1.
Invited Lecture on
BIBLIOGRAPHIC CONTROL:
Universal Bibliographic Control (UBC) and
Universal Availability of Publications
(UAP)
Dr.M.ANJAIAH, Asst.Professor (Sr. Scale)
Dept. of Library and Information Science
DRAVIDIAN UNIVERSITY-KUPPAM
Mobile No.: 9908694950
Email: anjaiahlib@gmail.com
Date: 7th January,2020
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2.
Layout of the Topic
• Introduction
• IFLA- Programmes-UBC and UAP (Core)
• Meaning and Definitions of Bibliographic
Control and UAP
• History & Development of UBC and UAP
• Need and Importance of UBC and UAP
• Aims and Objectives of UBC and UAP
• UBC and UPA- Its Activities/Programmes
• Conclusion
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3.
International Federation of Library
Associations and Institution-IFLA
• IFLA was established in 1927 at Edinburgh,
Scotland. In 1971, the Head Quarter was
shifted at Netherland, the Hague.
• IFLA is a Non-Governmental, Not-For-Profit,
an International Organization.
• IFLA- provides, Information Specialists to the
World, with a forum for exchange Ideas, and
Promoting International Co-Operation,
Research, and also development in all fields of
library and its services
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4.
IFLA-Core Programmes: UBC and UPA
(1969-2003)
• Universal Bibliographic Control (UBC) and
Universal Availability of Publications (UAP).
Initiated in the 1970s by IFLA, Netherland,
• The programme played a key role in the
development of a universal Machine-Readable
Format ( MARC-I &II) for the exchange of
bibliographic information.
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IFLA-Core Programmes: UBC and UPA
(1970-2003)

5.
Universal Bibliographic Control-UBC
• Meaning and Definitions of Universal
Bibliographic Control
• History & Development of UBC
• Need of the UBC
• Tools for Universal Bibliographic
Control
• Aims and Objectives of UBC
• UBC Its Activities/Programmes
• Conclusion
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6.
UBC: Meaning of Bibliographic Control
• Bibliographic Control may be called as information
organization or bibliographic organization.
• It means, in simple, complete record of the existence
and location of all documents
• The identification, description, analysis, and classification
of books and other materials of communication so that
they may be effectively organized, stored, retrieved, and
used when needed
• Bibliographic control comprises, the creation, storage,
manipulation, and retrieval of bibliographic data.
Cataloguers produce the tools that are necessary for
bibliographic control to function.
• ----- Larry Osborne
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7.
History & Development of UBC
• 15th Century: List of Clay tablets & Papyrus: Birth of Catalogue
• 1565, First Bibliography: Bibliotheca Universalis : Konard Gesner
• 17th Century: Francis Bacon & John Milton: Encyclopedic Man. In 1565
• 1950: UNESCO & LA: Bibliographical Services
• Def.: The mastery over written and published records which is provided by and
for the purposes of bibliography.
• First Time used by: Dr. Luther Evans in Bulletin of
Bibliography , 1964.
• Library of Congress: used in academic syllabus as part-IV, Part, A: Bibliographic
Control and Services,1964
• Paul Otlet & Henri La Fontaine (Balgarian Lawers) : Universal Bibliography
• UBC: concept Name by Dr. Herman Liebaers (IFLA, President)
• Dorothy Anderson: International system for the exchange of bibliographical
Information & promote uniformity in Headings & Descriptions.1/7/2020 7

8.
Need of the Bibliographic Control
• Growth of Literature: 3-7% in 1981-
1994 & From 1994 To 2019: 2.3 Per
year (Scopus)
• Need to Identify the title of an Item
(Print or Non-Print)
• Sources needed to Identification and
verification the Item or location of
the Item Levels form Local to
International & Highly- Writing
Material output & Faster Publication
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9.
Tools of Bibliographic Control (4)
Bibliographic tools are used to compile more or less
comprehensive lists of the existing literature on a
Particular subject or a topic.
Bibliographic Control Tools: 4 Types:
• Bibliographies: Ex. INB
• Databases—Ex. LISA
• Catalogues : Ex. : Title, Author
• Indexes: Ex. Scopus, Google Scholar
MODERN TOOLS:
There are two electronic bibliographic Tools:
1. Static
2. Modular1/7/2020 9

10.
Usefulness of UBC
• Catalog codes such as the Anglo-American
Cataloguing Rules, 2nd edition,
• Sears List of Subject Headings - SLSH
• Classification Schemes-Dewey Decimal
Classification (DDC-23 ed. Web Edition)
• to make them more useful to classify
documents accurately by the Library
Professionals.
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11.
Aims and Objectives of UBC
• The Promotion of a worldwide
system for the control and
exchange of bibliographic
information.
• To make universally and
promptly available,
in a form which id
internationally acceptable,
basic bibliographic data on all
publications issued in all
countries.1/7/2020 11

12.
Essential and Need of Requirements for UBC
• Need a Authoritative Organisation-UNESCO and IFLA
• It is an International programme, and it Depends upon
on efficient National Bibliographic Agencies (NBA)
• NBA- Create the Authoritative Bibliographic Record
For Each New Publication issued in the country
• Publish those records with the shortest possible delay
as a National Bibliography
• Produce and Distribute the records in a standard
physical from..cards, machine readable form,
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13.
National Bibliographic Control-NBC
• This is a National Bibliographical description
“Item of the Literature” in physical form as the
Bibliographic record.
• It maintains the National Libraries
National Bibliography:
It is the National Bibliography, which, considered
the basic tool for promoting of bibliographic
records, and, establishing the early of the IFLA
International Office for UBC.
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14.
Dorothy, Anderson said that,
National Component of the UBC system should
normally be the national library receiving all types of
published documentary material by legal deposit and
hence, maintaing the national collection, and ; within
the national library the functions relating to
bibliographic control should be performed by an
organisational unit; the national bibliographic agency,
which will make the authoritative bibliographic record
for each item added to that collection and will carry
out all the functions associated with the production of
the record, that is, produce the National Bibliography.
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15.
Best Example: About IndCat: (India)
• The development of Union
Databases of various library
resources i.e. Books, Theses and
Serials have been one of the most
important activities of the Centre
since its inception.
• In the beginning, the Centre has
funded potential universities of the
country for creating bibliographic
records of their library collections.
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16.
Status of Bibliographic Records-7.1.2020
• Books: 9296347 (188-Universities)
• Serials: 35234 (425- Universities)
• Theses: 439019 (229- Universities)
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17.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS
• The basic purpose of UBC is to
promote bibliographic
information globally by
following some international
standards
• IFLA, UNESCO & ISO were
involved for maintaining some
of the “Standard settings” to
maintain standards.
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18.
The Description & Standards
• Paris Principles/Statement of Principles:
(Discussed at National & International
seminars on Cataloguing Codes , nearly-200),
ICP-1960 & ICCP-1961)
• The International Meeting of Cataloguing
Experts (ICME) held in 1999. It was in
Published ISBD-1971
• At present, all countries are following the
below Rules/Standards.
•
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19.
The International Standards
• ISBD0(G-General)
• ISBD-Monograph/s
• ISBD-Serials
• ISBD-CM-Cartographic Materials
• ISBD-NBM- Non- Book Materials
• ISBD-Antiquarian
• ISBD (PM)- Printed Music
ISBD-(CF) Computer Files
(MARC-21)
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20.
The data elements may be required in a ,
comprehensive record of a document
are grouped into;
• 1. Authorship-Heading
• 2. Description of the Item-
(in physical form)
• 3. The International Numbering
• 4. Subject Content
THE DATA ELEMENTS-4
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21.
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22.
AACR-II (1978)- Data Elements
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23.
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Machine Readable Bibliographic Records:
• The objective of UBC programme is to create
machine record as one automated system in
such a way that it can be immediately
available and usable in automated library
systems in all countries
• Hence, to accept uniformly, it is necessary to
have accepted standards for the machine
structure of the records and for labelling the
various elements that make up the
comprehensive contents of the record.
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25.
The Internationally Accepted Standards-
Regional, National, International
exchange formats
• ISO-2709
• UNIMARC
• UNISIST- 1981
• CCF-Common Catalogue Format
• UBC and International MARC programme (UBCIM)
• MARC-I (1971) (Henriette Avram developed
MARC in the 1960s)
• MARC-II- MARC 21, created in 1999
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26.
The International Standard Format-MARCXML-MARC-21
• XML schema based on the common MARC 21
standards. MARCXML was developed by the Library of
Congress. The MARCXML primary design goals
included:
• Simplicity of the schema
• Flexibility and extensibility
• Lossless and reversible conversion from MARC
• Data presentation through XML style sheets
• MARC records updates and data conversions through
XML transformations
• Existence of validation tools
•
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27.
UBC- International standards for
Bibliographic Information
SOUL (Software For University Libraries)- MARC-21 Format
( UGC- Inflibnet)
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28.
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29.
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30.
Universal Availability of Publications
(UAP)
ALL DOCUMENTS FOR ALL
• Introduction
• Meaning and Definitions UAP
• History & Development of UAP
• Aims and Objectives of UAP
• UAP Programmes-Publishing & Research
• UAP-New Programmes
• Conclusion
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31.
INTRODUCTION
• The Universal Availability of
publications (UAP) is the
second important
programme of IFLA.
• This programme is intended
to promote the
International inter-lending
of publications by increasing
their availability and
obtaining them speedily.
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32.
The UAP was originally,
conceived by the committee
on International-Lending
and Union Catalogues,
Maurice M.B. Line
Defined-Improved Access to
Bibliographical Information
On Publications must be
matched by improved
access to Publications.
Citation
s
6298 1005
h-index 34 16
i10-
index
131 23
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33.
Meaning & Definition of UAP
• Every published document, whenever and
wherever published should be available to
anyone who wants it and at the place where he
wants it-its presence in a reference collection far
from away from the user, is not enough.
• As said by.. Donald Urquhart, UBC is nouse, and
it was indeed frustrating to extend
bibliographical control and provide a faster,
more complete supply of references, if the
documents to which they referred to could not
be obtained.1/7/2020 33

34.
History and Development of UAP
(1973-2003)
• UAP, was orginated fro IFLAs meeting at
Grenoble in 1973.
• Developbed by Donald Urquhart, who was the
poineer and credit goes to him, because, he
innovated in the Post-war Librarianship.
• Due to non-availability of World Bibliographic
Information, he was stressed in the Western
Europe seminar on “ Library Inter-lending,
which was held in Banbury in 1973.
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35.
• In 1974, 40th IFLA Annual Conference
established the concept UAP, which was
proposed by Donald Urquhart.
• In 1976, Maurice Le Line, presented a paper
on Universal Availability of Publications at
World Wide seminar, Seoul.
• From 1981 onwards UAP activities started
regularly.
• IFLA is funding for this UAP Programme to its
International Office, Boston Spa, London.
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36.
Aims and Objectives of UAP
• To make available ALL THE PUBLICATIONS TO ALL
PEOPLE by increasing the availability and speed
of inter-lending services and by developing
simple and efficient procedures.
• The ultimate aim should be to ensure that all
individuals throughout the world are able to
obtain for personal use any publication
whenever or wherever published either in
origional or in copy , which means freedom of
Information at all levels from LOCAL TO THE
INTERNATIONAL.
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37.
REQUIREMENTS-
As mentioned by Stubbs, Stuart and Simpson
• Publishers in each country seek to match their
publishing and distribution programmes closely with
national and international requirements by soliciting
manuscripts and by selecting form un-soliciting
manuscripts.
• Effective trade channels br developed to ensure the
prompt availability of material to consumers.
• The libraries, documentation centres and achieves
develop effective policies and procedures for the
acquisition of material whether by purchase, gift or
exchange to serve present and future needs.
•1/7/2020 37

38.
UAP- Its Activities & Publications
PUBLICITY-The publicity is needed to draw
attention to the various problems of UAP
• Research: They must publish periodically the
latest developments in publishing.
PUBLICATIONS:
1. UAP- Maurice Line and Stephen Vickers (1983)
2. Journal and UAP news letter-1983 (Half
Yearly)
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39.
IFLA -New Programmes -1986
Objective: To promote among libraries the
electronic transfer of data across the boarders
for storage and processing by a computer.
New Programmes
• Universal Dataflow and Telecommunications
(UDI)
• Preservation and Conservation (PAC)
• UBC + UAP- UAI
(Universal Availability of INFORMATION
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40.
C O N C L U S IO N
• The IFLA`s contribution to the Digital
world is that the All The Bibliographic
Information is available to each and
everyone, i.e. GLOBAL CITIZEN at their
desk top/Palmtop at 24X7 Free-of-Cost,
through its NOVEL PROGRAMMES.. UBC
AND UAP
• It is remarkable contribution to the
Digital World with Digital Information
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41.
UBC- Status of Indian Scenario
• The National Library, Kolkatta (now at New
Delhi,2011)- Bibliography on Ontology (56 V)
• Indian National Bibliography (INB):National
Bibliography in Indian Literature (4V) , 60,000
Books)
• INSDOC: Indian Science Abstract-ISA),
Unatalogues of Periodicals in S & T, Russian
literature.
• AIU- Bibliography Indian Doctoral Theses(1857-
to till date)1/7/2020 41

42.
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43.
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44.
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IFLA-ITS COTRIBUTION
TO GLOBAL WITH CONTINUOUS PROGRAMMES

45.
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THANK
YOU
VERY
MUCH