Chapter 2 – Logic
General Mathematics

At the end of the period, students should be able to:
define logic;
illustrate the history and development of logic;
illustrate and symbolize propositions; and
distinguish simple and compound propositions.

The students will have a debate
about the extrajudicial killing in our
country. Each round, the students will
be given 30 seconds to answer. There
will be 5 rounds.

It is the science of study of how to
evaluate arguments and reasoning.
Logical reasoning is used on Mathematics
to prove theorems.
Mathematical logic includes the study of
the deductive formal proofs system.

Aristotle (382-322 B.C.): regarded as the
Father of Logic.
The study of how to critically think about
propositions or statements.
A proposition is a declarative statement which
is either True or False.

p: The sun is red.
q: What is temperature today?
r: He is good in Mathematics.
s: Can you do me a favor, please?

Proposition or Not?
The sun is red.
The moon is blue.
The sun is red or the moon is blue.
Compound Proposition
It is a proposition composed of two or more simple
propositions connected by logical connectives, “and,” “or,” “if
then,” “not,” “if and only if,” and exclusive-or.”

1. and ^
2. or v
3. not ¬
4. implies →
5. if and only if ↔

a: The sky is blue.
b: The trees are green.
a ^ b
a v b
¬ a
¬ b
a→b
b→a
a↔b

Answer Supplementary Exercises 9.1 page 240
by determining if the statement is a
proposition or not for 5 minutes.

Answer Unit Exercises 9.1 page 257 by
determining if the statement is a proposition or
not

Identify the following propositions if it is true or
false.
1. Microsoft is party-owed by Bill Gates.
2. COBOL is a programming language.
3. Pentium III is a processor.
4. Indonesia is the largest archipelago.