SlideShare uma empresa Scribd logo
1 de 23
Software 
Process Models
Outline 
• Generic process framework 
• Waterfall model 
• Incremental model 
• Prototyping model 
• Spiral model 
• Summary
3 
Generic Process Framework 
• Communication 
– Involves communication among the customer and 
other stake holders; encompasses requirements 
gathering 
• Planning 
– Establishes a plan for software engineering work; 
addresses technical tasks, resources, work products, 
and work schedule 
• Modelling (Analyse, Design) 
– Encompasses the creation of models to better under 
the requirements and the design
• Construction (Code, Test) 
– Combines code generation and testing to uncover 
errors 
• Deployment 
– Involves delivery of software to the customer for 
evaluation and feedback
5 
Modelling: Software 
Requirements Analysis 
• Helps software engineers to better understand the 
problem they will work to solve 
• Encompasses the set of tasks that lead to an 
understanding of what the business impact of the 
software will be, what the customer wants, and how 
end-users will interact with the software 
• Uses a combination of text and diagrams to depict 
requirements for data, function, and behavior 
– Provides a relatively easy way to understand and review 
requirements for correctness, completeness and 
consistency
6 
Modelling: Software Design 
• Brings together customer requirements, business needs, 
and technical considerations to form the “blueprint” for 
a product 
• Creates a model that provides detail about software 
data structures, software architecture, interfaces, and 
components that are necessary to implement the 
system 
• Architectural design 
– Represents the structure of data and program components 
that are required to build the software 
– Considers the architectural style, the structure and properties 
of components that constitute the system, and 
interrelationships that occur among all architectural 
components
• User Interface Design 
– Creates an effective communication medium 
between a human and a computer 
– Identifies interface objects and actions and then 
creates a screen layout that forms the basis for a 
user interface prototype 
• Component-level Design 
– Defines the data structures, algorithms, interface 
characteristics, and communication mechanisms 
allocated to each software component
Traditional Process Models
9 
Process Model 
• Defines a distinct set of activities, actions, 
tasks, milestones, and work products that 
are required to engineer high-quality 
software 
• The activities may be linear, incremental, or 
evolutionary
10 
Waterfall Model 
(Diagram) 
Communication 
Project initiation 
Requirements 
gathering 
Planning 
Estimating 
Scheduling 
Tracking Modeling 
Analysis 
Design Construction 
Code 
Test Deployment 
Delivery 
Support 
Feedback
11 
Waterfall Model 
(Description) 
• Oldest software lifecycle model 
• Used when requirements are well understood and risk 
is low 
• Work flow is in a linear (i.e., sequential) fashion 
• Used often with well-defined adaptations or 
enhancements to current software
12 
Waterfall Model 
(Problems) 
• Doesn't support iteration, so changes can cause 
confusion 
• Difficult for customers to state all requirements 
explicitly and up front 
• Requires customer patience because a working 
version of the program doesn't occur until the final 
phase 
• Problems can be somewhat alleviated in the model 
through the addition of feedback loops (see the next 
slide)
13 
Waterfall Model with Feedback 
(Diagram) 
Communication 
Project initiation 
Requirements 
gathering 
Planning 
Estimating 
Scheduling 
Tracking Modeling 
Analysis 
Design Construction 
Code 
Test Deployment 
Delivery 
Support 
Feedback
14 
Incremental Model 
(Diagram) 
Increment #1 
Communication 
Increment #2 
Increment #3 
Planning 
Modeling 
Construction 
Deployment 
Communication 
Planning 
Modeling 
Construction 
Deployment 
Communication 
Planning 
Modeling 
Construction 
Deploy………
15 
Incremental Model 
(Description) 
• Used when requirements are well understood 
• Multiple independent deliveries are identified 
• Work flow is in a linear (i.e., sequential) fashion within 
an increment and is staggered between increments 
• Iterative in nature; focuses on an operational product 
with each increment 
• Provides a needed set of functionality sooner while 
delivering optional components later 
• Useful also when staffing is too short for a full-scale 
development
16 
Prototyping Model 
(Diagram) 
Communication 
Quick 
Planning 
Modeling 
Quick Design 
Construction 
Of Prototype 
Deployment, 
Delivery, 
and Feedback 
Start
17 
Prototyping Model 
(Description) 
• Follows an evolutionary and iterative approach 
• Used when requirements are not well understood 
• Serves as a mechanism for identifying software 
requirements 
• Focuses on those aspects of the software that are 
visible to the customer/user 
• Feedback is used to refine the prototype
18 
Prototyping Model 
(Potential Problems) 
• The customer sees a "working version" of the 
software, wants to stop all development and then buy 
the prototype after a "few fixes" are made 
• Developers often make implementation compromises 
to get the software running quickly (e.g., language 
choice, user interface, operating system choice, 
inefficient algorithms) 
• Lesson learned 
– Define the rules up front on the final disposition of the 
prototype before it is built 
– In most circumstances, plan to discard the prototype and 
engineer the actual production software with a goal toward 
quality
19 
Spiral Model 
(Diagram) 
Communication 
Start 
Start 
Planning 
Modeling 
Deployment Construction
20 
Spiral Model 
(Description) 
• Follows an evolutionary approach 
• Used when requirements are not well understood and 
risks are high 
• Inner spirals focus on identifying software requirements 
and project risks; may also incorporate prototyping 
• Outer spirals take on a classical waterfall approach after 
requirements have been defined, but permit iterative 
growth of the software
• Operates as a risk-driven model…a go/no-go 
decision occurs after each complete spiral in 
order to react to risk determinations 
• Requires considerable expertise in risk 
assessment 
• Serves as a realistic model for large-scale 
software development
22 
General Weaknesses of 
Evolutionary Process Models 
1) Prototyping poses a problem to project planning 
because of the uncertain number of iterations 
required to construct the product 
2) Evolutionary software processes do not establish 
the maximum speed of the evolution 
• If too fast, the process will fall into chaos 
• If too slow, productivity could be affected
3) Software processes should focus first on flexibility 
and extensibility, and second on high quality 
• We should prioritize the speed of the development over 
zero defects 
• Extending the development in order to reach higher 
quality could result in late delivery

Mais conteúdo relacionado

Mais procurados

REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING
REQUIREMENT ENGINEERINGREQUIREMENT ENGINEERING
REQUIREMENT ENGINEERINGSaqib Raza
 
Waterfall model ppt final
Waterfall model ppt  finalWaterfall model ppt  final
Waterfall model ppt finalshiva krishna
 
Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9
Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9
Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9koolkampus
 
Introduction to Software Engineering
Introduction to Software EngineeringIntroduction to Software Engineering
Introduction to Software EngineeringSaqib Raza
 
Software Configuration Management (SCM)
Software Configuration Management (SCM)Software Configuration Management (SCM)
Software Configuration Management (SCM)Er. Shiva K. Shrestha
 
Software project estimation
Software project estimationSoftware project estimation
Software project estimationinayat khan
 
Analysis modeling & scenario based modeling
Analysis modeling &  scenario based modeling Analysis modeling &  scenario based modeling
Analysis modeling & scenario based modeling Benazir Fathima
 
Software Development Life Cycle
Software Development Life CycleSoftware Development Life Cycle
Software Development Life CycleSlideshare
 
Software Engineering (Project Planning & Estimation)
Software Engineering (Project Planning &  Estimation)Software Engineering (Project Planning &  Estimation)
Software Engineering (Project Planning & Estimation)ShudipPal
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process ModelsHassan A-j
 
Software architecture design ppt
Software architecture design pptSoftware architecture design ppt
Software architecture design pptfarazimlak
 
Software Engineering Process Models
Software Engineering Process Models Software Engineering Process Models
Software Engineering Process Models Satya P. Joshi
 
Unit 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering.ppt
Unit 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering.pptUnit 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering.ppt
Unit 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering.pptDrTThendralCompSci
 
Context model
Context modelContext model
Context modelUbaid423
 
Incremental model
Incremental modelIncremental model
Incremental modelHpibmx
 

Mais procurados (20)

REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING
REQUIREMENT ENGINEERINGREQUIREMENT ENGINEERING
REQUIREMENT ENGINEERING
 
Waterfall model ppt final
Waterfall model ppt  finalWaterfall model ppt  final
Waterfall model ppt final
 
Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9
Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9
Formal Specification in Software Engineering SE9
 
Introduction to Software Engineering
Introduction to Software EngineeringIntroduction to Software Engineering
Introduction to Software Engineering
 
Software Configuration Management (SCM)
Software Configuration Management (SCM)Software Configuration Management (SCM)
Software Configuration Management (SCM)
 
Software project estimation
Software project estimationSoftware project estimation
Software project estimation
 
Analysis modeling & scenario based modeling
Analysis modeling &  scenario based modeling Analysis modeling &  scenario based modeling
Analysis modeling & scenario based modeling
 
RMMM Plan
RMMM PlanRMMM Plan
RMMM Plan
 
Software Development Life Cycle
Software Development Life CycleSoftware Development Life Cycle
Software Development Life Cycle
 
Software Engineering (Project Planning & Estimation)
Software Engineering (Project Planning &  Estimation)Software Engineering (Project Planning &  Estimation)
Software Engineering (Project Planning & Estimation)
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process Models
 
Software architecture design ppt
Software architecture design pptSoftware architecture design ppt
Software architecture design ppt
 
Software Engineering
Software EngineeringSoftware Engineering
Software Engineering
 
software engineering
software engineeringsoftware engineering
software engineering
 
Software Engineering Process Models
Software Engineering Process Models Software Engineering Process Models
Software Engineering Process Models
 
Unit 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering.ppt
Unit 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering.pptUnit 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering.ppt
Unit 1 - Introduction to Software Engineering.ppt
 
Requirement Engineering
Requirement EngineeringRequirement Engineering
Requirement Engineering
 
Context model
Context modelContext model
Context model
 
Incremental model
Incremental modelIncremental model
Incremental model
 
Software Engineering Practice
Software Engineering PracticeSoftware Engineering Practice
Software Engineering Practice
 

Destaque

Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelsPressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelszeal123123
 
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelsPressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelssaurabhshertukde
 
Lecture 3 software process model
Lecture 3   software process modelLecture 3   software process model
Lecture 3 software process modelIIUI
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process ModelsAhmed Alageed
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process ModelsAtul Karmyal
 
Software Engineering - Ch4
Software Engineering - Ch4Software Engineering - Ch4
Software Engineering - Ch4Siddharth Ayer
 
Generic Software Process Models
Generic Software Process ModelsGeneric Software Process Models
Generic Software Process ModelsEducation Front
 
SRS on Online Blood Bank Managment system...
SRS on Online Blood Bank Managment system... SRS on Online Blood Bank Managment system...
SRS on Online Blood Bank Managment system... GCWUF
 
software engineering
software engineeringsoftware engineering
software engineeringramyavarkala
 
Choosing right agile methodology for your project
Choosing right agile methodology for your projectChoosing right agile methodology for your project
Choosing right agile methodology for your projectPrabhat Sinha
 
Concurrent Modeling in the Early Phases of the Software Development Life Cycle
Concurrent Modeling in the Early Phases of the Software Development Life CycleConcurrent Modeling in the Early Phases of the Software Development Life Cycle
Concurrent Modeling in the Early Phases of the Software Development Life CycleKonrad Wieland
 
WW1 fighting and equipment (KS3)
WW1 fighting and equipment (KS3)WW1 fighting and equipment (KS3)
WW1 fighting and equipment (KS3)pmclay
 
Rational unified process (rup)
Rational unified process (rup)Rational unified process (rup)
Rational unified process (rup)kdore
 

Destaque (20)

Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelsPressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process Models
 
Process models
Process modelsProcess models
Process models
 
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelsPressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
 
Lecture 3 software process model
Lecture 3   software process modelLecture 3   software process model
Lecture 3 software process model
 
Slides chapters 6-7
Slides chapters 6-7Slides chapters 6-7
Slides chapters 6-7
 
Slides chapter 3
Slides chapter 3Slides chapter 3
Slides chapter 3
 
Slides chapter 2
Slides chapter 2Slides chapter 2
Slides chapter 2
 
Slides chapter 1
Slides chapter 1Slides chapter 1
Slides chapter 1
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process Models
 
Software Process Models
Software Process ModelsSoftware Process Models
Software Process Models
 
Software Engineering - Ch4
Software Engineering - Ch4Software Engineering - Ch4
Software Engineering - Ch4
 
Generic Software Process Models
Generic Software Process ModelsGeneric Software Process Models
Generic Software Process Models
 
Unit1
Unit1Unit1
Unit1
 
SRS on Online Blood Bank Managment system...
SRS on Online Blood Bank Managment system... SRS on Online Blood Bank Managment system...
SRS on Online Blood Bank Managment system...
 
software engineering
software engineeringsoftware engineering
software engineering
 
Choosing right agile methodology for your project
Choosing right agile methodology for your projectChoosing right agile methodology for your project
Choosing right agile methodology for your project
 
Concurrent Modeling in the Early Phases of the Software Development Life Cycle
Concurrent Modeling in the Early Phases of the Software Development Life CycleConcurrent Modeling in the Early Phases of the Software Development Life Cycle
Concurrent Modeling in the Early Phases of the Software Development Life Cycle
 
WW1 fighting and equipment (KS3)
WW1 fighting and equipment (KS3)WW1 fighting and equipment (KS3)
WW1 fighting and equipment (KS3)
 
Rational unified process (rup)
Rational unified process (rup)Rational unified process (rup)
Rational unified process (rup)
 

Semelhante a Traditional Process Models

Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelsPressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelsNoor Ul Hudda Memon
 
Lecture #02 ECS-511.pptx
Lecture #02 ECS-511.pptxLecture #02 ECS-511.pptx
Lecture #02 ECS-511.pptxAbuBakkarShayan
 
SE_Unit 2.pdf it is a process model of it student
SE_Unit 2.pdf it is a process model of it studentSE_Unit 2.pdf it is a process model of it student
SE_Unit 2.pdf it is a process model of it studentRAVALCHIRAG1
 
process models- software engineering
process models- software engineeringprocess models- software engineering
process models- software engineeringArun Nair
 
SDLC and Software Process Models Introduction ppt
SDLC and Software Process Models Introduction pptSDLC and Software Process Models Introduction ppt
SDLC and Software Process Models Introduction pptSushDeshmukh
 
Software engineering lecture notes
Software engineering lecture notesSoftware engineering lecture notes
Software engineering lecture notesSiva Ayyakutti
 
Fundamentals of Software Engineering
Fundamentals of Software Engineering Fundamentals of Software Engineering
Fundamentals of Software Engineering Madhar Khan Pathan
 
chapter12 - Software engineering.pdf
chapter12 - Software engineering.pdfchapter12 - Software engineering.pdf
chapter12 - Software engineering.pdfsatonaka3
 
Software process Models
Software process ModelsSoftware process Models
Software process ModelsSADEED AMEEN
 
Software engineering jwfiles 3
Software engineering jwfiles 3Software engineering jwfiles 3
Software engineering jwfiles 3Azhar Shaik
 
Oose unit 4 ppt
Oose unit 4 pptOose unit 4 ppt
Oose unit 4 pptDr VISU P
 
Software Engineering (Process Models)
Software Engineering (Process Models)Software Engineering (Process Models)
Software Engineering (Process Models)ShudipPal
 
PRESCRIPTIVE PROCESS MODEL(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)
PRESCRIPTIVE PROCESS MODEL(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)PRESCRIPTIVE PROCESS MODEL(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)
PRESCRIPTIVE PROCESS MODEL(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)IrtazaAfzal3
 
OOSE Unit 4 PPT.ppt
OOSE Unit 4 PPT.pptOOSE Unit 4 PPT.ppt
OOSE Unit 4 PPT.pptitadmin33
 
Soft engg introduction and process models
Soft engg introduction and process modelsSoft engg introduction and process models
Soft engg introduction and process modelssnehalkulkarni74
 
Lect-4: Software Development Life Cycle Model - SPM
Lect-4: Software Development Life Cycle Model - SPMLect-4: Software Development Life Cycle Model - SPM
Lect-4: Software Development Life Cycle Model - SPMMubashir Ali
 
Lecture 1 - Requirement Engineering.pptx
Lecture 1 - Requirement Engineering.pptxLecture 1 - Requirement Engineering.pptx
Lecture 1 - Requirement Engineering.pptxAbdulRaheem254960
 

Semelhante a Traditional Process Models (20)

Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-modelsPressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
Pressman ch-3-prescriptive-process-models
 
Lecture #02 ECS-511.pptx
Lecture #02 ECS-511.pptxLecture #02 ECS-511.pptx
Lecture #02 ECS-511.pptx
 
Waterfall model
Waterfall modelWaterfall model
Waterfall model
 
SE_Unit 2.pdf it is a process model of it student
SE_Unit 2.pdf it is a process model of it studentSE_Unit 2.pdf it is a process model of it student
SE_Unit 2.pdf it is a process model of it student
 
process models- software engineering
process models- software engineeringprocess models- software engineering
process models- software engineering
 
ppt2.pptx
ppt2.pptxppt2.pptx
ppt2.pptx
 
SDLC and Software Process Models Introduction ppt
SDLC and Software Process Models Introduction pptSDLC and Software Process Models Introduction ppt
SDLC and Software Process Models Introduction ppt
 
DITEC - Software Engineering
DITEC - Software EngineeringDITEC - Software Engineering
DITEC - Software Engineering
 
Software engineering lecture notes
Software engineering lecture notesSoftware engineering lecture notes
Software engineering lecture notes
 
Fundamentals of Software Engineering
Fundamentals of Software Engineering Fundamentals of Software Engineering
Fundamentals of Software Engineering
 
chapter12 - Software engineering.pdf
chapter12 - Software engineering.pdfchapter12 - Software engineering.pdf
chapter12 - Software engineering.pdf
 
Software process Models
Software process ModelsSoftware process Models
Software process Models
 
Software engineering jwfiles 3
Software engineering jwfiles 3Software engineering jwfiles 3
Software engineering jwfiles 3
 
Oose unit 4 ppt
Oose unit 4 pptOose unit 4 ppt
Oose unit 4 ppt
 
Software Engineering (Process Models)
Software Engineering (Process Models)Software Engineering (Process Models)
Software Engineering (Process Models)
 
PRESCRIPTIVE PROCESS MODEL(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)
PRESCRIPTIVE PROCESS MODEL(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)PRESCRIPTIVE PROCESS MODEL(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)
PRESCRIPTIVE PROCESS MODEL(SOFTWARE ENGINEERING)
 
OOSE Unit 4 PPT.ppt
OOSE Unit 4 PPT.pptOOSE Unit 4 PPT.ppt
OOSE Unit 4 PPT.ppt
 
Soft engg introduction and process models
Soft engg introduction and process modelsSoft engg introduction and process models
Soft engg introduction and process models
 
Lect-4: Software Development Life Cycle Model - SPM
Lect-4: Software Development Life Cycle Model - SPMLect-4: Software Development Life Cycle Model - SPM
Lect-4: Software Development Life Cycle Model - SPM
 
Lecture 1 - Requirement Engineering.pptx
Lecture 1 - Requirement Engineering.pptxLecture 1 - Requirement Engineering.pptx
Lecture 1 - Requirement Engineering.pptx
 

Mais de Ahsan Rahim

What is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission Media
What is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission MediaWhat is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission Media
What is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission MediaAhsan Rahim
 
Software Project Management | An Overview of the Software Project Management
Software Project Management | An Overview of the Software Project ManagementSoftware Project Management | An Overview of the Software Project Management
Software Project Management | An Overview of the Software Project ManagementAhsan Rahim
 
What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)Ahsan Rahim
 
Basics of the Computer System
Basics of the Computer SystemBasics of the Computer System
Basics of the Computer SystemAhsan Rahim
 
What kinds of languages can agents use to communicate?
What kinds of languages can agents use to communicate?What kinds of languages can agents use to communicate?
What kinds of languages can agents use to communicate?Ahsan Rahim
 
Multiagent System Communication
Multiagent System Communication Multiagent System Communication
Multiagent System Communication Ahsan Rahim
 
Wireless communication or Unguided Transmission Media
Wireless communication or Unguided Transmission MediaWireless communication or Unguided Transmission Media
Wireless communication or Unguided Transmission MediaAhsan Rahim
 
Network Topologies
Network TopologiesNetwork Topologies
Network TopologiesAhsan Rahim
 
Processes description and process control.
Processes description and process control.Processes description and process control.
Processes description and process control.Ahsan Rahim
 
Agile Development | Agile Process Models
Agile Development | Agile Process ModelsAgile Development | Agile Process Models
Agile Development | Agile Process ModelsAhsan Rahim
 

Mais de Ahsan Rahim (10)

What is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission Media
What is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission MediaWhat is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission Media
What is Wireless Communication or Unguided Transmission Media
 
Software Project Management | An Overview of the Software Project Management
Software Project Management | An Overview of the Software Project ManagementSoftware Project Management | An Overview of the Software Project Management
Software Project Management | An Overview of the Software Project Management
 
What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
What is HTML - An Introduction to HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
 
Basics of the Computer System
Basics of the Computer SystemBasics of the Computer System
Basics of the Computer System
 
What kinds of languages can agents use to communicate?
What kinds of languages can agents use to communicate?What kinds of languages can agents use to communicate?
What kinds of languages can agents use to communicate?
 
Multiagent System Communication
Multiagent System Communication Multiagent System Communication
Multiagent System Communication
 
Wireless communication or Unguided Transmission Media
Wireless communication or Unguided Transmission MediaWireless communication or Unguided Transmission Media
Wireless communication or Unguided Transmission Media
 
Network Topologies
Network TopologiesNetwork Topologies
Network Topologies
 
Processes description and process control.
Processes description and process control.Processes description and process control.
Processes description and process control.
 
Agile Development | Agile Process Models
Agile Development | Agile Process ModelsAgile Development | Agile Process Models
Agile Development | Agile Process Models
 

Último

Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashaWork Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashasashalaycock03
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapitolTechU
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17Celine George
 
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using CodeHow to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using CodeCeline George
 
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptxmary850239
 
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...Dr. Asif Anas
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17Celine George
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxheathfieldcps1
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICESayali Powar
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?TechSoup
 
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSyedNadeemGillANi
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...CaraSkikne1
 
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfHED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfMohonDas
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRATanmoy Mishra
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17Celine George
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptxSandy Millin
 

Último (20)

March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic SupportMarch 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
March 2024 Directors Meeting, Division of Student Affairs and Academic Support
 
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quizFinals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
Finals of Kant get Marx 2.0 : a general politics quiz
 
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sashaWork Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
Work Experience for psp3 portfolio sasha
 
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptxCapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
CapTechU Doctoral Presentation -March 2024 slides.pptx
 
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
How to Make a Field read-only in Odoo 17
 
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17How to Solve Singleton Error in the  Odoo 17
How to Solve Singleton Error in the Odoo 17
 
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using CodeHow to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
How to Send Emails From Odoo 17 Using Code
 
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
3.26.24 Race, the Draft, and the Vietnam War.pptx
 
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
Unveiling the Intricacies of Leishmania donovani: Structure, Life Cycle, Path...
 
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
How to Add a New Field in Existing Kanban View in Odoo 17
 
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptxThe basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
The basics of sentences session 10pptx.pptx
 
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICEQuality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
Quality Assurance_GOOD LABORATORY PRACTICE
 
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
What is the Future of QuickBooks DeskTop?
 
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptxSOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
SOLIDE WASTE in Cameroon,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,.pptx
 
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
5 charts on South Africa as a source country for international student recrui...
 
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdfHED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
HED Office Sohayok Exam Question Solution 2023.pdf
 
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRADUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
DUST OF SNOW_BY ROBERT FROST_EDITED BY_ TANMOY MISHRA
 
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ DẠY THÊM TIẾNG ANH LỚP 11 - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 - HK...
 
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
How to Show Error_Warning Messages in Odoo 17
 
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
2024.03.23 What do successful readers do - Sandy Millin for PARK.pptx
 

Traditional Process Models

  • 2. Outline • Generic process framework • Waterfall model • Incremental model • Prototyping model • Spiral model • Summary
  • 3. 3 Generic Process Framework • Communication – Involves communication among the customer and other stake holders; encompasses requirements gathering • Planning – Establishes a plan for software engineering work; addresses technical tasks, resources, work products, and work schedule • Modelling (Analyse, Design) – Encompasses the creation of models to better under the requirements and the design
  • 4. • Construction (Code, Test) – Combines code generation and testing to uncover errors • Deployment – Involves delivery of software to the customer for evaluation and feedback
  • 5. 5 Modelling: Software Requirements Analysis • Helps software engineers to better understand the problem they will work to solve • Encompasses the set of tasks that lead to an understanding of what the business impact of the software will be, what the customer wants, and how end-users will interact with the software • Uses a combination of text and diagrams to depict requirements for data, function, and behavior – Provides a relatively easy way to understand and review requirements for correctness, completeness and consistency
  • 6. 6 Modelling: Software Design • Brings together customer requirements, business needs, and technical considerations to form the “blueprint” for a product • Creates a model that provides detail about software data structures, software architecture, interfaces, and components that are necessary to implement the system • Architectural design – Represents the structure of data and program components that are required to build the software – Considers the architectural style, the structure and properties of components that constitute the system, and interrelationships that occur among all architectural components
  • 7. • User Interface Design – Creates an effective communication medium between a human and a computer – Identifies interface objects and actions and then creates a screen layout that forms the basis for a user interface prototype • Component-level Design – Defines the data structures, algorithms, interface characteristics, and communication mechanisms allocated to each software component
  • 9. 9 Process Model • Defines a distinct set of activities, actions, tasks, milestones, and work products that are required to engineer high-quality software • The activities may be linear, incremental, or evolutionary
  • 10. 10 Waterfall Model (Diagram) Communication Project initiation Requirements gathering Planning Estimating Scheduling Tracking Modeling Analysis Design Construction Code Test Deployment Delivery Support Feedback
  • 11. 11 Waterfall Model (Description) • Oldest software lifecycle model • Used when requirements are well understood and risk is low • Work flow is in a linear (i.e., sequential) fashion • Used often with well-defined adaptations or enhancements to current software
  • 12. 12 Waterfall Model (Problems) • Doesn't support iteration, so changes can cause confusion • Difficult for customers to state all requirements explicitly and up front • Requires customer patience because a working version of the program doesn't occur until the final phase • Problems can be somewhat alleviated in the model through the addition of feedback loops (see the next slide)
  • 13. 13 Waterfall Model with Feedback (Diagram) Communication Project initiation Requirements gathering Planning Estimating Scheduling Tracking Modeling Analysis Design Construction Code Test Deployment Delivery Support Feedback
  • 14. 14 Incremental Model (Diagram) Increment #1 Communication Increment #2 Increment #3 Planning Modeling Construction Deployment Communication Planning Modeling Construction Deployment Communication Planning Modeling Construction Deploy………
  • 15. 15 Incremental Model (Description) • Used when requirements are well understood • Multiple independent deliveries are identified • Work flow is in a linear (i.e., sequential) fashion within an increment and is staggered between increments • Iterative in nature; focuses on an operational product with each increment • Provides a needed set of functionality sooner while delivering optional components later • Useful also when staffing is too short for a full-scale development
  • 16. 16 Prototyping Model (Diagram) Communication Quick Planning Modeling Quick Design Construction Of Prototype Deployment, Delivery, and Feedback Start
  • 17. 17 Prototyping Model (Description) • Follows an evolutionary and iterative approach • Used when requirements are not well understood • Serves as a mechanism for identifying software requirements • Focuses on those aspects of the software that are visible to the customer/user • Feedback is used to refine the prototype
  • 18. 18 Prototyping Model (Potential Problems) • The customer sees a "working version" of the software, wants to stop all development and then buy the prototype after a "few fixes" are made • Developers often make implementation compromises to get the software running quickly (e.g., language choice, user interface, operating system choice, inefficient algorithms) • Lesson learned – Define the rules up front on the final disposition of the prototype before it is built – In most circumstances, plan to discard the prototype and engineer the actual production software with a goal toward quality
  • 19. 19 Spiral Model (Diagram) Communication Start Start Planning Modeling Deployment Construction
  • 20. 20 Spiral Model (Description) • Follows an evolutionary approach • Used when requirements are not well understood and risks are high • Inner spirals focus on identifying software requirements and project risks; may also incorporate prototyping • Outer spirals take on a classical waterfall approach after requirements have been defined, but permit iterative growth of the software
  • 21. • Operates as a risk-driven model…a go/no-go decision occurs after each complete spiral in order to react to risk determinations • Requires considerable expertise in risk assessment • Serves as a realistic model for large-scale software development
  • 22. 22 General Weaknesses of Evolutionary Process Models 1) Prototyping poses a problem to project planning because of the uncertain number of iterations required to construct the product 2) Evolutionary software processes do not establish the maximum speed of the evolution • If too fast, the process will fall into chaos • If too slow, productivity could be affected
  • 23. 3) Software processes should focus first on flexibility and extensibility, and second on high quality • We should prioritize the speed of the development over zero defects • Extending the development in order to reach higher quality could result in late delivery