TOP 10 PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES
Presented by JONAS CRUZ

List of Top 10 Languages
1. JAVA
2. JAVA SCRIPT
3. PYTHON
4. PHP
5. C++
6. C#
7. TYPESCRIPT
8. LINUX SHELL
9. C
10. SQL

1. JAVA
1.1 What is JAVA?
Java is a widely used programming language expressly designed for use in the distributed environment of the internet.
It is the most popular programming language for Android smartphone applications and is also among the most favored
for the development of edge devices and the internet of things.
1.2 Advantages of JAVA
• Programs created in Java offer portability in a network.
• Java is object-oriented.
• The code is robust.
• Data is secure.
• Applets offer flexibility.

1.3 Disadvantages of JAVA
• Memory management in java is quite expensive
• The absence of templates can limit you to create high quality data structures.
1.4 Application of JAVA
JAVA is mostly used for developing
• Android apps,
• Web apps and
• Big data.

2. JAVA SCRIPT
2.1 what is JAVASCRIPT?
JAVASCRIPT is a text based programming language used both on the client side and the server side that allows you to
make web pages interactive. Javascript improves the user experience of the web page by converting it from a static page
to an interactive one.
Alongside HTML and CSS, Javascript is one of the core technologies of world wide web. Javascript enables interactive
web pages and is an essential part of web application. The vast majority of websites use it and major web browsers have
a dedicated Javascript engine to execute it.

2.2 Advantages of JAVASCRIPT
• Client-side JavaScript is very fast as it can be run quickly in the client-side browser
• JavaScript is relatively simple to learn.
• It can work smoothly with other languages and can be used in a huge variety of applications.
• Grease monkey support to write snippets of JavaScript which can execute on specific web pages
2.3 Disadvantages of JAVASCRIPT
• JavaScript only allows single inheritance, so multiple inheritances are not possible
• No copy or equal method is available in JavaScript.
• JavaScript interpreted differently by different browsers.
2.4 Applications of JAVA
JavaScript usage include web/mobile app development, game development, and desktop app development.

3 PYTHON
3.1 What is PYTHON programming language?
Python is an interpreted, object-oriented, high-level programming language with dynamic semantics. Its high-level built
in data structures, combined with dynamic typing and dynamic binding, make it very attractive for Rapid Application
Development, as well as for use as a scripting or glue language to connect existing components together. Python's
simple, easy to learn syntax emphasizes readability and therefore reduces the cost of program maintenance. Python
supports modules and packages, which encourages program modularity and code reuse.
3.1 Advantages of PYTHON
• Supports multiple systems and platforms
• Object-Oriented Programming (OOPs) driven.
• Helps to improve Programmer's Productivity
• Allows you to scale even the most complex applications with ease
• Extensive Support Libraries

Disadvantages of PYTHON
• Note ideal for Mobile Computing
• Python's database access layer is bit underdeveloped and primitive.
Application of PYTHON
• Web and Internet Development,
• Scientific and Numeric applications,
• Desktop GUIs,
• Business applications.
• It is widely used in AI and Machine Learning space.

4 PHP
4.1 What is PHP programming language?
PHP is a server side scripting language. that is used to develop Static websites or Dynamic websites or Web
applications. PHP stands for Hypertext Pre-processor, that earlier stood for Personal Home Pages. PHP scripts can only
be interpreted on a server that has PHP installed.
4.2 Advantages of PHP
• Running with PHP is simple
• Functional and Object-Oriented Programming
• Large Open Source Software Community
• A reasonably good system of automation tools available for testing and deploying

4.3 Disadvantages of PHP
• Error handling facility is poor as PHP lacks debugging tool
• PHP is not secure as it is one of the open source languages
• Developing a website with PHP Web Development is slower than other programming languages.
4.4 Applications of PHP
• Web Applications,
• Content Management Systems,
• eCommerce Applications.

5 C++
5.1 What is C++ programming language?
C++ is a general-purpose object-oriented programming (OOP) language, developed by Bjarne Stroustrup, and is an
extension of the C language. It is therefore possible to code C++ in a "C style" or "object-oriented style." In certain
scenarios, it can be coded in either way and is thus an effective example of a hybrid language.
5.2 Advantages of C++
• It is a popular language, and thus, there are many compilers and libraries
• Other programming languages like C, C#, and Java have very similar syntax to C++, make it easy to learn for
everyone who knows C++.
• No garbage collector is running in the background.

5.3 Disadvantages of C++
• The syntax is complex, and the standard library is small, making this language very difficult to learn for the beginner
programmer.
• C++ program can't support garbage collection or Dynamic Memory Allocation
• The object orientation system in C++ is unnecessarily basic compared to other languages.
5.4 Applications of C++
• Game Development,
• Advance Computations, and
• Graphics Compilers

6 C#
6.1 What is C# programming language?
C# is a general-purpose, modern and object-oriented programming language pronounced as “C Sharp”. It was developed
by Microsoft led by Anders Hejlsberg and his team within the .NET initiative and was approved by the European
Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA) and International Standards Organization (ISO). C# is among the
languages for Common Language Infrastructure. C# is a lot similar to Java syntactically and is easy for users who have
knowledge of C, C++ or Java.
6.2 Advantages of c#
• C# uses almost similar syntax which follows by C so it easy to understand for those who know C language
• Easy Integration with Windows
• Fully integrated with the .NET library which provides access to a repository of functionality and support.
• Safer than its namesakes (C/++) as pointer types are not permitted

6.3 Disadvantages of C#
• It allows pointers in 'unsafe' blocks
6.4 Applications of C#
• Enterprise Cross-Applications Development,
• Web Applications

7 TYPE SCRIPT
7.1 What is TypeScript programming language?
TypeScript is a strongly typed, object oriented, compiled language. It was designed by Anders Hejlsberg (designer of
C#) at Microsoft. TypeScript is both a language and a set of tools. TypeScript is a typed superset of JavaScript compiled
to JavaScript. In other words, TypeScript is JavaScript plus some additional features.
7.2 Advantages of TypeScript?
• TypeScript supports other JS libraries
• TypeScript is portable
• Strong Static Typing
• Compilation
• TypeScript supports Object Oriented Programming concepts like classes, interfaces, inheritance, etc

7.3 Disadvantages of TypeScript
• Needs Development Tooling
• Cannot Easily be Edited by Content Management Systems (CMS).
7.4 Applications of Typescript
• TypeScript simplifies JavaScript code, making it easier to read and debug.
• TypeScript supports definition files that can contain type information of existing JavaScript libraries

8 Linux Shell
8.1 What is Linux Shell/Shell Script?
A shell script is a computer program designed to be run by the Unix shell, a command line interpreter. The various
dialects of shell scripts are considered to be scripting languages. Typical operations performed by shell scripts include
file manipulation, program execution, and printing text. A script which sets up the environment, runs the program, and
does any necessary cleanup, logging, etc. is called a wrapper.
8.2 Advantages of Linux Shell
• The command and syntax are exactly the same as those directly entered in command line, so programmer do not
need to switch to entirely different syntax
• Writing shell scripts are much quicker
• Quick start
• Interactive debugging etc.

8.3 Disadvantages of Linux Shell
• Prone to costly errors, a single mistake can change the command which might be harmful
• Slow execution speed
• Design flaws within the language syntax or implementation
• Not well suited for large and complex task
• Provide minimal data structure unlike other scripting languages. Etc
8.4 Applications of Linux Shell
• Shell script takes input from the user, file and displays it on the screen.
• Shell scripting is very useful in creating your own commands.
• It is helpful in automating some tasks of the day to day life. It is useful for automating system administration tasks.

9 C
9.1 What is C programming language?
C is a general-purpose programming language that is extremely popular, simple and flexible. It is machine-independent,
structured programming language which is used extensively in various applications.
C was the basics language to write everything from operating systems (Windows and many others) to complex
programs like the Oracle database, Git, Python interpreter and more.
9.2 Advantages of C
• Building block for many other programming languages
• Powerful and efficient language
• Portable language
• Built-in functions
• Structured programming language
• Implementation of algorithms and data structures

9.3 Disadvantages of C
• Concept of OOPs
• Run-time checking
• Concept of namespace
• Lack of Exception Handling
• Low level of abstraction
9.4 Applications of C
• 'C' language is widely used in embedded systems.
• It is used for developing system applications.
• It is widely used for developing desktop applications.
• Most of the applications by Adobe are developed using 'C' programming language.
• It is used for developing browsers and their extensions. Google's Chromium is built using 'C' programming
language.

10 SQL
10.1 What is SQL programming language?
Structured Query Language (SQL) is a standard computer language for relational database management and data
manipulation. SQL is used to query, insert, update and modify data. Most relational databases support SQL, which is an
added benefit for database administrators (DBAs), as they are often required to support databases across several
different platforms.
10.2 Advantages of SQL
• No coding needed
• Well defined standards
• Portability
• Interactive Language
• Multiple data views

10.3 Disadvantages of SQL
• Difficult Interface
• Partial Control
• Implementation
• Cost
10.4 Applications of SQL
• Data Integration Scripts
• Analytical Queries
• Retrieve Information
• Other Important Applications