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1. Version 1.0
CQL Arithmetic Operators
In Cassandra Lunch #99, Arpan Patel will discuss the CQL
Arithmetic Operators that are now supported in Cassandra 4.0!
Arpan Patel
Engineer @ Anant

2. Arithmetic Operators in Cassandra 4.0
● Cassandra supports five arithmetic
operators on numbers:
○ +
○ -
○ *
○ /
○ %
● Operators can be used in the SELECT
INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE
statements to perform some
computations
● Works on DataStax Astra as well

3. Return Types
● An important thing to take into account when using operators is the return type of the operation

4. Type Inference
● Cassandra will try to infer the type of the literals to
determine how the operation must be performed
● If the literal is an integer, C* will look at it and consider it as
an int, a bigint or a varint if the type can hold this value
● For floats, C* will consider them as either doubles or
decimals
● Now, in some cases, Cassandra knows the return type of the
expression and can use it to infer the type of the literals

5. Hints / Casting
● A type hint is a way to explicitly tell Cassandra what will be
the type of the parameter
● Type hints can also be used to control the type of a literal
● Can also cast into type of literal

6. Operator Precedence
● *, /, and % operators have a higher precedence level than +
and - operator
● If two operators in an expression have the same precedence
level, they will be evaluated left to right based on their
positions in the expression
● Parentheses can be used to modify the order in which the
operations must be performed within an expression
● Everything within parentheses will be evaluated first to yield
a single value before that value can be used by any operator
outside the parentheses

7. Operations on Timestamps and Dates
● Addition or subtraction of durations from timestamps and
dates is supported
● As UTC does not change with a change of seasons arithmetic
operations on timestamps and dates are safe and will always
return the expected results
● However, be aware that the Java libraries used internally by
Cassandra, ignore leap seconds.

8. Demo
● https://github.com/Anant/example-CQL-arithmetic-operators
● Spin up Cassandra on Docker
● Run through addition, subtraction, division, multiplication, and
arithmetic operator + aggregate function examples

9. Resources
● https://cassandra.apache.org/_/blog/Using-Arithmetic-Operators-in-
Cassandra-4.0.html
● https://cassandra.apache.org/doc/latest/cassandra/cql/operators.ht
ml
● https://medium.com/building-the-open-data-stack/arithmetic-
operators-in-apache-cassandra-4-0-c5a3185d683

10. Strategy: Scalable Fast Data
Architecture: Cassandra, Spark, Kafka
Engineering: Node, Python, JVM,CLR
Operations: Cloud, Container
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