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SITE ANALYSIS
Site Analysis is a vital step in the design process. It involves the evaluation of an existing or
potential site in relation to:
 the development programme,
 environmental impact,
 impacts on the community
 adjacent properties,
 project budget
 schedule.
 environmental constraints and opportunities
 developmental constraints and opportunities.
A well-executed site analysis forms the essential foundation for a cost effective,
environmentally sensitive, and rational approach to project development. Analysis of the
building programme and the ability of the site to accommodate it, combined with
assessment of political, environmental and regulatory issues, reveals the development
potential of a parcel of land.
Why is this required…??
 One may have defined a building programme and be in search of a site. OR
 One may have selected a site and be interested in fitting a development programme to it.
 In yet another case one may have a site and programme in hand and be seeking the most
efficient, economical and environmentally sensitive approach to site development.
 One may be already owning or considering the purchase of an undeveloped or underdeveloped
property and seeks site analysis to accurately define the general development potential and
market value of the property.
As part of site analysis special studies may be required. Examples are utilities studies, environmental
impact studies, historic resources inventories, and studies of special opportunities such as the
of co-generation plants or solid waste disposal systems.
A good site analysis will enable the client to exploit the full potential of a site. Effective planning and
zoning assistance can maximize the potential for regulatory approvals and significantly reduce the
owner’s risk of economic loss.
Consultants with planning or real estate backgrounds are frequently part of the site analysis team. Other
disciplines normally involved include landscape architects and civil, power and geotechnical
engineers/ other specialists required may include traffic engineers or traffic planners, hydrologists,
economic analysts, environmental or wildlife scientists, archaeologists, historians, real estate
programming specialists.
WHEN DOES ONE NEED A SITE ANALYSIS…??
1. LOCATION
 Where is the site located?
 How is the site approached?
 How far is the major junction?
 Are there any traffic and parking issues?
 Existing major streets
 Landmarks
 Aerial photographs help
 Documentation of distances and time from major places
 Verified by either driving or walking first – hand
2. NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTEXT
 Zoning of the neighbourhood as per the municipal planning dept/ master plan.
 Observation of architectural patterns
 Street lighting
 Condition of existing buildings
 Immediate surroundings of the site
 Reaction of the surrounding buildings towards the site
 Analyze movement of people around the site
 Landmarks and nodes (Nodes are key public gathering places that encourage people to
linger and socialize
 Prominent vision lines / visual linkages
 Locally available resources
3. SITE & ZONING
 Verify site boundaries by physical measurement or thru the tax accessor’s office
 Zoning classification
 Set-back requirements
 Height restrictions
 Allowable site coverage
 Uses permitted
 Parking requirement
 Social and political boundaries
4. LEGAL ELEMENTS
 Property description
 Present ownership – free hold/lease hold/ lisenciate – by govt or private (POA)
 Governmental jurisdiction In which the site is located
5. NATURAL PHYSICAL FEATURES
 Topographical features of the site thru contour map
 Site drainage
 Existing natural features of
 Trees – size, type, diameter, height, spread of roots, falling of leaves, water
requirement, soil nourishment. (1 eucalyptus tree consumes almost 500 gallons
of water)
 ground cover,
 ground texture,
 soil type and soil conditions (particularly black cotton soil, clayey soil)
 IS4326 codes for construction in sesmic zone IV. Add sand filling at the bottom.
The crack will not advance towards structure. Bands will check vertical spread of
of crack. Have r.c.c. roofing as a diaphragm
 rock formations
 location of swamps, marshes etc
 biological considerations. Promote aqua life. Bio- diversity zone
6. MAN-MADE FEATURES
 features located on site such as
 buildings
 walls
 fences
 patios
 plazas
 bus stop shelters
 site and location of these features can be directly measured
 documentation of existing historical districts/buildings/features should be made
 ( have a planned city not a planted city)
7. CIRCULATION
 make an inventory of streets, roads, alleys, sidewalks & plazas
 observe what activities happen on these circulation gateways
 promote ground percolation in paved areas.
8. UTILITIES – on or around the site
 get a print of the location of government utility lines serving the site:
 sewage – residual capacity available for the site at the external source
 drainage
 potable water supply
 electricity supply
 solid waste disposal
 water hydrants/fire stations – as per population sizes
9. SENSORY COMPONENTS
 first hand sketching and photographs (sometime aerial photos)
 direst observation of
 noise
 odour
 smoke
 pollutant areas nearby
10. HUMAN & CULTURAL COMPONENTS
 census statistics of the neighborhood
 activities among people on the site and their inter relationships
11. CLIMATIC COMPONENTS
 orientation – with respect to - sun path and wind direction
 temperature
 Average yearly temperature, average monthly temperature, max. and minimum temp range thru the
seasons.
 Is it a heating or a cooling climate?
 Should solar heat gain be maximized or minimized?
 Wind
 intensity & direction thru the year
 wind direction may vary from place to place inside the site and thus should be checked from a few
different places esp. if the site is large. (book by Ar C.P. Kukreja)
 Humidity & Relative humidity
 Precipitation and Hydrology
 Average annual rainfall
 Peak hourly rainfall
 Spread of rainfall thru the year
 Drainage patterns of site – whether it stagnates or flows along natural slopes
 Location of water bodies- ponds, lakes, rivers – if seasonal or perinneal
 Depth of Water table
 Quality of ground water
 HFL - highest flood level – no imp building should be below the HFL
EXAMPLE
-
1
SITE
ACCOMODATION
STUDY
THESE ARE TWO OF MANY DRAWINGS
ANALYZING A LARGE PLANTATION LOCATED
NEAR A MAJOR METROPOLITAN COMMUNITY
AST HE SITE FOR A NEW RESIDENTIAL
COMMUNITY
EXAMPLE - 2

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SITE_ANALYSIS.pptx

  • 2. Site Analysis is a vital step in the design process. It involves the evaluation of an existing or potential site in relation to:  the development programme,  environmental impact,  impacts on the community  adjacent properties,  project budget  schedule.  environmental constraints and opportunities  developmental constraints and opportunities. A well-executed site analysis forms the essential foundation for a cost effective, environmentally sensitive, and rational approach to project development. Analysis of the building programme and the ability of the site to accommodate it, combined with assessment of political, environmental and regulatory issues, reveals the development potential of a parcel of land.
  • 3. Why is this required…??
  • 4.  One may have defined a building programme and be in search of a site. OR  One may have selected a site and be interested in fitting a development programme to it.  In yet another case one may have a site and programme in hand and be seeking the most efficient, economical and environmentally sensitive approach to site development.  One may be already owning or considering the purchase of an undeveloped or underdeveloped property and seeks site analysis to accurately define the general development potential and market value of the property. As part of site analysis special studies may be required. Examples are utilities studies, environmental impact studies, historic resources inventories, and studies of special opportunities such as the of co-generation plants or solid waste disposal systems. A good site analysis will enable the client to exploit the full potential of a site. Effective planning and zoning assistance can maximize the potential for regulatory approvals and significantly reduce the owner’s risk of economic loss. Consultants with planning or real estate backgrounds are frequently part of the site analysis team. Other disciplines normally involved include landscape architects and civil, power and geotechnical engineers/ other specialists required may include traffic engineers or traffic planners, hydrologists, economic analysts, environmental or wildlife scientists, archaeologists, historians, real estate programming specialists. WHEN DOES ONE NEED A SITE ANALYSIS…??
  • 5. 1. LOCATION  Where is the site located?  How is the site approached?  How far is the major junction?  Are there any traffic and parking issues?  Existing major streets  Landmarks  Aerial photographs help  Documentation of distances and time from major places  Verified by either driving or walking first – hand
  • 6. 2. NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTEXT  Zoning of the neighbourhood as per the municipal planning dept/ master plan.  Observation of architectural patterns  Street lighting  Condition of existing buildings  Immediate surroundings of the site  Reaction of the surrounding buildings towards the site  Analyze movement of people around the site  Landmarks and nodes (Nodes are key public gathering places that encourage people to linger and socialize  Prominent vision lines / visual linkages  Locally available resources
  • 7. 3. SITE & ZONING  Verify site boundaries by physical measurement or thru the tax accessor’s office  Zoning classification  Set-back requirements  Height restrictions  Allowable site coverage  Uses permitted  Parking requirement  Social and political boundaries 4. LEGAL ELEMENTS  Property description  Present ownership – free hold/lease hold/ lisenciate – by govt or private (POA)  Governmental jurisdiction In which the site is located
  • 8. 5. NATURAL PHYSICAL FEATURES  Topographical features of the site thru contour map  Site drainage  Existing natural features of  Trees – size, type, diameter, height, spread of roots, falling of leaves, water requirement, soil nourishment. (1 eucalyptus tree consumes almost 500 gallons of water)  ground cover,  ground texture,  soil type and soil conditions (particularly black cotton soil, clayey soil)  IS4326 codes for construction in sesmic zone IV. Add sand filling at the bottom. The crack will not advance towards structure. Bands will check vertical spread of of crack. Have r.c.c. roofing as a diaphragm  rock formations  location of swamps, marshes etc  biological considerations. Promote aqua life. Bio- diversity zone
  • 9. 6. MAN-MADE FEATURES  features located on site such as  buildings  walls  fences  patios  plazas  bus stop shelters  site and location of these features can be directly measured  documentation of existing historical districts/buildings/features should be made  ( have a planned city not a planted city)
  • 10. 7. CIRCULATION  make an inventory of streets, roads, alleys, sidewalks & plazas  observe what activities happen on these circulation gateways  promote ground percolation in paved areas. 8. UTILITIES – on or around the site  get a print of the location of government utility lines serving the site:  sewage – residual capacity available for the site at the external source  drainage  potable water supply  electricity supply  solid waste disposal  water hydrants/fire stations – as per population sizes
  • 11. 9. SENSORY COMPONENTS  first hand sketching and photographs (sometime aerial photos)  direst observation of  noise  odour  smoke  pollutant areas nearby 10. HUMAN & CULTURAL COMPONENTS  census statistics of the neighborhood  activities among people on the site and their inter relationships
  • 12. 11. CLIMATIC COMPONENTS  orientation – with respect to - sun path and wind direction  temperature  Average yearly temperature, average monthly temperature, max. and minimum temp range thru the seasons.  Is it a heating or a cooling climate?  Should solar heat gain be maximized or minimized?  Wind  intensity & direction thru the year  wind direction may vary from place to place inside the site and thus should be checked from a few different places esp. if the site is large. (book by Ar C.P. Kukreja)  Humidity & Relative humidity  Precipitation and Hydrology  Average annual rainfall  Peak hourly rainfall  Spread of rainfall thru the year  Drainage patterns of site – whether it stagnates or flows along natural slopes  Location of water bodies- ponds, lakes, rivers – if seasonal or perinneal  Depth of Water table  Quality of ground water  HFL - highest flood level – no imp building should be below the HFL
  • 14. SITE ACCOMODATION STUDY THESE ARE TWO OF MANY DRAWINGS ANALYZING A LARGE PLANTATION LOCATED NEAR A MAJOR METROPOLITAN COMMUNITY AST HE SITE FOR A NEW RESIDENTIAL COMMUNITY EXAMPLE - 2