ANATOMY-I
Dr. Naveed Khalid

Axilla

Axilla (Armpit)
• Is a pyramid-shaped space between the upper
thoracic wall and the arm
• Axilla

• The overall 3D shape of the axilla looks slightly like a pyramid. It
consists of four sides, an open apex and base:
• Apex – also known as the axillary inlet, it is formed by lateral
border of the first rib, superior border of scapula, and the posterior
border of the clavicle.

• Lateral wall – formed by intertubercular groove of
the humerus.
• Medial wall – consists of the serratus anterior and the thoracic
wall (ribs and intercostal muscles).
• Anterior wall – contains the pectoralis major and the
underlying pectoralis minor and the subclavius muscles.
• Posterior wall – formed by the subscapularis, teres major and
latissimus dorsi.

contents
• Brachial plexus
• Axillary artery
• Axillary Vein
• Axillary Lymph nodes
• Axillary tail (tail of Spence) is a superolateral extension of the mammary
gland

Cuboital Fossa

Cubital fossa
• V-shaped interval on the anterior aspect of the
elbow

boundaries
• Laterally
– Brachioradialis muscle
• Medially
– Pronator teres muscle
• Superiorly
– An imaginary horizontal line connecting the epicondyles
of the humerus
• Floor
– Brachialis muscle
– Supinator muscle

contents
• Lateral to Medial
– Radial nerve
– Biceps tendon
– Brachial artery
– Median nerve
• Mnemonic: Rafay Beats Bad Men

Carpal tunnel
Narrow passageway surrounded y bones and ligaments on the palm side of hand.

boundaries
• Anteriorly
– Flexor retinaculum (Transverse Carpal Ligament)
• Posteriorly
– Carpal bones

contents
• Median nerve
• Flexor pollicis longus Tendons
• Flexor digitorum profundus Tendons
• Flexor digitorum superficialis Tendons

Muscle
s

Deltoid

COMPARTMENTS OF ARM
The upper arm is divided into an
• Anterior fascial compartment
• Posterior fascial compartment
• Each having its muscles, nerves, and arteries

MUSCLES OF THE ANTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT

CORACHOBRACHILIS

CORACHOBRACHILIS

BRACHIALIS

Brachialis

CONTENTS OF THE POSTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT
OF UPPER ARM
• Muscle: The three heads of the triceps muscle
• Nerve supply: Radial nerve
• Blood supply: Profunda brachii and ulnar collateral arteries
• Structures passing through the compartment: Radial nerve and
ulnar nerve

Triceps Brachii

MUSCLE OF THE POSTERIOR FASCIAL COMPARTMENT