This document discusses the early development of Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) during two foundational periods. In the Foundation Stage, fiqh consisted of the laws from the Quran and hadith, and focused on human reformation. The Prophet guided companions in deriving rulings through ijtihad. In the Establishment Stage, the Righteous Caliphs relied on ijma (consensus) and ijtihad to address new issues, establishing procedures that became the basis for legislation. They prioritized sources from the Quran, hadith and consensus in resolving issues. This period promoted unity with caliphal oversight in disputes.
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