, all pro-
ducer, and project informa-
tion must be in English.
•	 No direct entries from Ban-
gladesh for the Manthan
Awards South Asia will be
entertained from this year.
All entries from the coun-
try will only be allowed
through BRAC Manthan
Digital Innovation Award
(BMDIA), a collaborative
initiative of BRAC and
DEF.
NOMINATION GUIDE-
LINES
•	 There are no charges appli-
cable for nominating any
project in Manthan Award
South Asia Nomination
processes.
•	 There are no limitation on
submitted number of Nom-
ination from any organisa-
tion i.e. one can submit’n’
number of nominations for
different projects from one
organisation.
•	 Manthan Award South
Asia, being applicable
across South Asia region
invites Best Practioners
from all 8 South Asia coun-
tries to nominate for the
best ICT innovations from
their countries.
•	 The Manthan Awards are
open to any of the follow-
ing in the SOUTH ASIA
region.
1.	Governments
2.	Individuals/Students
3.	Entrepreneurs
4.	Industry (Private Sector
Companies/Corporate)
5.	Academician and Academ-
ic institutions
6.	NGOs/NPOs
•	 Winning Nominees of past
years cannot submit the
same project again at Man-
than Award South Asia
2016.
•	 The same project can be
applied again if it was not
a winning entry of any of
the past 12 editions.
•	 Any partner to Manthan
Award South Asia is eligi-
ble to apply for the Nomi-
nation process of any of
their project as Jury is
completely an indepen-
dent process, irrespective
of Manthan Award South
Asia stakeholders.
•	 Any false information sub-
mitted about the project
will immediately lead to
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201630
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 31
permanent disqualification
of the Nominee.
•	 Irrespective of the prod-
uct/project language, all
producer and project infor-
mation must be in English
only.
•	 Any nomination form re-
ceived after the last date of
registration will not be en-
tertained.
•	 Any partially filled/not
filled registration form will
be rejected.
•	 Nomination form shall be
submitted either online
or offline (via email), how-
ever we recommend you
to choose online method to
take the advantage of up-
date/editing filled informa-
tion.
•	 Please note that either a
PPT or a small video about
the project is a mandatory
requirement of the Nomi-
nation form.
•	 Any applicant may edit/
modify the details in the
Nomination form till the
last date of accepting the
Nomination form using
their credentials.
•	 The fields marked manda-
tory in nomination forms
are necessary to be filled by
the nominee.
•	 Any Nomination entry
without Video or the PPT
shall be considered as an
incomplete entry & will
not be counted for the final
stage of Jury evaluation.
•	 The entry will not be con-
sidered if any nominee
fails to submit the entire
details of the nomination
forms till the last date of
Nomination.
•	 A Nominee shall consider
the following documents
to send with the completed
nomination form-
1.	Presentation (covering in-
formation about the proj-
ect they have applied for)
[Mandatory]
2.	Logo of the project [Manda-
tory]
3.	Video on the project [Man-
datory]
4.	Letter of Acknowledge-
ment/Letter of apprecia-
tion [if any] by any recog-
nized entity or any publica-
tions Online/Offline of the
Nominated project being
submitted.
5.	Brief profile of
Producer[optional]
6.	Screenshots of website, im-
ages, real site photos.
•	 All materials received dur-
ing the judging process will
remain confidential and
will not be shared with any
external entity without the
consent of the concerned
person(s).
•	 All the materials received
[PPTs, Videos, Screen-
shots, Photos etc.] dur-
ing the nomination can be
used by Manthan Award
SOUTH ASIA Secretariat
to produce any internal or
winning project informa-
tion/knowledge videos.
•	 Jury Evaluation shall be
organized in October 2016.
•	 All shortlisted Nominees
shall get information about
their nomination in the
last week of October 2016.
•	 Online Registration and
Exhibition booking will be
open from October 2016.
•	 Manthan Award South
Asia 2016 event is sched-
uled to take place on 02nd
December, 2016 at Sura-
jkund Mela venue, Sura-
jkund, Haryana, (not very
far from New Delhi, India).
Evaluation Criteria:
•	 Content and services Quan-
tify the quality of content
and services delivery, the
relevance of content and its
utility value.
•	 Impact, accessibility, and
sustainability: Quantify
and qualify the social im-
pact and the commercial
viability of the application.
Accessibility of the system,
technology, interface and
its inclusive nature for all
kinds of users.
•	 Functionality/navigation:
Please highlight the user-
friendliness and interac-
tive nature of the applica-
tion.
•	 USP and strategic value:
Please focus on the unique-
ness of the idea and easi-
ness of strategy replica-
tion.
•	 Benefit and utility: Please
describe the real benefit to
last mile users.
•	 Overall Experience: The
overall experience of the
user about the project or
service or content delivery
Applicants can submit
the applications using on-
line application mode.
Nomination closing
date: 15 September 2016.
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 31
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201632
GENERAL KNOWLEDGE |Harpreet Kaur |
R
ajasthan is filled with
legends of Rajputs and
one would love to see
where it all begins in this day
and age. 
In 1914 His Excellency
Lord Hardinge of Penshurst,
Viceroy and Governor Gen-
eral of India on 8/2/1914 in-
augurated the institution.
Maharaja Sir Pratap Singhji,
Regent, Jodhpur State and
Lady Hardinge, were present
at the inauguration. The new
elegant red sandstone build-
ing in Rajput Style is having
an enormous façade. A red
sandstone inscription reads:
“This building was opened
by Baron Hardinge of
Penshurst, Viceroy and
Governor General on 8th
February, 1914.” Begun
in 1875 by Maharaja Prat-
ap Singhji, this school was
started for the wards of the
Thakurs of Jodhpur state.
This school was begun in the
same year as Mayo College.
The school was originally
named Powlett Nobles Elgin
Rajput School. A carved mar-
ble monogram displays this
name at the top of the main
school building façade and
aboveitisinscribed“RanBan-
ka Rathore” in Hindi. Four
Boarding Houses were built
and are called  ”Hardinge
Rajput School of
Chopasani at Jodhpur
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201632
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 33
House”,  ”Elgine House”, 
“Powlett House” and the last
“Pratap House”.
What makes this school
special is that it has two very
important institutes within.
These include Rajasthani
Sabd Kosh that was begun by
Sita Ram Lalas who has been
compiling a dictionary and
has given 40 years of service
to this institute. The Rajast-
hani Sodh Sansthan is a re-
search institute for scholars
and researchers who want to
discover anything about Raj-
asthan.
The walls of the hall are
filled with pictures of stu-
dents of yesteryears many of
whom joined the First Rajput
Regiment. Although not a
new institute this school still
makes an impression in the
mind and heart when men-
tioned.  
Rajasthani Shabdkosh
Rajasthani is a rich lan-
guage and the need of a com-
prehensive Dictionary was
desperately felt. This would
facilitate not only the study
in Rajasthani language but
also of several languages in
the Indo-European languag-
es. Renowned linguist and
lexicographer Sita Ram Lalas
devoted 40 years of yeoman
service in the compilation of
this glorious work. His efforts
were supported by Shri Uday
Raj Ujjwal and Pt. Nitya
Nand Dadheech. The task of
publication of the Rajasthani
Sabad-Kosh was taken up
by Rajasthani Shodh Sans-
than with the inspiration of
the then chairperson of the
Education Committee Shri
Bheron Singh ji Khejadla and
Secretary Shri Vijay Singh ji
Siriyari. The first volume of
the Shabdkosh with a long
preface by Sansthan’s Direc-
tor Dr. Narayan Singh Bhati
was published in 1962. The
volume was acclaimed as a
significant academic work
by Indian as well as foreign
scholars. The volume includ-
ed two hundred thousand
(2 lakh) words. Rajasthan
Government and the Gov-
ernment of India generously
funded this project of Cho-
pasni Shiksha Samiti and
the sub-committee appointed
by it utilized all resources
available and the contribu-
tion of former secretary Late
Col. Thakur Shyam Singhji
has to be recorded. The shab-
dkosh was published in nine
volumes.
This Shabdkosh merits
distinction in including thou-
sands of words with examples
from literature, dialects, sub-
dialects, religion, philosophy,
vedic-wisdom, astrology and
agriculture. Etymologies of
each entry and its formations
have been traced. An im-
proved version of the Shabd-
kosh has been revised, edited
and published. Besides this,
Dr. Saddique Mohammad
has edited Muhavra-Kosh
(An encyclopedia of prov-
erbs) Sankshipta Rajasthani,
Hindi Shabdkosh (A concise
Dictionary of Rajasthani)
and Rajasthani-Hindi Arthik
and Vyaparik Shabdkosh (A
Rjasthani Hindi Dictionary
of Economic and commer-
cial terms). These have been
published. Presently the Ra-
jasthani sabadkosh bureau
is preparing the Rajasthani
Sanskriti-kosh (A dictionary
of Rajasthani Culture) which
is expected to be ready for
publication soon.
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 33
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201634
Rajasthani Shodh Sanst-
han
Rajasthan has been the
“heart-land” of India. There
are many glorious legends
of sacrifice, virility, devotion
and they glorified Indian his-
tory on one hand and fasci-
nated audiences world over
through differing aspects of
cultural and performing arts.
Although much of its literary
treasure was destroyed and
plundered during different
invasions, some of the price-
lessly valuable manuscripts
have been salvaged and pre-
served. Intensive research,
procurement, classification
and editing have gone into
making this significant heri-
tage available for posterity
and prospective scholars.
The Manuscripts are
available for specific pur-
pose of research. Rajasthani
Shodh Sansthan was estab-
lished in 1955. Dr. Narain
Singh Bhati (1955-1993) was
assigned the task of its es-
tablishment and structuring
it. He gave it the present sta-
tus and led research from the
front. As on date this institute
has a national reputation and
is a research centre (recog-
nized by Jai Narain Vyas Uni-
versity, Jodhpur) for doctoral
and post doctoral research in
Rajasthani Language, Litera-
ture and Medieval History.
Since 1957, the Govern-
ment of Rajasthan has been
matching 90% grant-in-aid
available to this research in-
stitute of quality research.
Rajasthan Sahitya Academy
(Rajasthan Academy of Let-
ters) and Government of In-
dia have been funding special
programmes and projects of
the institute.
Rajasthani Shodh Sansthan has a rich collection of 16,734
rare manuscripts. Besides these several standard publications
have attracted a number of scholars from various Indian Univer-
sities and overseas. They frequently visit this institute. Over 600
of them have been benefited by the invaluable research material
by now. Today it is headed by Dr. Vikram Singh Bhati.
‘Parampara’ (‘the tradition’) is the research journal pub-
lished quarterly by Rajasthani Shodh Sansthan. 147 special
issues of the journal have been published by now. The institute
has a collection of 16743 rare manuscripts, about 300 paint-
ings of Rajput school of painting, speeches of learned speak-
ers and research papers. The Institute guides and assists re-
search scholars by providing catalogues of manuscripts, pub-
lications of the anthologies of the works of Rajasthani poets,
compilation of Rajasthani Sabad Kosh by organizing seminars
and symposia on Rajasthani Literature and History.
Parampara, a journal
This is a quarterly publication concentrating on Rajas-
thani culture. There are special issues many of them col-
lectibles like the one on Dingalkosh, Rajasthani Sahitya ka
Aadi kaal (Ancient period of Rajasthani), Rajasthani sahitya
ka Madhya Kaal (Medieval period of Rajasthani Literature),
Lokgeet (Folk songs), Etihasik Baate (Historical Legends)
that find a place in the University syllabus as reference books.
The series have been published uninterrupted.
The issues contain articles on history, literature, folk liter-
ature and culture. An authenticate version has several genres
like Baat, khyat, vachanika, [prosody, lexicography, grammer,
interpretation, transcriptions, historical perspective, analyti-
cal study of folk literature, criticism, songs, couplets etc. Some
issues have been devoted to modern Rajasthani Literature.
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201634
u
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 35
Events
yy The floods in Assam sweep
away at least 13 of Kaziran-
ga National Park’s Rhinos.
The park has an estimated
population of about 2,400
one-horned Great Indian
Rhinoceros.
yy Five people on board a mili-
tary helicopter are killed
when it was shot down over
Syria, in the single dead-
liest incident for Moscow
since it intervened in the
war.
yy A Syrian rescue service op-
erating in rebel-held ter-
ritory says a helicopter
dropped containers of toxic
gas overnight on a town
close to where a Russian
military helicopter had
been shot down some hours
earlier.
04/08/2016
yy After being subject to
months of haggling, the
Goods and Services Tax fi-
nally has its historic day in
the Rajya Sabha, with the
passage of the Bill to amend
the constitution, paving the
way for the “One Nation,
One Tax” concept.
01/08/2016
yy One person is killed and
four others are injured in a
shooting in Austin, Texas.
The incident began in a
busy downtown area filled
with bars and night clubs.
The Police warn the people
on Twitter to steer clear of
the area because of an “ac-
tive shooter”.
yy Turkey’s Government dis-
misses nearly 1,400 military
personnel, including a top
aide to President Recep-
Tayyip Erdogan in the latest
round of a sweeping purge
following a failed coup.
02/08/2016
03/08/2016
yy The Government confirms
that the number of Indian
workers “affected” by finan-
cial crisis in the Saudi King-
dom is 7,700. The Minister
of State for external affairs
Gen.V.K.Singh leaves for
Saudi Arabia to ascertain
the situation.
yy Maoist Chief Prachanda is
elected by law makers as
Nepal’s Prime Minister for
a second time. He promises
to work as a bridge between
communities.
05/08/2016
yy Peepti Live Co-director-
Mohmood Farooqui is sen-
tenced to seven years in jail
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 35
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201636 | |GYAN VitaranamAugust 15 - September 14, 2016 36
yy A fast-moving fire that ap-
peared to be accidental
sweeps through a birthday
party in a basement bar in
the north west French city
of Roven, killing at least 13
people and injuring six oth-
ers, according to authorities.
08/08/2016
yy A 53-year old man falls to
his death from a height of
around 100 feet barely 53
seconds after he took to
parasailing on CODISSIA
Grounds in Coimbatore.
The accident occurred alleg-
edly because the organiz-
ers of the adventure sport
failed to fasten his belt to
the paragliding gears.
der Security Forces (BSF)
are killed in a surprise at-
tack by militants in the
Kupwara district of North
Kashmir. The attack was
followed by an hour long
ceasefire violation by Paki-
stani troops. One militant
is killed by the retaliatory
fire.
yy A suicide bomber explodes
in a Pakistani hospital in
Quetta, killing at least 70
people and injuring over
100 people. Most of the vic-
tims were lawyers who had
gathered at the hospital af-
ter the fatal shooting of a
senior local lawyer earlier
in the day.
10/08/2016
by a court for raping a U.S.
researcher in New Delhi
last year. The court also im-
poses a fine of Rs.50, 000 on
the film maker.
yy Suthahar Subburaj an In-
dian chief in Omaha, Ne-
braska is punched repeat-
edly in the face and called
“ISIS” by an unidentified
man, in an alleged hate
crime incident.
06/08/2016
yy At least 14 people includ-
ing one militant are killed,
and over 20 injured when
suspected Bodo militants
attack BalajanTiniati mar-
ket of Kokrajhar district in
Assam.
yy A Pakistan-American cou-
ple Nazia and Faizal Ali
claim that they were re-
moved from a U.S. bound
flight from Paris as an on-
board crew member felt
“uncomfortable” after no-
ticing that the couple was
“sweating”, saying “Allah”
and texting.
07/08/2016
yy Breaking his silence on
cow vigilantes in the coun-
try, Prime Minister Nar-
endraModi strongly con-
demned their actions, say-
ing most of them were anti-
social elements masquerad-
ing as “gaurakshaks”.
yy South African athlete and
convicted murderer Oscar
Pistorius is returned to his
cell after being treated in
hospital for injuries from
a fall, prison officials say.
Pistorias was reportedly
hospitalised for alleged
cuts on his wrists.
09/08/2016
yy Three Jawans of the Bor-
yy Forty four years old Irom-
Chanu Sharmila ends her
16-year fast protesting the
Armed Forces Special Pow-
ers Act of 1958 imposed in
Manipur. Ms. Sharmila
started her fast aged 28,
following a massacre in
Imphal in which 10 persons
were killed.
yy Israel says that it had ar-
rested and charged a U.N.
employee, engineer Wa-
heed Borsh, for allegedly
aiding Islamist movement
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201636
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 37
Hamas, in the Second such
case involving a humani-
tarian worker in a week.
11/08/2016
Bank loan default case.
yy A pipeline explosion at a
power station in China
kills at least 21 people and
injures five more according
to the Xinhua news agency.
13/08/2016
yy A magistrate, an SSP of
police and three other po-
lice officers are among 47
people injured as stone
pelting incidents spill over
from Kashmir to the Doda
district of Jammu.
yy A 36 year old Sikh man
Amanjeet Singh Toor is
shot dead by a masked gun-
man during an armed rob-
bery at a convenience store
in Arizona, U.S.
14/08/2016
yy Forty-one people said to be
members of the outlawed
Communist Party of India
(Maoist) surrender to the
police in the insurgency-
hit Narayanpur district of
South Chhattisgarh, ac-
cording to police sources.
yy Five Pakistanis and a Rus-
sian who were captured by
the Afghan Taliban after
their Government helicop-
ter crashed in eastern Af-
ghanistan are released and
returned to Pakistan ac-
cording to the foreign min-
istry in Islamabad.
15/08/2016
yy A President, Prime Minis-
ter and a Chief Minister sit-
ting in three different cities
meet virtually to dedicate
the first unit of the Ku-
dankulam Nuclear Power
Project to the Nation. PM
Narendra Modi, Russian
President Vladimir Putin
and TN Chief Minister Jay-
alalithaa did it through a
video conference organized
from Moscow, Delhi, Chen-
nai and Kudankulam.
yy A fire blazes through the
maternity ward of one of
Baghdad’s largest hospi-
tals, killing at least 12 pre-
mature babies according to
medical and security offi-
cials.
12/08/2016
yy The Enforcement Direc-
torate is to ready a formal
request to be sent to the
United Kingdom under the
Mutual Legal Assistance
Treaty for the “transfer”
of Kingfisher Airlines pro-
moter Vijay Mallya to India
in the Rs. 900 Crore IDBI
yy Congress President Sonia
Gandhi is discharged from
the Sir Ganga Ram Hospital
where she was admitted on
Aug 3 with fever, dehydra-
tion and a shoulder injury.
yy Protesters fire gunshots,
hurl bricks and set a gas
station on fire in the U.S.
mid-western city of Mil-
waukee hours after a patrol
officer shot dead an armed
suspect.
17/08/2016
yy Two children die in iden-
tical incidents in Delhi as
their throats are slit by kite
strings. The first victim was
a three-year-old, Sanchi
Goyal and the second was
a four-year-old boy Hari.
In addition, nearly a thou-
sand birds are injured by
the glass shreds encrusted
maanja strings, according
to the Jain Temple charita-
ble Bird Hospital opposite
the Red Fort.
yy Russia announces for the
first time that it has flown
bombing raids against je-
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 37
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201638 | |GYAN VitaranamAugust 15 - September 14, 2016 38
hadist groups in Syria from
an airbase in Iran. Tu-22
M3 long range bombers and
Su-34 frontline bombers
flying with full bomb loads
conduct group airstrikes.
18/08/2016
yy At least 13 people die after
consuming spurious liquor
in the Goplagunj district of
Bihar where stringent pro-
hibition is in place. The in-
cident unfolded in different
neighbourhoods of Gopal-
gunj when people mostly
daily wage labourers and
street vendors, came home
drunk on country made li-
quor.
yy The Southern California
wild fire that began as a
small mid-morning patch
of flame next to interstate
15 in the Cajone pass turns
into a 28 square mile mon-
ster that has burned untold
number of homes displac-
ing 82,000people from over
34,000 homes.
19/08/2016
kg free style wrestling event
in the Rio Olympics. P.V.
Sindhu enters the final of
the badminton tournament
with a 21-19, 21-14 victory
over the high-ranked Nozo-
miOkuhara of Japan.
yy Syrian and Russian aircraft
launch intense air strikes
on opposition strongholds
in northern Syria to prevent
rebels sending reinforce-
ments to a crucial battle in
Aleppo. The air strikes kill
25 people including 15 civil-
ians in Idlib city.
20/08/2016
65-year old woman being
mauled to death by a large
pack on a suburban beach of
Thiruvananthapuram. The
hapless woman Silvvamma
(65) succumbed to deep in-
juries she suffered. Her son
who tired to rescue her had
to jump in to the sea to es-
cape the pack which turned
on him. Kerala’s stray dog
population is estimated at
2.5 lakh.
yy Indian-Canadian Sikh MP
Bardish Chagger is named
as the new Leader of the gov-
ernment in Canada’s House
of Commons, becoming the
first woman to hold the post
in the country’s history.
22/08/2016
yy Actor Kamal Haasan is to
be awarded the prestigious-
Chevalier de L’Ordre Arts
et Lettres(The knight of the
order of Arts and Letters) by
the French Government. He
is only the second actor after
the legendary SivajiGanesan
to be chosen for the honour.
yy A suicide bomber as young
as 12, kills at least 51 people
at a wedding in Turkey ac-
cording to President Recep-
Tayyip Erdogan, pointing
the finger at the IS group.
23/08/2016
yy Tamil Nadu clears the decks
for trans-genders to enter its
Police force. Those opting for
“third gender” would be un-
der the female category for
educational qualifications,
physical fitness and reserva-
tion.
yy Singapore’s former Presi-
dent, the Indian origin
S.R.Nathan and longest
serving president dies at
yy Sakshi Malik of India bags
the bronze medal in the 58
yy P.V Sindu becomes the first
woman from India to clinch
an Olympic silver medal.
The Badminton star played
an intense final at the Rio
Olympics against two-time
world champion Carolina
Marin of Spain and had to
settle for silver.
yy Indian-American Congress
man Ami Bera’s father Ba-
bulal Bera is jailed for one
year and a day for organizing
a money-laundering scheme
that illegally funded around
$ 2,60,000 to his son’s con-
gressional campaigns in vio-
lation of the U.S. federal law.
21/08/2016
yy The stray dog menace in
Kerala takes its toll with a
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201638
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 39
a hospital in Singapore af-
ter suffering a stroke. He
was 92.
24/08/2016
yy A video of two policemen an-
nouncing their resignations
amid pro-freedom and pro-
Islam slogans goes viral in
the Valley. Firdous Ahmed
and Waseem Ahmed Sheikh
of the Special Operations-
Group announces their res-
ignation during what is be-
lieved to be an anti-govern-
ment rally at Behrampora
Village in North Kashmir.
yy Two Indian-American wom-
en are selected for the pres-
tigious White House Fellow
Programme that offers first-
hand experience of working
at the highest levels of the
U.S. federal government.
The women are Astrophysi-
cist Anjali Tripathi from
California and physician
Tina R. Shah from Chicago.
25/08/2016
yy More than 22,400 pages of
secret data on the capabili-
ties of six highly advanced
submarines, being built for
the Indian Navy in Mum-
bai in Collaboration with a
French Company DCNS are
leaked. The Navy termed it a
“serious matter”.
yy A powerful earthquake rat-
tles a remote area of central
Italy leaving at least 250
people dead and scenes of
carnage in mountain villag-
es. 368 people are injured.
26/08/2016
yy A farmer from Karanjgaon
Village of Nashik claims he
got the rate of 5 paise per
quintal of Onions prompt-
ing him to dump his produce
of 13 quintals in his field in
protest.
yy Sixteen people are killed af-
ter militants stormed the
American University of Af-
ghanistan in Kabul. Explo-
sions and gunfire rocked the
campus for over 10 hours.
27/08/2016
yy “Women be permitted to en-
ter the sanctum sanctorum
of the Haj Ali Darga at par
with men” rules the Bombay
High Court in a landmark
verdict.
yy Top secret documents of the
Scorpene Submarines have
been out in the open for the
past several years, accord-
ing to ‘The Australian’. The
reports in the newspaper
give details of how the se-
crets surfaced in Australia
in April 2013.
28/08/2016
yy Myanmar President U.H.
Tin Kyaw arrives at Bodh
Gaya in Bihar. During his
two-day visit Mr.Kyaw will
offer prayers at the Mahabo-
dhi Temple.
yy Prime Minister Narendra
Modi’s recent comments on
Balochistan seek to brig in-
ternational attention to hu-
man rights violations in the
Pakistan’s Province.
29/08/2016
yy Train Services in Kerala are
thrown into disarray after
12 coaches of train Num-
ber 16347 Thiruvanantha-
puram-Mangalore express
derailed in the vicinity of
Karukutty railway station
near Angamaly.
yy Four Lashkar-e-Jhangvi
militants allegedly involved
in the 2009 attack on the
visiting Sri Lankanteam are
shot dead by Pakistani Po-
lice in Lahore.
30/08/2016
yy Curfew lifted in Kashmir
as situation eases after 51
days. Union Home Minister
Rajnath Singh set to visit
Kashmir Valley soon.
yy China flags off its second
train to Afghanistan - This
time to the commercial hub
of Mazar-e-Sharif-as part of
its deepening economic and
security engagement with
Kabul.
31/08/2016
yy European Union anti-trust
regulators order Apple to
pay up to $ 13 billion in
taxes and interest to the
Irish government after rul-
ing that a special scheme to
route profits through Ire-
land was illegal state aid.
yy India and U.S. sign the Lo-
gistics Exchange Memoran-
dum of Agreement that will
give the militaries of both
countries access to each
other’s facilities for sup-
plies and repairs.
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 39
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201640
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 41
I
t has become a fashion
to monitor our physical
functions with innovative
electronic gadgets. Wearable
devices are wrapping up our
body. They have proliferated
in recent years, triggered by
the social media. One esti-
mate puts the total number of
wearables at 200 million and
it is expected to reach 88 mil-
lion in the next three years.
Wearbles are changing the
lifestyle of people although
slowly.
The Apple watch best il-
lustrates the changing atti-
tude to wearables. Initially there was some doubt if a watch
should indeed be expected to carry out some of the functions
now available in the new gadget. It is reported that as many
as 10,000 apps can be used, though it would be difficult to find
one using even half of it!
The market has accepted the watch and experts have
picked up some popular apps. Some of the more popular
ones indicate the user preferences whatever the pundits may
predict. For instance, there is a cheat sheet, which comes in
handy to remind users of things like pass words for wi-fi and
telephone numbers. Another app reminds the bills due for
payment. There is also provision for Google Maps, BBC News,
weather forecast with easily seen colours to depict the inten-
sity of rain and display of emoticons. Some 18 of the popular
25 apps are free while the rest is subscription-based. The
apps would need an accompanying iPhone. Attempts are be-
ing made to make the watch more independent of the iPhone.
Life in the age of
WearablesThe quantified self may well become an all-
consuming obsession,thanks to wearables.
Discovery and New Inventions cover story | Prof. Mohan Sundara Rajan |
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 41
| |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201642
Apple’s new version of its
smartwatch, announced on
September 7th
, is described as
the ultimate fitness device.  It
is water resistant up to 50m
with a built-in GPS location
tracker, displaying   running
routes to be tracked without
carrying a separate phone.
Nike announced a new run-
ning app and a strap for the
watch. People prefer only
basic notifications and basic
alerts and not many other
features of a smartphone.
The technology that un-
derpins the wearable drive is
generally known as flexible
electronics. Unlike the stiff
solid pieces of electronics to-
day, the new devices will be
flexible, stretchable and even
imperceptible. Some of them
are mounted directly on the
skin so as to monitor one’s
temperature, blood pressure
and heart and pulse rate etc.
Apps aplenty in the Apple
Watch
Nike’s new running app
Apple Watch showing the
weather graphically
Each punch can be timed in training sessions
Such devices are biodegrad-
able.
The most familiar wear-
able is the one which counts
the number of steps taken by
the wearer during his or her
walk. One can thus evaluate
one’s performance and ad-
just the exercise according
to medical advice. Wearables
have become smart devices
capable of taking certain de-
cisions based on monitored
inputs. The Linkoping Uni-
versity in Sweden has devel-
oped implantable sensors,
which are really smart. For
instance, they are designed
| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 43
to detect the onset of epilep-
tic fits and automatically de-
liver drugs. Such proactive
devices would become multi-
functional and go beyond one
specific medical condition. A
whole range of body functions
like sleep disorders, obesity
and cardiac conditions can be
monitored.
Protecting Women
The Innovation Lab of
Harvard Medical School has
designed a unique wear-
able for protection of women
against assault. It is de-
signed by women who had
suffered sexual violence. It
is meant to prevent, alert,
and record attempts against
women. The moment an as-
sault begins, the victim needs
to press a button on a brace-
let-like device which will set
off a loud alarm and alert the
emergency services through
GPS-based system which
would automatically give the
location details. The record to
capture the evidence is a big
advantage in bringing cul-
prits to book. However, the
device is only part of a system
dedicated for the purpose.
Wearables have helped
sportspersons monitor their
training and improve their
An Activity tracker
A typical wearable that can be designed to protect women
performance. For example, boxers have been using devices,
kept inside the fighters’ wraps, to calculate the force of each
punch and the time interval between punches, so that im-
proved strategy could be drawn up.
Pokemon GO
Pokemon Go Plus, which is spreading fast among Internet
game addicts, has become a fashionable wearable, almost an
obsession. You may wear it on your wrist or keep it clipped to
your jacket or shirt. It will work with your smartphone. It is a
Wearables are a
mixed blessing;
access to personal
data collected by
them is easy but so
is the risk of misuse
of the data, often
without your
knowledge.
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GV September-October '16 - mail

  • 1. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 1 Careersu Scholarshipsu Admissionsu Opportunitiesu September 15 - October 14, 2016 Vol 7 Issue 9 Rs. 100 The Complete Magazine for Teens and Youth RNI Reg. No. DELENG /2010/38083 Life in the age of Wearables
  • 2. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20162
  • 3. From the Editor T he last two years’ trend indicates the complete shift of students’ interest from Engineering to the Arts stream. As per the HRD Ministry, the Joint Entrance Examination (JEE) has seen a dip in the application of students to 12,07,057 (in the year 2016) from 12,34,760 (in the year 2015) and 12,90,028 (in the year 2014). The drop in the number of candidates for engineering clearly depicts that Arts stream is becoming a popular choice for more and more students. The fall in the number of JEE candidates also shows that popular unconventional studies have attracted millions of students these days to humanities and arts. According to the reports, there is a significant rise in the number of students opting for arts at 10+2 level all over India in the academic year 2014-15. Also, over 50 lakh students opted for arts stream as compared to 39.89 lakh in the previous year. There was a 16% rise in the number of students choosing the science stream. Around 32.34 lakh students opted for the stream compared to 27.96 lakh in 2013-14. The decreasing interest in science and engineering course clearly shows that the students are not happy with the teaching of science subjects at the school level. Perhaps that is the reason why they are inclining towards arts courses or any other unconventional subjects. Academicians also believe that students these days are more willing to study economics and mathematics, which are available in humanities too. Also, appearing in JEE is the reason for the drop in students opting out of science subjects as it is considered one of the toughest all India level entrance exam to get admissions in the engineering colleges. However, for admissions in arts/ humanities colleges, students do not have to appear for any competitive/ entrance exam. Admissions are done simply on merit basis. Another reason for students opting arts courses is the myriad career options available, other than becoming a doctor or an engineer. Also, the past cases of recession which led to chucking out of the engineers have discouraged many students to opt for pure science stream. The drop in the number of engineering candidates is a matter of great concern among all IITs and other engineering colleges. Let’s keep our fingers crossed and wait for the government and the IIT council to take imperative measures to attract a lot more applications of engineering aspirants in the next year JEE to become at par with humanities stream. At all levels of competition, the most successful ones have one characteristic in common; mental strength and mental toughness. An individual who has average talent and yet has mental toughness will be more successful than an individual who has natural talent but who is not mentally tough. This is because the mind is stronger than the body. Winners are not always determined by physical skill alone. Mental toughness is difficult to define! H. Shaju Editor: H. Shaju editor.gyanvitaranam@gmail.com Deputy Editor: S. Sumi Executive Editor: S. S. Pillai Consultant Editor: R. Vijayaraghavan Address: Editor Gyanvitaranam, A-23 Kanaka Nagar, Near Vellayambalam, Kowdiar P.o, Thiruvananthapuram 695 003. Tel: 0471-2720196 E-mail: gyanvenglish06@gmail.com Gyan Vitaranam Media Private Ltd. B 105, 2nd Floor, Lajpat Nagar, Part I, New Delhi - 110 024 FOR SUBSCRIPTION AND ADVERTISEMENTS, CONTACT: B 105, 2nd Floor, Lajpat Nagar, Part I, New Delhi - 110 024 Phone: 011-29824541,011-29824542 The Publisher makes every effort to ensure that the magazine’s contents are correct. However, he can accept no responsibility for any effects from errors or omissions. All material published in GYAN VITARANAM is copyrighted and unauthorised reproduction is forbidden. PRINTED AND PUBLISHED BY H. Shaju for Gyan Vitaranam Media Private Limited, from B 105, 2nd Floor, Lajpat Nagar, Part I, New Delhi – 110 024 PRINTED AT Priyanka Printers B-84, Kasturba Nagar, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh The Executive Editor is completely responsible for selection of contents under the PRB Act. The view and opinions expressed in the articles in Gyan Vitaranam are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views or opinions of Gyan Vitaranam Media Private Limited, the Editors and the publisher. Advertisements of various products and services carried in Gyan Vitaranam reflect the views of the Advertisers, and not necessarily that of the publication. Director: S. Sumi Legal Advisor: Adv. I. K. Raju GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016, Vol 7 Issue 9 RNI Reg. No. DELENG /2010/38083
  • 4. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20164 t CONTENTS Cover Story 41 Life in the age of Wearables 7 From waiter to Olympian 32 Rajput School of Chopasani 65 Indian Women make us proud 72 The Startup trend in India 15 How to increase your Mental Strength 56 Corruption – a worldwide malady 67 Buttermilk 76 The Sun
  • 5. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 5| |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 1 Careers u Scholarships u Admissions u Opportunities u September 15 - October 14, 2016 Vol 7 Issue 9 Rs. 100 The Complete Magazine for Teens and Youth RNI Reg. No. DELENG /2010/38083 Life in the age of Wearables
  • 6. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20166
  • 7. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 7 INSPIRATION | Sanchari Pal | R io Olympics 2016 gave India new sport- ing icons in Dipa Kar- makar, Sakshi Malik and P.V.Sindhu, but there were also several heartening sto- ries of Indian players that went unnoticed in the race for medals. Few people know that India was represented by a part-time waiter at the racewalking event at the Rio Olympics. Fewer still know that he bested previous Olympic Medal winners in the competition and narrow- ly missed the bronze medal by less than a minute’s differ- ence. In 2002, when his father passed away, 10-year-old Rawat saw his mother toil in the fields to make ends meet for the family of four chil- dren, including him. Rawat would work with his mother on the farm in the morn- ing before heading to school about seven kms away by foot. In 2006, he took up a part-time job as a waiter at a small eatery near his home- town, Sattar, in the Cham- oli district of Uttarakhand. With two sisters and a young brother at home, Rawat had This is the inspiring story of Manish Singh Rawat who went from selling tea and working in the fields to fulfilling his dream of taking part in the Olympics. From waiter to Olympian | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 7
  • 8. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20168 a hard time sustaining his family on his meagre income as a waiter. Knowing that excelling in athletics could help him get a government job, Rawat decided to pursue racewalking. Race walking is a long- distance discipline within the sport of athletics. Although it is a foot race, it is different from running in that one foot must be in contact with the ground at all times (over the course of 20 km, at no point can both your feet be in the mid-air). This is why, apart from the inherent stamina, technique and fitness re- quired in any long distance race, race walking also tests mental focus. Ungainly and painful, race walking requires an unusual posture that people some- times find funny, Rawat says, “I won’t mind admitting this, but race walking has a rather funny posture. So peo- ple do end-up laughing. But the funny posture exists for a reason because the feet have to be planted on the ground. So when I used to race in my village, people used to laugh at me.” But Rawat refused to be put off by the lack of world class equipment and a | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 20168
  • 9. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 9 stream of naysayers at Badri- nath who would make fun of his walking practice. He pur- sued his Olympic dream with utmost devotion. Training on the hilly terrain in torn shoes, Rawat continued to juggle several jobs to make ends meet for his family and also support his training. From working as a house help and tourist guide to labouring on farms and driving tractors, the Ut- tarakhand lad did everything. All through his struggle, peo- ple continued to make fun of him, not knowing that the young man was on his way to taking part in the greatest sports show on earth. In 2010, Rawat tried to get a job with the police through the sports quota. He was desperate to improve the financial situation of his family. This job would give him a salary of Rs. 10,000 and all his training and par- ticipation at events would be sponsored. However, he was rejected. This was finan- cially the most difficult time for him and Rawat consid- ered quitting the sport in or- der to fend for his family. It was his coach who convinced Rawat that he was making progress and that he had a future in the sport. After struggling through more hardships, Manish fi- nally made the mark in the 20 km event after finishing with a time of 1:20:50 at the IAAF Race-walking Challenge in April last year. His 3:57:11 effort at the World Champi- onship in Beijing also earned him a Rio berth for the 50 km race-walking event. For the Rio Olympics, 25-year- old Rawat trained under the Russian coach Alexander Artsybashev in the national camp in Ooty with other race- walkers. Having reached the finals of the 20 km event at Rio, Rawat finished 13th, ahead of some of the best race-walk- ers in the world – including 4 former world champions, 3 Asian champions, 2 European champions and even 2 Olym- pic medallists. He registered a final timing of 1:21:21, less than a minute behind the bronze medallist. This incredible achieve- ment against the best in the world was missed by the mainstream media that was focusing on India’s inabil- ity to win a medal. But, the fact that someone like Man- ish Rawat who had to juggle several part-time jobs a day and make do with extremely inadequate training facili- ties, finished 13th was a vic- tory in itself. Overlooking the hard work that went into this success and focusing on his failure to win a medal would mean ignoring Rawat’s tre- mendous talent, which, if correctly nurtured, can count among the world’s finest, one day. Race-walking is a highly ignored performing sport in India, with racewalkers fac- ing more struggles than other sportsmen and women in the country. But, ever since Ker- ala’s KT Irfan finished  10th in the London Olympics, the country has produced four Asian champions. For the Rio Olympics, as many as nine racewalkers qualified and three had to be dropped because India didn’t have enough spots! India’s national race- walking team coach, Alex- ander Artsybashev believes that the sport has great pos- sibilities in the country if the Indian authorities take it more seriously. He also be- lieves that Indian race-walk- ers can win not one but sev- eral medals; having a proper dietician and a sports science centre to help in recovery can help the team’s timing im- prove a lot. Top medal-winning coun- tries at the Olympics burn a few million dollars to pro- duce one champion – UK re- cently declared that it spent 5.5 million pounds on each medal winner. On the other hand, in India, champions in the making fight unenvi- able battles all the time just like Rawat who spent what he earned on the road to Rio. And yet, their raw talent and determination to defy all odds to fight their way to the top and surface on the international stage is no less than amazing. It’s time that athletes like Rawat, who will soon start training again to participate in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics in the hope of win- ning a medal, get the backing and respect they deserve. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 9 u
  • 10. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201610 K hudiram Bose, a young political ac- tivist from Bengal, was not only one of the most prominent figures in India’s fight for freedom from British rule, but also the youngest revolutionary that the Indian independence movement had witnessed. Khudiram Bose led a life of risk and adven- ture, never for once flinch- ing from his goal of acquir- ing freedom for his country. Apart from possessing the spirit of a fighter, Khudiram Bose was also known for his leadership qualities and his services to the society. How- ever, the revolutionary died an unfortunate early death, leaving India bereft of one of the greatest freedom strug- glers that the country had ever seen. Khudiram Bose will always be remembered in the history of Indian indepen- dence as the proponent of the ‘Agni Yuga’ or the fiery age, an era which was character- ized by young people getting involved in the fight against the British without thinking twice about their own lives. Khudiram Bose was the first martyr of the early twentieth century. Childhood Khudiram Bose was born on December 3, 1889 in the small village of Habibpur situated close to the town of Khudiram Bose Martyrs | iloveindia.com| | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201610
  • 11. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 11 Tamluk in Midnapore dis- trict of Bengal. Khudiram Bose was the fourth child in a family of three daughters. His parents, Trailokyanath Bose and Lakshmipriya Devi had two sons before the birth of Khudiram but both of them died prematurely. Fol- lowing the tradition of the yesteryear superstitious so- ciety, his mother decided to give up possession of a male child to avoid further deaths in the family. According to re- ports, her baby boy was sold to her eldest daughter Apa- rupa in exchange of a mea- sure of foodgrain, also known as ‘khud’ in Midnapore. After selling her son to her daugh- ter, the mother abandoned all rights to take care of her son. He was thus named Khudiram as he was bought in exchange of ‘khud’ and henceforth was taken care of only by his sister. Thus, it was right from his birth that Khudiram Bose lost all con- tact with his mother and fa- ther. Inspiration on the path to revolution Khudiram Bose showed a revolutionary spirit even when he was a mere child. As a child Khudiram Bose loved adventure and was widely known for his courage and bravery in the face of danger. Quite naturally, he also made a very good leader in political groups. It was in the years 1902 - 1903 that Khudiram Bose was inspired to plunge into active freedom struggle. During this time Sri Aurobin- do and Sister Nivedita were in Medinipur to deliver a lec- ture inspiring people to join the freedom struggle against the British. Khudiram Bose was a teenager at that point of time and was bubbling with energy. He was part of student revolutionary groups in Tamluk. Inspired by the speeches of Sri Aurobindo, Khudiram Bose took part in the secret planning sessions that were held by Sri Aurobindo and Sister Nivedita. Shortly after, in the year 1904, Khudiram Bose shifted from Tamluk to the main town of Medinipur, not only to enroll at the Medinipur Collegiate School but also to take part in the martyr activities that were then a common occurrence in principal towns across India. Khudiram Bose became an active member of a martyrs’ club in Medinipur and soon won the attention of even his seniors at the club through his adventurous leadership qualities, his dedication and his services to the society. Apart from Sri Aurobindo and Sister Nivedita, Khudiram Bose also derived inspiration from verses in the Bhagavad Gita and the words of his teacher Satyendranath Bose. In the year 1905, Khudiram Bose became involved with the political party Jugantar to show his disobedience to the British gov- ernment following the Partition of Bengal the same year. A | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 11
  • 12. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201612 few months later Khudiram Bose planted bombs close to a police outpost in Medinipur. Though he was not arrested in 1905, police arrested him three years later and an- nounced a death sentence for a similar incident involving killing by bomb. The Muzaffarpur incident Khudiram Bose and Pra- fulla Chaki from Jugantar were sent to the town of Mu- zaffarpur in Bihar to carry out the killing of Kingsford, the magistrate of Calcutta Presidency. The two revolu- tionaries went to Muzaffar- pur, adopted the code names of Haren Sarkar and Dinesh Roy respectively, and took shelter in the ‘dharmashala’ of Kishorimohan Bandopad- hyay. Though they wanted Kingsford dead, Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki did not want the bloodshed of innocent people crowded around a court during the daytime. Therefore they de- cided to shoot him when he was on his way from the European Club to his home or vice versa. On April 30, 1908, Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki took position outside the European Club and targeted the carriage of Kingsford as it moved out of the club at around 8:30 in the evening. The bombs and the pistol shots hit the carriage. Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki immediately fled the place of crime thinking that their task was complete, only to be informed later that it was the wife and daughter of barrister Pringle Kennedy who were traveling inside Kingsford’s carriage. Both Khudiram and Prafulla were filled with remorse for their act of killing two innocent women. The duo were then constantly on the move to escape the eyes of the police. However, the police caught them soon after the incident took place. Death of Prafulla Chaki After the failed attempt to kill magistrate Kingsford in Muzaffarpur, Prafulla Chaki and Khudiram Bose had tak- en two separate routes to flee the police. On May 1 when his companion Khudiram Bose was arrested, Prafulla Chaki was received in the house of a local in Muzaffar- pur who did his best to save his life by providing food, rest and also a train ticket to Kolkata. Prafulla Chaki had to change trains on his way from Muzaffarpur to Howrah and it was in the train that misfortune met him in the form of Nandalal Bannerjee, a sub inspector in the British police. Immediately suspect- ing the young Prafulla Chaki, Nandalal Bannerjee was suc- cessful in tracing information which led him to believe that it was Prafulla Chaki who was involved in the Muzaf- farpur incident. As soon as Prafulla Chaki left his first train to board the next which would drop him at Howrah, Nandalal Bannerjee was pre- pared with other police per- sonnel to arrest him. While Prafulla Chaki tried to kill Nandalal Bannerjee by shoot- ing at him, his attempt was unsuccessful, after which he fired the gun at himself. Pra- fulla Chaki took his own life unable to bear the humilia- tion of submitting himself to the British authorities. Incidents leading to the arrest of Khudiram Bose The Muzaffarpur inci- dent took place at 8:30 in the evening. People were made aware of the killing on the same night and security consisting of armed police constables was stationed at all crucial positions around the country, especially the railway stations. In addi- tion, the British government had also announced Rs. 1000 cash prize for the person who could trace the attackers or assist the police in doing so. Knowing that the police would be after him, Khudi- ram Bose decided to walk his way to Medinipur rather than board a train. However, ill fate was waiting for him in Oyaini, where he stopped for a glass of water. A couple of constables were immediately on his side when Khudiram Bose stopped by at a tea stall to ask for a glass of water and were curious to know the reason which made him walk such a long way as to make him so tired and dusty. A search which ensued re- vealed that Khudiram Bose was armed with two revolv- ers and 37 rounds of ammu- nition. It is to be remembered that Khudiram Bose was a mere 18 year old kid at the time of the incident and was no match to the strength of the much older constables. On May 1, 1908, Khudi- ram Bose was taken under arrest for his involvement in the Muzaffarpur killings, but the arrest failed to under- mine his nationalistic spirit, | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201612
  • 13. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 13 the young boy crying the slo- gan ‘Vandemataram’ even after the entire town of Mu- zaffarpur gathered in front of the railway station to take a look at the boy who could commit such a heinous crime. After being taken to the mag- istrate’s office in Muzaffar- pur, Khudiram Bose took the blame for the incident which led to the killings and deaths in Muzaffarpur just a day ago wholly upon himself. No attempts would make him reveal the name of either his partner Prafulla Chaki or his revolutionary group in Medi- nipur. However, police pro- duced before him the body of Prafulla Chaki who had tak- en his own life by then. The shock was elaborately writ- ten upon his face and Khudi- ram Bose came to know that there was no point in hid- ing the identity of his group from the police, who would soon trace the revolutionary group under Barindra Ku- mar Ghosh, which Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki had been working for. The police authorities working under the instructions of the Brit- ish proved how inhuman they could be when they chopped off the head of the dead Pra- fulla Chaki and sent it to Kol- kata for further confirmation of his and Khudiram Bose’s revolutionary links. Court trial and martyr- dom Khudiram Bose was put behind bars on May 2, 1908 and the court trial began on the 21st of May. Binodbihari Majumdar and Mr. Mannuk were the prosecutors for the British government, while Upendranath Sen, Kalidas Basu and Kshetranath Bando- padhyay fought in Khudiram Bose’s defense. Narendranath Lahiri, Satishchandra Chakraborty and Kulkamal Sen also joined the team of defense lawyers for Khudiram Bose as the trial progressed, the entire team fighting the case for free. On May 23, 1908, Khudiram Bose had to give his first statement in court. Following the advice of his lawyers, Khudiram Bose denied any involvement in the shootings and bombings that led to the death of the two British women in Muzaffarpur. The trial progressed slowly with the judge announcing that the final verdict would be delivered on June 13. It was on the date of the verdict that the prosecutors in the Khudiram Bose case received an anonymous letter warning that bombings would soon take place in Kolkata and this time it would be the Biharis rather than the Bengalis who would be behind the attack. The defense board was now sure that the letter would convince the judge that people other than Khudi- ram Bose can be involved in the killings in Muzaffarpur. The chief intention of the defense board in the case was to prevent the pronouncement of a death sentence for Khudiram Bose. However, the British Raj was not prepared to let go of an In- dian who had already been declared as a revolutionary. The death sentence was awarded to Khudiram Bose. Khudiram | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 13
  • 14. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201614 Bose embraced the sentence with dignity. In fact he also refused to appeal to the High Court, a practice which ex- isted during those times, say- ing that he was destined to be hanged to death. It was his defense law- yers who convinced Khudi- ram Bose to make the appeal to the High Court arguing with him that a life sentence instead of a death sentence would mean that Khudiram Bose could live on to serve his motherland. The hearing in the High Court took place on July 8, 1908. It was Narendr- akumar Basu who fought on behalf of Khudiram Bose in the July High Court trial pre- senting several arguments which would avert the pos- sibility of a death sentence for a revolutionary who had become an overnight hero for young nationalists in India after the Muzaffarpur inci- dent. The judge in the High Court said that July 13 would be the date for the ultimate verdict on the matter. The arguments put for- ward to the High Court by Narendrakumar Basu would have put the case in favor of Khudiram Bose and could have saved his life, but the British government had al- ready decided that they would GYAN Vitaranam (August 15 - September 14, 2016) Thanks a lot! Very illustrative, informative and elegant-looking issue, very well brought out sir! S. Mahalingam E-mail: smali4619@yahoo.co.in Dear Sri Pillai: Thank you for the latest issue of GV. I feel the short piece on Sandip Gund deserves greater publicity. I understand that even in a socially advanced state like Kerala, attendance in Govt. primary schools is falling. This trend can perhaps be reversed if the “Gund Model” is adopted. Best regards, Manoranjan Rao E-mail: rao.manoranjan@gmail.com Hello Sir, GYAN Vitaranam is always a great read. Thank you so much for updates. Hope you are doing fine. Thanks. Sagarika Ranjan E-mail: sagarikasinha28@gmail.com Thank you for the prompt reply. I read a couple of them from this issue and they are very good articles. Ankita Biswas Ahuja E-mail: biswasankita@gmail.com Dear Sir, Thank you for this edition of GYAN Vitaranam. I eagerly look forward to GYAN Vitaranam monthly edition. I have found that this edition was an Independence Day special! Very well presented articles; “Take responsibility” and on Pingali Venkayya Garu, a freedom fighter. Best regards. R. Raghunandan E-mail: raghunandan28@gmail.com FEEDBACK award the death sentence to Khudiram Bose. An attempt of appeal made to the Gover- nor General was also turned down and the death sentence for Khudiram Bose was made public on August 11, 1908. The sentence led to a huge uproar among people, young and old, who gathered in front of the courthouse to shout slogans of protest against the sentence. The local press was vociferous in making the sentiments of the Indians heard. But it was Khudiram Bose who surprised many by embracing his death gracefully by going to the gal- lows on August 11, 1908 with a smile on his face. u
  • 15. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 15 Personality Development | Raghunandan Ramachandran| A t all levels of com- petition, the most successful ones have one characteristic in common: mental strength and mental toughness. An individual who has av- erage talent and yet has mental toughness will be more successful than an individual who has natu- ral talent but who is not mentally tough. This is because the mind is stron- ger than the body. Win- ners are not always de- termined by physical skill alone. Mental toughness is difficult to define. It is not just one thing, but it con- sists of many factors. For example, think of a fruit salad. It would not be fruit salad with just fruits; there needs to be nuts, cherries, jelly, custard and all the other ingredients. They combine to make a com- plete fruit salad. Mental toughness in- cludes: ŠŠ Continued effort - working toward goals and never giving up! ŠŠ Self-discipline - everything (training, sleep, diet, etc.) How to increase your Mental Strength | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 15
  • 16. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201616 should contribute to health and performance. ŠŠ Confidence - knowing that with effort you can accomplish anything. ŠŠ Focus on the present - forget about past mistakes and performance errors. ŠŠ Successful stress management - keep anxiety levels low for better performances. ŠŠ Controlled thoughts - do not allow the mind to generate negative self-talk/thoughts. Mental strength is not reflected in what you do. It is usually seen in what you do Soldiers possess extraordinary mental toughness and constantly train themselves for mental strength Rise to the occasion and challenge! Do not waste time feeling sorry for yourself! | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201616
  • 17. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 17 not do. How can we develop mental strength? We will look at a “three-pronged approach” and things that mentally strong people do not do. It is about control- ling your thoughts, behav- iours, and emotions. 1. They do not waste time feeling sorry for them- selves. Indulging in self-pity hinders living a full life. It wastes time, creates nega- tive emotions, and hurts your relationships. The key is to affirm the good in the world, and you will begin to appreci- ate what you have. The goal is to replace the self-pity with gratitude. 2. They do not give away their power. People give away their power when they lack physi- cal and emotional boundar- ies. You need to stand up for yourself and draw the line when necessary. If other people are in control of your actions, they define your success and self- worth. It’s important that you keep track of your goals and work towards them. 3. They donot shy away from change. There are five stages of change, Morin writes: pre- contemplation, contempla- tion, preparation, action and maintenance. Following through with each of the five steps is cru- cial. Making changes can be frightening, but shying away from them prevents growth. 4. They do not focus on things they can’t control. It feels so safe to have ev- erything under control, but thinking we have the power to always pull the strings can become problematic. Trying to be in control of everything is a likely re- sponse to anxiety. Rather than focusing on managing your anxiety, you try control- ling your environment. Shifting your focus off the things you cannot control can create increased happiness, less stress, better relation- ships, new opportunities, and more success, Morin writes. 5. They don’t worry about pleasing everyone. Oftentimes, we judge our- selves by considering what other people think of us, which is the opposite of men- tal toughness. Stop trying to be a peo- ple-pleaser: It’s a waste of time; people-pleasers are eas- ily manipulated; it is OK for others to feel angry or dis- appointed; and you cannot please everyone. Dropping your people- pleasing mind-set will make you stronger and more self- Keep moving – Do not focus on things you cannot control | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 17
  • 18. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201618 confident. 6. They do not fear taking calculated risks. People are often afraid to take risks, whether it’s finan- cial, physical, emotional, so- cial, or business-related, Mo- rin writes. But it comes down to knowledge. A lack of knowledge about how to calculate risk leads to increased fear. To better analyze a risk, ask yourself the following questions: What are the potential costs? What are the potential benefits? How will this help me achieve my goal? What are the alterna- tives? How good would it be if the best-case scenario came true? What is the worst thing that could happen and how could I reduce the risk that will occur? How bad would it be if the worst-case scenario did come true? How much will this deci- sion matter in five years? 7. They do not dwell on the past. The past is in the past. There’s no way to change what happened, and “dwell- ing can be self-destructive, preventing you from enjoying the present and planning for the future,” Morin writes. It doesn’t solve anything and can lead to depression, she writes. There can be a benefit to thinking about the past, though. Reflecting on the les- sons learned, considering the facts rather than the emo- tions, and looking at a situ- ation from a new perspective can be helpful, she says. 8. They do not make the same mistakes over and over. Reflecting can ensure you don’t repeat your mistakes. It’s important to study what went wrong, what you could have done better, and how to do it differently next time, Morin writes. Mentally strong people accept responsibility for the mistake and create a thoughtful, written plan to Do not fear taking calculated risks | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201618
  • 19. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 19 avoid making the same mis- take in the future. 9. They do not resent oth- er people’s success. Resentment is like anger that remains hidden and bot- tled up, Morin writes. Focusing on another per- son’s success will not pave the way to your own, since it distracts you from your path, Morin writes. Even if you become successful, you may never be content if you’re al- ways focusing on others. You may also overlook your tal- ents and abandon your val- ues and relationships, she says. 10. They do not give up af- ter the first failure. Success is not instant, and failure is almost always an obstacle you will have to overcome. Take, for example, Theodor Giesel — also known as Dr. Seuss — whose first book was rejected by more than 20 publishers. And now Dr. Seuss is a household name. Thinking that failure is unacceptable or that it means you are not good enough does not reflect mental strength. In fact, bouncing back after failure will make you stron- ger. 11. They do not fear alone time. “Creating time to be alone with your thoughts can be a powerful experience, instru- mental in helping you reach your goals,” Morin writes. Becoming mentally strong “requires you to take time out from the busyness of daily life to focus on growth.” Here are some of the ben- efits of solitude Morin lists in her book: • Solitude at the office can in- crease productivity. • Alone time may increase Do not expect instant or immediate results | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 19
  • 20. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201620 your empathy. • Spending time alone sparks creativity. • Solitary skills are good for mental health. • Solitude offers restoration. 12. They donot feel the world owes them any- thing. It is easy to get angry at the world for your failures or lack of success, but the truth is no one is entitled to any- thing. It must be earned. The key is to focus on your efforts, accept criticism, acknowledge your flaws, and do not keep score. Comparing yourself to others will only set you up for disappointment if you do not receive what you think you are owed. 13. They do not expect im- mediate results. A willingness to develop realistic expectations and an understanding that success doesn’t happen overnight is necessary if you want to reach your full potential. Mentally weak people are often impatient. They overes- timate their abilities and un- derestimate how long change takes, she says, so they ex- pect immediate results. It’s important to keep your eyes on the prize and re- lentlessly work towards your long-term goals. There will be failures along the way, but if you measure your progress and look at the big picture, success will become attain- able. Follow these simple steps for developing men- tal strength and mental toughness 1) Look at mental tough- ness as an on-going process, not as an end product. You must work at it consistently. 2) Choose a role model -- copy the attitude of a successful person whom you admire. 3) Lighten up -- engage in positive self-talk; allow yourself downtime; and, don’t expect to be perfect. 4) Control your emotions -- you will be able to stay focused on your goals if you control your re- actions to stressful sit- uations. 5) Use Routines - use a pre- game routine; use a pre- execution routine. Choose your role model | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201620 u
  • 21. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 21 D o you think that life has become too mundane and the same chores are being repeat- ed every day! At work, there is less enthusiasm to do the things that once excited you! These maybe signs that you need a job change. There are small signs that present them- selves to us making us under- stand that we need to change our job or even our profile. You may not always be happy do- ing things you have been doing for a long time and you may think that it is time for you to explore other talents or career options or anything but what you are currently doing. There are 10 signs that you need to watch out for that indicate you need to change your job: 1. Waiting too long: When you spend a consid- erable time in one organiza- tion, at times it does become a little monotonous to go back to the same environment. Unless you have a highly engaging job profile and are completely sat- isfiedwithyourprofileandyour employer or you have simply become complacent, then prob- ably thinking of a job change may not seem like your cup of tea. However, if you have been thinking about a change of job and you have waited too long for this to happen, then it is an indication that you should get up and look for a new job! An occasional bad-day happens to everyone but if the feeling of not doing what you are doing now continues for a long time then please start looking out. 2. Remuneration: If you think you have been giving too much of your time and not being compensated accordingly, then maybe you need to explore new avenues. Sometimes you tend to wait for a while to get the right remu- neration however if this does not come across as expected, you would soon tend to lose interest in your job and may want to move out. “If it no longer works for you, then leave” 10 signs you need to change your job Careers | Ankita Biswas| | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 21
  • 22. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201622 3. Lamenting: You may not be the type of person to lament about work in front of anyone but suddenly you find yourself talking too much about work pressure, then it is an indica- tion that you have to look out. You will see yourself lament- ing about your work in front of family and friends, then you surely are not enjoying what you are doing and it is time to change. It is important to take note that talking about your work with your peer group is healthy, however if this talk- ing suddenly turns into wail- ing then it is best to look for a change. 4. Sleep pattern: Sleep in the most impor- tant aspect of your daily well- being and if you are not get- ting adequate sleep daily then it is not a good sign for your body. Sleep pattern getting disturbed can be caused by a variety of things but when work is the foremost thing playing on your mind, then it is surely not doing any good for you. You go to sleep wor- rying about work and get up worrying about your job then it is time to change. Thinking about your schedule is good, but sleeping on your schedule is not. 5. Mental and physical stress: For many individuals go- ing to work is a sort of stress buster, but if this same situ- ation reverses, then it is time for a change. Work stress can lead to frequent headaches, feeling physically unfit, feeling lethargic to go to work, indicat- ing that maybe you need to sit back and think about your de- cision to continue or quit. 6. Lack Passion: If you are checking your Facebook or Whatsapp or oth- er social networking sites a lit- tle often rather than complet- ing the work assigned, then it is an indication you need to change. You no longer feel the same passion for your work as you used to. The triggers to feel less passionate about your work can be innumerable. You need to do introspection and list down the points that make you feel so. 7. Irrelevant Excuses: If you are looking at triv- ial excuses to stay away from work, then it is time to change. An occasional day-off is abso- lutely fine, but if the pattern endures then it is definitely time to change. 8. Increase in alcohol con- sumption: You are a social drinker and enjoy a drink or two with friends over a weekend or holidays; but if this goes on to become a daily binge then it could be that you are under stress. Stress caused due to work inducing you to drink or smoke more, are indications that you have to start looking out. Everyone faces stress in some form or the other, how- ever if this same stress climbs up the ladder and starts con- trolling you by changing your health habits, then it is time to move out. 9. Going to work anxiety: If you dread getting up every morning to get on with the day, then it may be time to think about your job. All of us experience a very coined phe- nomena of Monday Morning Blues but if this continuous the entire week making you feel less motivated, then prob- ably its best to start looking around. Weekends are some- thing that individuals relish however if you have a stomach crunching feeling to go to work the next day, then do start ex- ploring new avenues. 10. Not challenging enough: All these factors above also contribute to the fact that your job is not challenging enough for you to stay. You have been there, done that and now need something extra in your role, but if it does not come through, you start getting anxious. These are also signs that you need to change. Job change is not easy in today’s time and age. With changing market avenues and a dynamically changing econ- omy, it is even more impera- tive for one to think hard be- fore moving out. Although the above mentioned points can act as markers for a change in job, however it is best to con- sider all options together be- fore looking out. It is good to know and study the market but becoming openly available for employers in the market, is another story. Job security and remuneration are very important and hence it is best to tread carefully before mov- ing to the next job rather than taking up the first opportunity that comes your way. “And the only way to do great work is to love what you do. If you haven’t found it yet, KEEP LOOKING. DON’T SETTLE. As with all mat- ters of the heart, you’ll know when you find it.” - Steve Jobs | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201622 u
  • 23. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 23 Admissions Important Dates Last date for online sub- mission of application: 15th September 2016. Written Test: 8th De- cember 2016. Date of interviews (only for selected candidates): 8th and 9th December 2016. Applications are invited from highly motivated stu- dents for a research schol- arship to do a Ph.D. at the Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astro- physics (IUCAA), Pune (an autonomous institution of the university grants com- mission) or the National Centre for Radio Astro- physics (NCRA), Pune (a centre of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), a Deemed Univer- sity), which has built, and operated by the Giant Me- treware Radio Telescope (GMRT). IUCAA and NCRA: IUCAA offers challeng- ing opportunities to young researchers in theory, obser- vation, and instrumentation in Astronomy and Astro- physics. Recently, IUCAA has acquired a share in the 10 m Southern African Large Telescope (SALT), and operates the IUCAA Gi- rawali Observatory (IGO) with 2 m optical telescope. Both the telescopes are with imaging, spectroscopic and polarimetric capabilities. IUCAA has a high perfor- mance computational facil- ity, and a good library. NCRA offers exciting op- portunities for research in Astronomy and Astrophys- ics, as well as instrumenta- tion, with an emphasis on Radio Astronomy. NCRA has built and operates the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, which is located near Pune, and is the big- gest and most powerful ra- dio telescope in the world at low radio frequencies. It has been used internationally and has led to several signif- icant discoveries. NCRA has modern computing facilities and a well-stocked library. Eligibility: Applications are invited from students who expect to complete their M.Sc., In- tegrated M.Sc., or B.E./B. Tech./M.E./M.Tech. degrees by July 2017 with 55% marks or more. Students in any branch of the B.E., B.Tech., M.E. or M.Tech. degrees, or in the Phys- ics, Electronics, Astronomy or Applied Mathematics branches of the B.Sc., or M.Sc., degrees, are eligible to apply for INAT-2016. Students who have already completed any of the above degrees are also eligible. In addition, talented final-year B.Sc., 1st year M.Sc., 4th year Integrated M.Sc. and 2nd/3rd year B.E./B.Tech. students may also apply to be pre-selected for the Ph.D. programme at IUCAA. Students who complete their M.Sc./Integrated, M.Sc./M.E./M.Tech. degrees by July 2017 will be eligible for selection to the Ph.D. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 23
  • 24. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201624 programme of both IUCAA and NCRA-TIFR. Students who complete their B.E./B. Tech. degrees by July 2017 are eligible for selection to the Ph.D. programme at IUCAA and to the Inte- grated Ph.D. programme at NCRA-TIFR (except for En- gineering Physics students, who will be eligible for selec- tion to the Ph.D. programme at NCRA-TIFR). Students who complete their B.Sc. degrees by July 2017 will be eligible for selection to the Integrated Ph.D. pro- gramme at NCRA-TIFR and for pre-selection to the Ph.D. programme at IUCAA. Selection Procedure: We are looking for high- ly motivated students with a consistently good academ- ic record. While we strongly encourage students from engineering backgrounds to apply for INAT-2016, we emphasize that we are look- ing for students who are in- terested in carrying out doc- toral research in Physics, or Astronomy and Astrophys- ics. We hence expect pro- spective candidates to have a good understanding of ba- sic Physics. Based on the applica- tions and referee assess- ments, a subset of the can- didates will be short-listed and invited to take the writ- ten test, to be held in Pune on Thursday, December 8, 2016. Candidates with 55% or more marks in the qualifying examination may walk-in for the written test by producing valid photo identification and a copy of their most recent mark sheet. They should report at the Chandrasekhar Au- ditorium, IUCAA by 9:00 a.m. for verification of these documents, to ensure that there are no logistical problems. The final selec- tion to the research schol- arship will be based on the results of the written test (on Thursday, December 8, 2016) and two interviews (on Thursday, December 8, and/or Friday, December 9, 2016), both to be held in Pune. Note that, for both IUCAA and NCRA-TIFR, the selection through INAT is in addition to the se- lection through the Joint Entrance Screening Test (JEST). Nature of the Written Test: The test will be of two hours duration. The ques- tion paper will have two parts, A and B. Part A will contain twenty objective- type questions on basic Mathematics, Physics and Electronics. Part B will contain another twenty ob- jective-type questions from advanced Physics, Math- ematics and Electronics/ Engineering. For each ques- tion, candidates will have to identify and mark the cor- rect answer from the given four answers. For a correct answer, there will be +3 (plus three) marks, and for a wrong answer, there will be -1 (minus one) mark. Based on their perfor- mance in the written test, a limited number of candi- dates will be invited for two interviews, which will be conducted on December 8 and/or 9, 2016. The final selection will be based on the scores in the written test and interviews. Candidates selected by ei- ther IUCAA or NCRA are expected to join in August 2017 (except for pre-select- ed candidates), after satis- factory completion of their qualifying examination. How to apply: Candidates should fill an online Application Form available at www.ncra.tifr. res.in/ For more details refer website. Contact Details: Address: The Admin- istrative Officer (Core Pro- grammes), Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics (IUCAA), Pune University Campus, Post Bag 4, Ganeshkhind, Pune - 411 007, Maharashtra. Phone: (020) 25604100 / 25691414 Fax: (020) 2 5604699 E-mail: Contact I Website: www.iucaa.ernet. in, www.ncra.tifr.res.in/ | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201624
  • 25. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 25 Important Dates Last date for receipt of application form (without late fee): 17th September 2016. University of Mumbai invites online application for admission to UG/PG Programs through Distance and Open Learning mode for 2016. Programmes offered: B.A. (History‚ Political Science‚ Sociology‚ Economics‚ Education‚ Psychology‚ Commerce‚ Rural Development‚ English‚ Hindi and Marathi) B.Com (Accounts/ Management Group) B.Sc. (Information Technology) B.Sc. (Computer Science) B.Sc. (Nautical Technology) M.A. (History‚ Sociology‚ Economics‚ Marathi‚ English‚ Hindi‚ Gujarati and Politics) M.A. (Education) M.Com (Accounts / Management) MA/M.Sc. (Mathematics) M.Sc. (Information Technology) M.Sc. (Computer Science) MCA *(Master of Computer Application) 2nd and 3rd Year PGDFM (PG Diploma in Financial Management) PGDORM (PG Diploma in Operations Research for Management) Eligibility: The students from CBSE‚ NIOS‚ HSC Boards other than Maharashtra State‚ Dip Ed and Degree from other than University of Mumbai will have to obtain the Eligibility Certificate which will be issued online after approval from Eligibility Unit‚ Room No. 108 (A), Institute of Distance and Open Learning‚ Dr. Shankar Dayal Sharma Bhavan‚ Vidyanagari‚ Santacruz (E), Mumbai-98. The students should download their Eligibility Form online after application for admission and submit the same and show all original certificates in Room no 108 first floor‚ IDOL‚ University of Mumbai, Kalina Campus. Documents Required: 1) HSC and onwards all examination (F.Y.‚ S.Y. and T.Y.) 2) Proof of Date of Birth. 3) Migration / Transference Certificate. 4) Passing/Convocation / Degree Certificate. 5) Marriage Certificate/ Gazette Notification (For female married students). Fees for eligibility case: Document Verification fees of Rs.400/- will be charged from UG programme students who have passed their Board/University Examinations from other than Maharashtra State Higher Secondary Board and University of Mumbai (Only for Eligibility Case). Eligibility fees of Rs.220/- for the students who have passed their examination from Maharashtra state Universities/ HSC board‚ Rs. 320/- out of Maharashtra State University / HSC Board. How to Apply: Application forms will be available on institute website www.mu.ac.in, which can be submitted online. Applicant can proceed for payment through online payment through Credit/Debit Cards‚ Net Banking and Bank Challan from any branch of Bank of Maharashtra. Students of other than University of Mumbai/ CBSE/ NIOS / other State Boards should obtain Eligibility Certificate through online from this website www. mahaonline.gov.in More Details can be available from the institute website. Contact Details: Address: University of Mumbai, Institute of Dis- tance and open Learning (IDOL), Dr. Shankar Day- al Sharma Bhavan, Vidy- anagari, Kalina, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400 098. Phone: 022-26523048 / 26527086 Fax: 022-26527083 E-mail: Contact I Website: www.mu.ac.in | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 25
  • 26. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201626 Important Dates Commencement of Online application submission: Sep- tember 1st, 2016. Last Date for Submission of Online Application through Website: October 4th, 2016. Last Date for Request for Change in the Choice of Exami- nation City via GOAPS login: November 16, 2016. Availability of Admit Card on the Online Application Inter- face for printing: January 5th, 2017. GATE 2017 Online Exami- nation4th - 5thFebruary and 11th -12th February, 2017. Announcement of Results on the Online Application Web- site: March 27th, 2017. Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is an all India examination admin- istered and conducted jointly by the Indian Institute of Sci- ence and seven Indian Insti- tutes of Technology on behalf of the National Coordination Board - GATE, Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), Government of India. The GATE committee, which comprises of representa- tives from the administering in- stitutes, is the sole authority for regulating the examination and declaring the results. GATE is conducted through the constitution of eight zones. The zones and the correspond- ing administrative institutes are: Zone-1: Indian Institute of Science Bengaluru. Zone-2: Indian Institute of Technology Bombay. Zone-3: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi. Zone-4: Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati. Zone-5: Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur. Zone-6: Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur. Zone-7: Indian Institute of Technology Madras. Zone-8: Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee. The choice of the paper is the responsibility of the candi- date. GATE Qualification: Admission to Postgraduate Courses (Master’s and Doctor- al) in the country, with MHRD and other Government Scholar- ships/ Assistantships in Engi- neering/ Technology/ Architec- ture/ Science, is open to those who qualify in GATE. Validity of GATE 2017 score will be for a period of 3 (THREE) YEARS ONLY from the date of announcement of results. For all the papers, GATE 2017 exami- nation will be conducted in only ONLINE mode. For some of the papers the examination will be conducted in multiple sessions. For details, please visit GATE 2017 website. Eligibility: Candidates in the following categories ONLY are eligible to appear for GATE: (a) Bachelor’s degree holders in Engineer- ing/ Technology/Architecture (4 years after 10+2/Post-Diploma) and those who are in the final year of such programs, (b) Can- didates in the final year of the Four-year Bachelor’s degree program in Science (B.S.). (c) Master’s degree holders in any branch of Science/Mathematics/ Statistics/Computer Applica- tions or equivalent and those who are in the final year of such programs, (d) Candidates in the second or higher year of the Four-year Integrated Mas- ter’s degree program (Post-B. Sc.) in Engineering/ Technol- ogy, (e) Candidates in the fourth or higher year of Five-year In- tegrated Master’s degree pro- gram or Dual Degree program in Engineering/Technology, (f) Candidates in the final year of Five-year integrated M.Sc. or Five year integrated B.Sc./M. Sc. program and (g) Candidates with qualifications obtained through examinations conduct- ed by professional societies rec- ognized by UPSC/AICTE (e.g. AMIE by IE(I), AMICE(I) by the Institute of Civil Engineers (India)-ICE(I)) as equivalent to B.E./B.Tech. Those who have completed section A or equiva- lent of such professional courses are also eligible. Candidates have to apply only ONLINE. The application fee is 1500 for General/OBC male candidates, 750 for female candidates and 750 for the SC/ ST/PwD category candidates. The application fee can be paid either online or through e-chal- lan via State Bank of India or Axis Bank (additional bank (GATE 2017) Organising Institute - IIT Kanpur | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201626
  • 27. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 27 charges may apply). The appli- cation fee is non-refundable. How to Apply: Submission of Online Ap- plication Forms may be made by accessing the website of the zonal GATE office of the exami- nation city where the candidate wishes to appear. For details on filling up of online application form and the application pro- cess, please refer to the websites of IISc or any of the IITs as list- ed below. Zonal GATE Office T e n t a - tive List of Examination Cit- ies: Chairperson, GATE, IISc Bangalore, Benga- luru - 560 012 Website: gate.iisc.ernet.in Alappuzha, Aluva, Ananthapur, Attingal, Bagalkot, Bangalore, Belgaum, Bellary, Bidar, Chen- gannur, Davengere, Gulbarga, Hassan, Hubli, Idukki, Kannur, Kanjirapally, Kasaragod, Ko- lar, Kollam, Kothamangalam, Kottayam, Kozhikode, Kurnool, Malappuram, Mangalore, Ma- nipal, Muvattupuzha, Mysore, Nedumangad, Pala, Palakkad, Payyannur, Port Blair, Pu- nalur, Shimoga, Thrissur, Tum- kur and Vadakara. Chairperson, GATE, IIT Bombay, Powai, Mumbai - 400 076 Website: www.gate.iitb. ac.in Ahmedabad, Ahmed- nagar, Amravati, Anand, Au- rangabad, Bhavnagar, Bhuj, Gandhinagar, Goa, Hyderabad, Jalgaon, Kolhapur, Lonawala, Mehsana, Mumbai, Nagpur, Nanded, Nashik, Navi Mumbai, Pune, Rajkot, Ratnagiri, Sangli, Satara, Secunderabad, Solapur, Surat, Thane and Vadodara. Chairperson, GATE, IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi - 110016 Website: gate.iitd.ac.in Ajmer, Alwar, Bahadurgarh, Bikaner, New Delhi, Delhi- NCR, Faridabad, Gurgaon, Hisar-Rohtak, Indore, Jammu, Jaipur, Jodhpur, Karnal, Kota, Mathura, Palwal, Sikar, Udai- pur-Chittorgarh and Ujjain. Chairperson, GATE, IIT Guwahati, Guwahati - 781039 Website: www.iitg.er- net.in/gate A g a r t a l a , Asansol,Dhanbad, Durgapur, Gangtok, Guwahati, Imphal, Jorhat, Kalyani, Patna, Silchar, Siliguri, Shillong and Tezpur. Chairperson, GATE, IIT Kanpur, Kanpur - 208016 Website: www.iitk.ac.in/ gate Agra, Aligarh, Alla- habad, Bareilly, Bhopal, Gwali- or, Jabalpur, Kanpur, Lucknow and Varanasi. Chairperson, GATE, IIT Kharagpur, Kharag- pur - 721302 Website: gate.iitkgp. ac.in Balasore, Berhampur (Odisha), Bhilai, Bhimavaram, Bhubaneswar, Bilaspur (CG), Cuttack, Eluru, Hooghly, Jam- shedpur, Kakinada, Kharagpur, Kolkata, Raipur, Rajahmundry, Ranchi, Rourkela, Sambalpur, Tadepalligudem, Vijayawada and Visakhapatnam. Chairperson, GATE, IIT Madras, Chennai - 600036 Website: gate.iitm.ac.in Angamaly , Bapatla, Chennai North, Chennai South, Chit- toor, Coimbatore, Cuddalore, Dindigul, Ernakulam, Erode, Gudur, Guntur, Kadapa, Kan- yakumari, Karimnagar, Karur, Khammam, Madurai, Nager- coil, Nalgonda, Namakkal, Nellore, Ongole, Puducherry (Pondicherry), Salem, Thanja- vur, Thiruchengode, Thiruvan- namalai, Thiruvananthapuram, Tiruchirapalli, Tirunelveli, Tir- upati, Tuticorin, Vellore, Villu- puram, Virudhunagar and Wa- rangal. Chairperson, GATE, IIT Roorkee,Roorkee-247667 Website: www.iitr.ac.in/ gate Ambala, Amritsar, Bathinda, Chandigarh-Mohali- Fatehgarh Sahib, Dehradun, Ghaziabad, Haldwani-Bhimtal, Hamirpur (HP)-Una, Jaland- har-Phagwara, Kurukshetra, Ludhiana-Moga, Meerut, Mo- radabad, Noida, Panchkula, Pa- nipat, Pathankot, Patiala-San- grur, Roorkee-Muzaffarnagar, Saharanpur, Sirmaur, Solan- Shimla, Sonepat and Yamu- nanagar. * List of cities may change. Please consult corresponding zonal GATE office websites for complete list of cities. The application fee GATE 2017: Male Candidates (General/ OBC) - Rs. 1500/- Women Candidates of any category - Rs. 750/- Other Candidates (General/ OBC) - Rs. 1500/- SC / ST / PwD* Category Candidates - Rs. 750/- The application fee is non- refundable. For GATE 2017 payments would have to be made through online by select- ing either SBI I-collect or Axis Bank I-Connect, or using any bank Debit Card/Credit Card, Net Banking and e-challan fa- cilities ONLY. Additional charg- es will be applicable as per the rule of the bank from where the money is being transferred. Ta- ble 4.5 gives the charges as ap- plicable for State Bank of India (SBI) I-Collect and Axis Bank I- Connect where the GATE 2017 account is and where the money is to be transferred. More details can be avail- able from the institute website. Contact Details: Address: GATE Office, Indian Institute of Technology- Kanpur, Kanpur - 208 016 Phone: 0512 2597412 Fax: 0512 2590932 E-mail: Contact I Website: gate.iitk.ac.in | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 27
  • 28. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201628 Scholarships Applications are invited for Chevening Cyber Se- curity Fellowship which is funded by the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office. This is a 12-week fully fund- ed residential programme de- livered at Cranfield Univer- sity at the Defence Academy of the United Kingdom. The Chevening Cyber Se- curity Fellowship is aimed at mid-career professionals with demonstrable leader- ship potential in the field of cyber security or cyber policy in India. Chevening is the UK government’s international awards scheme aimed at de- veloping global leaders since 1983. Funded by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) and partner organisa- tions, Chevening offers two types of award – Chevening Scholarships and Chevening Fellowships – the recipients of which are personally se- lected by British Embas- sies and High Commissions throughout the world. In order to receive a Chevening Award, all ap- plicants must demonstrate that they have fulfilled the Chevening English language requirement by 13 July 2017. Course Level: This is a 12-week fully funded residential programme. Study Subject: Fellow- ship is awarded in the field of cyber security or cyber policy. Scholarship Award: Each fellowship includes: • Full programme fees. • Living expenses for the du- ration of the fellowship. • Return economy flight from India to the UK. Scholarship can be taken in the UK Eligibility: To be eligible for a Chevening Cyber Secu- rity Fellowship, you must: • Be a citizen of India and currently live in the coun- try. Students must not hold British nationality. • Have at least seven years’ relevant work experience prior to applying. • Have significant work ex- perience in cyber security or cyber policy issues, ei- ther as a policy formulator, commentator, or academic. • Have an excellent academic background in science, en- gineering or technology, or considerable experience of working in such fields and good working knowledge of English to be assessed by the qualified English lan- guage assessor. • Have a postgraduate level qualification (or equivalent professional training or ex- perience in a relevant area) Cyber Security Fellowship for Indian students in UK, 2017
  • 29. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 29 at the time of application. Agree to adhere to all rel- evant guidelines and expec- tations for the programme. Nationality: Citizens of India can apply for this fellowship programme. College Admission Re- quirement Entrance Requirement: Applicant must have a post- graduate level qualification (or equivalent professional training or experience in a relevant area) at the time of application. Test Requirement: No English Language Require- ment: Chevening accepts English language tests from five providers: • Academic IELTS • Pearson PTE Academic • TOEFL Ibt • Cambridge English: Ad- vanced (CEA) • Trinity ISE II (B2) How to Apply: Applications for Chevening Fellowships can be submitted using the Chevening online applica- tion system. Prior to start application for a Chevening Fellowship please ensure applicants have the follow- ing ready: Essential: • Two references to be pro- vided in a letter format and written in English • Valid passport/national ID 13th Manthan Awards South Asia, 2016 card • University transcripts (un- dergraduate, postgraduate) • Please note that only docu- ments in PDF format can be uploaded and documents cannot be over 5MB in size. Optional: English lan- guage (if already met the re- quirements) Applicants can submit an initial application without the optional document and upload them to their applica- tion at a later date. Application Dead- line: Applications for this fellowship award will open from 15 August to 30 Sep- tember 2016. The Manthan Award is an annual award for South Asia given in recognition of exceptional digital content creation. Nominations are accepted from the public and multiple awards are given in many categories. Manthan Award South Asia and its aim: Manthan Award South Asia is a first of its kind ini- tiative to discover, recognise and honour the best use of ICT and digital tools for de- velopmental purposes. The Award is less about technolo- gy and digital media but more about the right use of digital and technological tools to em- power people. The specific objective of the Award is to bring to the attention of all stakehold- ers such as governments, business and industry and civil society organisations engaged in the development sector significant ICTD ini- tiatives and valuable digital content that are successfully serving underserved com- munities especially in rural areas and urban slums. Most of these success stories go un- heralded in the mainstream media as these ICT interven- tions often operate in media- blind areas and sectors. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 29
  • 30. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201630 Consequently, there is lit- tle knowledge-sharing among the progenitors of these ini- tiatives which in turn hin- ders the emergence of an ecosystem that feeds on this knowledge and enables scal- ing up of these initiatives and coordination among them for much larger impact. The Manthan Award South Asia seeks to bridge this gap and create a platform that will not only highlight such ICTD initiatives but also help to create a network and data- base of such players that will enable all stakeholders to contribute in a way that will enhance the overall impact of such ICT interventions. The online process of ac- cepting nominations for the 13th  Manthan Award SOUTH ASIA starts from August 18, 2016. Every nomination is required to submit a ‘Product Demo’ presentation as well as a ‘How to use’ Video. The Manthan Award South Asia brings together the best ICT for Development experts from South Asia region as jurors, to deliberate and decide upon the award-winning digital in- terventions and e-content in the region. Each nomination will be assessed according to the following criteria: • Award nominations sub- mitted by individuals on behalf of public or private sector organizations, uni- versity, or research and de- velopment institutions and non-government organiza- tions will be considered. • Any nominated project has to complete at least 4 months on-ground by Au- gust 2016. Start-ups can send their new launched projects started after 1st July 2016 in our new cat- egory called Early Stage. • Award Nominations only from South Asia region will be considered. • Award nominations from past year winners for the same project will not be considered. • Award nominations must provide clear and concrete information about your ini- tiative, organization, the team involved. • Any single entry of nomina- tion will not be considered under multiple categories. • Irrespective of the product/ project language, all pro- ducer, and project informa- tion must be in English. • No direct entries from Ban- gladesh for the Manthan Awards South Asia will be entertained from this year. All entries from the coun- try will only be allowed through BRAC Manthan Digital Innovation Award (BMDIA), a collaborative initiative of BRAC and DEF. NOMINATION GUIDE- LINES • There are no charges appli- cable for nominating any project in Manthan Award South Asia Nomination processes. • There are no limitation on submitted number of Nom- ination from any organisa- tion i.e. one can submit’n’ number of nominations for different projects from one organisation. • Manthan Award South Asia, being applicable across South Asia region invites Best Practioners from all 8 South Asia coun- tries to nominate for the best ICT innovations from their countries. • The Manthan Awards are open to any of the follow- ing in the SOUTH ASIA region. 1. Governments 2. Individuals/Students 3. Entrepreneurs 4. Industry (Private Sector Companies/Corporate) 5. Academician and Academ- ic institutions 6. NGOs/NPOs • Winning Nominees of past years cannot submit the same project again at Man- than Award South Asia 2016. • The same project can be applied again if it was not a winning entry of any of the past 12 editions. • Any partner to Manthan Award South Asia is eligi- ble to apply for the Nomi- nation process of any of their project as Jury is completely an indepen- dent process, irrespective of Manthan Award South Asia stakeholders. • Any false information sub- mitted about the project will immediately lead to | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201630
  • 31. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 31 permanent disqualification of the Nominee. • Irrespective of the prod- uct/project language, all producer and project infor- mation must be in English only. • Any nomination form re- ceived after the last date of registration will not be en- tertained. • Any partially filled/not filled registration form will be rejected. • Nomination form shall be submitted either online or offline (via email), how- ever we recommend you to choose online method to take the advantage of up- date/editing filled informa- tion. • Please note that either a PPT or a small video about the project is a mandatory requirement of the Nomi- nation form. • Any applicant may edit/ modify the details in the Nomination form till the last date of accepting the Nomination form using their credentials. • The fields marked manda- tory in nomination forms are necessary to be filled by the nominee. • Any Nomination entry without Video or the PPT shall be considered as an incomplete entry & will not be counted for the final stage of Jury evaluation. • The entry will not be con- sidered if any nominee fails to submit the entire details of the nomination forms till the last date of Nomination. • A Nominee shall consider the following documents to send with the completed nomination form- 1. Presentation (covering in- formation about the proj- ect they have applied for) [Mandatory] 2. Logo of the project [Manda- tory] 3. Video on the project [Man- datory] 4. Letter of Acknowledge- ment/Letter of apprecia- tion [if any] by any recog- nized entity or any publica- tions Online/Offline of the Nominated project being submitted. 5. Brief profile of Producer[optional] 6. Screenshots of website, im- ages, real site photos. • All materials received dur- ing the judging process will remain confidential and will not be shared with any external entity without the consent of the concerned person(s). • All the materials received [PPTs, Videos, Screen- shots, Photos etc.] dur- ing the nomination can be used by Manthan Award SOUTH ASIA Secretariat to produce any internal or winning project informa- tion/knowledge videos. • Jury Evaluation shall be organized in October 2016. • All shortlisted Nominees shall get information about their nomination in the last week of October 2016. • Online Registration and Exhibition booking will be open from October 2016. • Manthan Award South Asia 2016 event is sched- uled to take place on 02nd December, 2016 at Sura- jkund Mela venue, Sura- jkund, Haryana, (not very far from New Delhi, India). Evaluation Criteria: • Content and services Quan- tify the quality of content and services delivery, the relevance of content and its utility value. • Impact, accessibility, and sustainability: Quantify and qualify the social im- pact and the commercial viability of the application. Accessibility of the system, technology, interface and its inclusive nature for all kinds of users. • Functionality/navigation: Please highlight the user- friendliness and interac- tive nature of the applica- tion. • USP and strategic value: Please focus on the unique- ness of the idea and easi- ness of strategy replica- tion. • Benefit and utility: Please describe the real benefit to last mile users. • Overall Experience: The overall experience of the user about the project or service or content delivery Applicants can submit the applications using on- line application mode. Nomination closing date: 15 September 2016. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 31
  • 32. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201632 GENERAL KNOWLEDGE |Harpreet Kaur | R ajasthan is filled with legends of Rajputs and one would love to see where it all begins in this day and age.  In 1914 His Excellency Lord Hardinge of Penshurst, Viceroy and Governor Gen- eral of India on 8/2/1914 in- augurated the institution. Maharaja Sir Pratap Singhji, Regent, Jodhpur State and Lady Hardinge, were present at the inauguration. The new elegant red sandstone build- ing in Rajput Style is having an enormous façade. A red sandstone inscription reads: “This building was opened by Baron Hardinge of Penshurst, Viceroy and Governor General on 8th February, 1914.” Begun in 1875 by Maharaja Prat- ap Singhji, this school was started for the wards of the Thakurs of Jodhpur state. This school was begun in the same year as Mayo College. The school was originally named Powlett Nobles Elgin Rajput School. A carved mar- ble monogram displays this name at the top of the main school building façade and aboveitisinscribed“RanBan- ka Rathore” in Hindi. Four Boarding Houses were built and are called  ”Hardinge Rajput School of Chopasani at Jodhpur | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201632
  • 33. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 33 House”,  ”Elgine House”,  “Powlett House” and the last “Pratap House”. What makes this school special is that it has two very important institutes within. These include Rajasthani Sabd Kosh that was begun by Sita Ram Lalas who has been compiling a dictionary and has given 40 years of service to this institute. The Rajast- hani Sodh Sansthan is a re- search institute for scholars and researchers who want to discover anything about Raj- asthan. The walls of the hall are filled with pictures of stu- dents of yesteryears many of whom joined the First Rajput Regiment. Although not a new institute this school still makes an impression in the mind and heart when men- tioned.   Rajasthani Shabdkosh Rajasthani is a rich lan- guage and the need of a com- prehensive Dictionary was desperately felt. This would facilitate not only the study in Rajasthani language but also of several languages in the Indo-European languag- es. Renowned linguist and lexicographer Sita Ram Lalas devoted 40 years of yeoman service in the compilation of this glorious work. His efforts were supported by Shri Uday Raj Ujjwal and Pt. Nitya Nand Dadheech. The task of publication of the Rajasthani Sabad-Kosh was taken up by Rajasthani Shodh Sans- than with the inspiration of the then chairperson of the Education Committee Shri Bheron Singh ji Khejadla and Secretary Shri Vijay Singh ji Siriyari. The first volume of the Shabdkosh with a long preface by Sansthan’s Direc- tor Dr. Narayan Singh Bhati was published in 1962. The volume was acclaimed as a significant academic work by Indian as well as foreign scholars. The volume includ- ed two hundred thousand (2 lakh) words. Rajasthan Government and the Gov- ernment of India generously funded this project of Cho- pasni Shiksha Samiti and the sub-committee appointed by it utilized all resources available and the contribu- tion of former secretary Late Col. Thakur Shyam Singhji has to be recorded. The shab- dkosh was published in nine volumes. This Shabdkosh merits distinction in including thou- sands of words with examples from literature, dialects, sub- dialects, religion, philosophy, vedic-wisdom, astrology and agriculture. Etymologies of each entry and its formations have been traced. An im- proved version of the Shabd- kosh has been revised, edited and published. Besides this, Dr. Saddique Mohammad has edited Muhavra-Kosh (An encyclopedia of prov- erbs) Sankshipta Rajasthani, Hindi Shabdkosh (A concise Dictionary of Rajasthani) and Rajasthani-Hindi Arthik and Vyaparik Shabdkosh (A Rjasthani Hindi Dictionary of Economic and commer- cial terms). These have been published. Presently the Ra- jasthani sabadkosh bureau is preparing the Rajasthani Sanskriti-kosh (A dictionary of Rajasthani Culture) which is expected to be ready for publication soon. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 33
  • 34. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201634 Rajasthani Shodh Sanst- han Rajasthan has been the “heart-land” of India. There are many glorious legends of sacrifice, virility, devotion and they glorified Indian his- tory on one hand and fasci- nated audiences world over through differing aspects of cultural and performing arts. Although much of its literary treasure was destroyed and plundered during different invasions, some of the price- lessly valuable manuscripts have been salvaged and pre- served. Intensive research, procurement, classification and editing have gone into making this significant heri- tage available for posterity and prospective scholars. The Manuscripts are available for specific pur- pose of research. Rajasthani Shodh Sansthan was estab- lished in 1955. Dr. Narain Singh Bhati (1955-1993) was assigned the task of its es- tablishment and structuring it. He gave it the present sta- tus and led research from the front. As on date this institute has a national reputation and is a research centre (recog- nized by Jai Narain Vyas Uni- versity, Jodhpur) for doctoral and post doctoral research in Rajasthani Language, Litera- ture and Medieval History. Since 1957, the Govern- ment of Rajasthan has been matching 90% grant-in-aid available to this research in- stitute of quality research. Rajasthan Sahitya Academy (Rajasthan Academy of Let- ters) and Government of In- dia have been funding special programmes and projects of the institute. Rajasthani Shodh Sansthan has a rich collection of 16,734 rare manuscripts. Besides these several standard publications have attracted a number of scholars from various Indian Univer- sities and overseas. They frequently visit this institute. Over 600 of them have been benefited by the invaluable research material by now. Today it is headed by Dr. Vikram Singh Bhati. ‘Parampara’ (‘the tradition’) is the research journal pub- lished quarterly by Rajasthani Shodh Sansthan. 147 special issues of the journal have been published by now. The institute has a collection of 16743 rare manuscripts, about 300 paint- ings of Rajput school of painting, speeches of learned speak- ers and research papers. The Institute guides and assists re- search scholars by providing catalogues of manuscripts, pub- lications of the anthologies of the works of Rajasthani poets, compilation of Rajasthani Sabad Kosh by organizing seminars and symposia on Rajasthani Literature and History. Parampara, a journal This is a quarterly publication concentrating on Rajas- thani culture. There are special issues many of them col- lectibles like the one on Dingalkosh, Rajasthani Sahitya ka Aadi kaal (Ancient period of Rajasthani), Rajasthani sahitya ka Madhya Kaal (Medieval period of Rajasthani Literature), Lokgeet (Folk songs), Etihasik Baate (Historical Legends) that find a place in the University syllabus as reference books. The series have been published uninterrupted. The issues contain articles on history, literature, folk liter- ature and culture. An authenticate version has several genres like Baat, khyat, vachanika, [prosody, lexicography, grammer, interpretation, transcriptions, historical perspective, analyti- cal study of folk literature, criticism, songs, couplets etc. Some issues have been devoted to modern Rajasthani Literature. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201634 u
  • 35. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 35 Events yy The floods in Assam sweep away at least 13 of Kaziran- ga National Park’s Rhinos. The park has an estimated population of about 2,400 one-horned Great Indian Rhinoceros. yy Five people on board a mili- tary helicopter are killed when it was shot down over Syria, in the single dead- liest incident for Moscow since it intervened in the war. yy A Syrian rescue service op- erating in rebel-held ter- ritory says a helicopter dropped containers of toxic gas overnight on a town close to where a Russian military helicopter had been shot down some hours earlier. 04/08/2016 yy After being subject to months of haggling, the Goods and Services Tax fi- nally has its historic day in the Rajya Sabha, with the passage of the Bill to amend the constitution, paving the way for the “One Nation, One Tax” concept. 01/08/2016 yy One person is killed and four others are injured in a shooting in Austin, Texas. The incident began in a busy downtown area filled with bars and night clubs. The Police warn the people on Twitter to steer clear of the area because of an “ac- tive shooter”. yy Turkey’s Government dis- misses nearly 1,400 military personnel, including a top aide to President Recep- Tayyip Erdogan in the latest round of a sweeping purge following a failed coup. 02/08/2016 03/08/2016 yy The Government confirms that the number of Indian workers “affected” by finan- cial crisis in the Saudi King- dom is 7,700. The Minister of State for external affairs Gen.V.K.Singh leaves for Saudi Arabia to ascertain the situation. yy Maoist Chief Prachanda is elected by law makers as Nepal’s Prime Minister for a second time. He promises to work as a bridge between communities. 05/08/2016 yy Peepti Live Co-director- Mohmood Farooqui is sen- tenced to seven years in jail | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 35
  • 36. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201636 | |GYAN VitaranamAugust 15 - September 14, 2016 36 yy A fast-moving fire that ap- peared to be accidental sweeps through a birthday party in a basement bar in the north west French city of Roven, killing at least 13 people and injuring six oth- ers, according to authorities. 08/08/2016 yy A 53-year old man falls to his death from a height of around 100 feet barely 53 seconds after he took to parasailing on CODISSIA Grounds in Coimbatore. The accident occurred alleg- edly because the organiz- ers of the adventure sport failed to fasten his belt to the paragliding gears. der Security Forces (BSF) are killed in a surprise at- tack by militants in the Kupwara district of North Kashmir. The attack was followed by an hour long ceasefire violation by Paki- stani troops. One militant is killed by the retaliatory fire. yy A suicide bomber explodes in a Pakistani hospital in Quetta, killing at least 70 people and injuring over 100 people. Most of the vic- tims were lawyers who had gathered at the hospital af- ter the fatal shooting of a senior local lawyer earlier in the day. 10/08/2016 by a court for raping a U.S. researcher in New Delhi last year. The court also im- poses a fine of Rs.50, 000 on the film maker. yy Suthahar Subburaj an In- dian chief in Omaha, Ne- braska is punched repeat- edly in the face and called “ISIS” by an unidentified man, in an alleged hate crime incident. 06/08/2016 yy At least 14 people includ- ing one militant are killed, and over 20 injured when suspected Bodo militants attack BalajanTiniati mar- ket of Kokrajhar district in Assam. yy A Pakistan-American cou- ple Nazia and Faizal Ali claim that they were re- moved from a U.S. bound flight from Paris as an on- board crew member felt “uncomfortable” after no- ticing that the couple was “sweating”, saying “Allah” and texting. 07/08/2016 yy Breaking his silence on cow vigilantes in the coun- try, Prime Minister Nar- endraModi strongly con- demned their actions, say- ing most of them were anti- social elements masquerad- ing as “gaurakshaks”. yy South African athlete and convicted murderer Oscar Pistorius is returned to his cell after being treated in hospital for injuries from a fall, prison officials say. Pistorias was reportedly hospitalised for alleged cuts on his wrists. 09/08/2016 yy Three Jawans of the Bor- yy Forty four years old Irom- Chanu Sharmila ends her 16-year fast protesting the Armed Forces Special Pow- ers Act of 1958 imposed in Manipur. Ms. Sharmila started her fast aged 28, following a massacre in Imphal in which 10 persons were killed. yy Israel says that it had ar- rested and charged a U.N. employee, engineer Wa- heed Borsh, for allegedly aiding Islamist movement | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201636
  • 37. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 37 Hamas, in the Second such case involving a humani- tarian worker in a week. 11/08/2016 Bank loan default case. yy A pipeline explosion at a power station in China kills at least 21 people and injures five more according to the Xinhua news agency. 13/08/2016 yy A magistrate, an SSP of police and three other po- lice officers are among 47 people injured as stone pelting incidents spill over from Kashmir to the Doda district of Jammu. yy A 36 year old Sikh man Amanjeet Singh Toor is shot dead by a masked gun- man during an armed rob- bery at a convenience store in Arizona, U.S. 14/08/2016 yy Forty-one people said to be members of the outlawed Communist Party of India (Maoist) surrender to the police in the insurgency- hit Narayanpur district of South Chhattisgarh, ac- cording to police sources. yy Five Pakistanis and a Rus- sian who were captured by the Afghan Taliban after their Government helicop- ter crashed in eastern Af- ghanistan are released and returned to Pakistan ac- cording to the foreign min- istry in Islamabad. 15/08/2016 yy A President, Prime Minis- ter and a Chief Minister sit- ting in three different cities meet virtually to dedicate the first unit of the Ku- dankulam Nuclear Power Project to the Nation. PM Narendra Modi, Russian President Vladimir Putin and TN Chief Minister Jay- alalithaa did it through a video conference organized from Moscow, Delhi, Chen- nai and Kudankulam. yy A fire blazes through the maternity ward of one of Baghdad’s largest hospi- tals, killing at least 12 pre- mature babies according to medical and security offi- cials. 12/08/2016 yy The Enforcement Direc- torate is to ready a formal request to be sent to the United Kingdom under the Mutual Legal Assistance Treaty for the “transfer” of Kingfisher Airlines pro- moter Vijay Mallya to India in the Rs. 900 Crore IDBI yy Congress President Sonia Gandhi is discharged from the Sir Ganga Ram Hospital where she was admitted on Aug 3 with fever, dehydra- tion and a shoulder injury. yy Protesters fire gunshots, hurl bricks and set a gas station on fire in the U.S. mid-western city of Mil- waukee hours after a patrol officer shot dead an armed suspect. 17/08/2016 yy Two children die in iden- tical incidents in Delhi as their throats are slit by kite strings. The first victim was a three-year-old, Sanchi Goyal and the second was a four-year-old boy Hari. In addition, nearly a thou- sand birds are injured by the glass shreds encrusted maanja strings, according to the Jain Temple charita- ble Bird Hospital opposite the Red Fort. yy Russia announces for the first time that it has flown bombing raids against je- | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 37
  • 38. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201638 | |GYAN VitaranamAugust 15 - September 14, 2016 38 hadist groups in Syria from an airbase in Iran. Tu-22 M3 long range bombers and Su-34 frontline bombers flying with full bomb loads conduct group airstrikes. 18/08/2016 yy At least 13 people die after consuming spurious liquor in the Goplagunj district of Bihar where stringent pro- hibition is in place. The in- cident unfolded in different neighbourhoods of Gopal- gunj when people mostly daily wage labourers and street vendors, came home drunk on country made li- quor. yy The Southern California wild fire that began as a small mid-morning patch of flame next to interstate 15 in the Cajone pass turns into a 28 square mile mon- ster that has burned untold number of homes displac- ing 82,000people from over 34,000 homes. 19/08/2016 kg free style wrestling event in the Rio Olympics. P.V. Sindhu enters the final of the badminton tournament with a 21-19, 21-14 victory over the high-ranked Nozo- miOkuhara of Japan. yy Syrian and Russian aircraft launch intense air strikes on opposition strongholds in northern Syria to prevent rebels sending reinforce- ments to a crucial battle in Aleppo. The air strikes kill 25 people including 15 civil- ians in Idlib city. 20/08/2016 65-year old woman being mauled to death by a large pack on a suburban beach of Thiruvananthapuram. The hapless woman Silvvamma (65) succumbed to deep in- juries she suffered. Her son who tired to rescue her had to jump in to the sea to es- cape the pack which turned on him. Kerala’s stray dog population is estimated at 2.5 lakh. yy Indian-Canadian Sikh MP Bardish Chagger is named as the new Leader of the gov- ernment in Canada’s House of Commons, becoming the first woman to hold the post in the country’s history. 22/08/2016 yy Actor Kamal Haasan is to be awarded the prestigious- Chevalier de L’Ordre Arts et Lettres(The knight of the order of Arts and Letters) by the French Government. He is only the second actor after the legendary SivajiGanesan to be chosen for the honour. yy A suicide bomber as young as 12, kills at least 51 people at a wedding in Turkey ac- cording to President Recep- Tayyip Erdogan, pointing the finger at the IS group. 23/08/2016 yy Tamil Nadu clears the decks for trans-genders to enter its Police force. Those opting for “third gender” would be un- der the female category for educational qualifications, physical fitness and reserva- tion. yy Singapore’s former Presi- dent, the Indian origin S.R.Nathan and longest serving president dies at yy Sakshi Malik of India bags the bronze medal in the 58 yy P.V Sindu becomes the first woman from India to clinch an Olympic silver medal. The Badminton star played an intense final at the Rio Olympics against two-time world champion Carolina Marin of Spain and had to settle for silver. yy Indian-American Congress man Ami Bera’s father Ba- bulal Bera is jailed for one year and a day for organizing a money-laundering scheme that illegally funded around $ 2,60,000 to his son’s con- gressional campaigns in vio- lation of the U.S. federal law. 21/08/2016 yy The stray dog menace in Kerala takes its toll with a | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201638
  • 39. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 39 a hospital in Singapore af- ter suffering a stroke. He was 92. 24/08/2016 yy A video of two policemen an- nouncing their resignations amid pro-freedom and pro- Islam slogans goes viral in the Valley. Firdous Ahmed and Waseem Ahmed Sheikh of the Special Operations- Group announces their res- ignation during what is be- lieved to be an anti-govern- ment rally at Behrampora Village in North Kashmir. yy Two Indian-American wom- en are selected for the pres- tigious White House Fellow Programme that offers first- hand experience of working at the highest levels of the U.S. federal government. The women are Astrophysi- cist Anjali Tripathi from California and physician Tina R. Shah from Chicago. 25/08/2016 yy More than 22,400 pages of secret data on the capabili- ties of six highly advanced submarines, being built for the Indian Navy in Mum- bai in Collaboration with a French Company DCNS are leaked. The Navy termed it a “serious matter”. yy A powerful earthquake rat- tles a remote area of central Italy leaving at least 250 people dead and scenes of carnage in mountain villag- es. 368 people are injured. 26/08/2016 yy A farmer from Karanjgaon Village of Nashik claims he got the rate of 5 paise per quintal of Onions prompt- ing him to dump his produce of 13 quintals in his field in protest. yy Sixteen people are killed af- ter militants stormed the American University of Af- ghanistan in Kabul. Explo- sions and gunfire rocked the campus for over 10 hours. 27/08/2016 yy “Women be permitted to en- ter the sanctum sanctorum of the Haj Ali Darga at par with men” rules the Bombay High Court in a landmark verdict. yy Top secret documents of the Scorpene Submarines have been out in the open for the past several years, accord- ing to ‘The Australian’. The reports in the newspaper give details of how the se- crets surfaced in Australia in April 2013. 28/08/2016 yy Myanmar President U.H. Tin Kyaw arrives at Bodh Gaya in Bihar. During his two-day visit Mr.Kyaw will offer prayers at the Mahabo- dhi Temple. yy Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent comments on Balochistan seek to brig in- ternational attention to hu- man rights violations in the Pakistan’s Province. 29/08/2016 yy Train Services in Kerala are thrown into disarray after 12 coaches of train Num- ber 16347 Thiruvanantha- puram-Mangalore express derailed in the vicinity of Karukutty railway station near Angamaly. yy Four Lashkar-e-Jhangvi militants allegedly involved in the 2009 attack on the visiting Sri Lankanteam are shot dead by Pakistani Po- lice in Lahore. 30/08/2016 yy Curfew lifted in Kashmir as situation eases after 51 days. Union Home Minister Rajnath Singh set to visit Kashmir Valley soon. yy China flags off its second train to Afghanistan - This time to the commercial hub of Mazar-e-Sharif-as part of its deepening economic and security engagement with Kabul. 31/08/2016 yy European Union anti-trust regulators order Apple to pay up to $ 13 billion in taxes and interest to the Irish government after rul- ing that a special scheme to route profits through Ire- land was illegal state aid. yy India and U.S. sign the Lo- gistics Exchange Memoran- dum of Agreement that will give the militaries of both countries access to each other’s facilities for sup- plies and repairs. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 39
  • 40. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201640
  • 41. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 41 I t has become a fashion to monitor our physical functions with innovative electronic gadgets. Wearable devices are wrapping up our body. They have proliferated in recent years, triggered by the social media. One esti- mate puts the total number of wearables at 200 million and it is expected to reach 88 mil- lion in the next three years. Wearbles are changing the lifestyle of people although slowly. The Apple watch best il- lustrates the changing atti- tude to wearables. Initially there was some doubt if a watch should indeed be expected to carry out some of the functions now available in the new gadget. It is reported that as many as 10,000 apps can be used, though it would be difficult to find one using even half of it! The market has accepted the watch and experts have picked up some popular apps. Some of the more popular ones indicate the user preferences whatever the pundits may predict. For instance, there is a cheat sheet, which comes in handy to remind users of things like pass words for wi-fi and telephone numbers. Another app reminds the bills due for payment. There is also provision for Google Maps, BBC News, weather forecast with easily seen colours to depict the inten- sity of rain and display of emoticons. Some 18 of the popular 25 apps are free while the rest is subscription-based. The apps would need an accompanying iPhone. Attempts are be- ing made to make the watch more independent of the iPhone. Life in the age of WearablesThe quantified self may well become an all- consuming obsession,thanks to wearables. Discovery and New Inventions cover story | Prof. Mohan Sundara Rajan | | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 41
  • 42. | |GYAN Vitaranam September 15 - October 14, 201642 Apple’s new version of its smartwatch, announced on September 7th , is described as the ultimate fitness device.  It is water resistant up to 50m with a built-in GPS location tracker, displaying   running routes to be tracked without carrying a separate phone. Nike announced a new run- ning app and a strap for the watch. People prefer only basic notifications and basic alerts and not many other features of a smartphone. The technology that un- derpins the wearable drive is generally known as flexible electronics. Unlike the stiff solid pieces of electronics to- day, the new devices will be flexible, stretchable and even imperceptible. Some of them are mounted directly on the skin so as to monitor one’s temperature, blood pressure and heart and pulse rate etc. Apps aplenty in the Apple Watch Nike’s new running app Apple Watch showing the weather graphically Each punch can be timed in training sessions Such devices are biodegrad- able. The most familiar wear- able is the one which counts the number of steps taken by the wearer during his or her walk. One can thus evaluate one’s performance and ad- just the exercise according to medical advice. Wearables have become smart devices capable of taking certain de- cisions based on monitored inputs. The Linkoping Uni- versity in Sweden has devel- oped implantable sensors, which are really smart. For instance, they are designed
  • 43. | |GYAN VitaranamSeptember 15 - October 14, 2016 43 to detect the onset of epilep- tic fits and automatically de- liver drugs. Such proactive devices would become multi- functional and go beyond one specific medical condition. A whole range of body functions like sleep disorders, obesity and cardiac conditions can be monitored. Protecting Women The Innovation Lab of Harvard Medical School has designed a unique wear- able for protection of women against assault. It is de- signed by women who had suffered sexual violence. It is meant to prevent, alert, and record attempts against women. The moment an as- sault begins, the victim needs to press a button on a brace- let-like device which will set off a loud alarm and alert the emergency services through GPS-based system which would automatically give the location details. The record to capture the evidence is a big advantage in bringing cul- prits to book. However, the device is only part of a system dedicated for the purpose. Wearables have helped sportspersons monitor their training and improve their An Activity tracker A typical wearable that can be designed to protect women performance. For example, boxers have been using devices, kept inside the fighters’ wraps, to calculate the force of each punch and the time interval between punches, so that im- proved strategy could be drawn up. Pokemon GO Pokemon Go Plus, which is spreading fast among Internet game addicts, has become a fashionable wearable, almost an obsession. You may wear it on your wrist or keep it clipped to your jacket or shirt. It will work with your smartphone. It is a Wearables are a mixed blessing; access to personal data collected by them is easy but so is the risk of misuse of the data, often without your knowledge.