1. Enhancing Electric Vehicle Battery Charging System with
Dynamic Ultra-Capacitor Charging in Conjunction with
Lithium-Polymer Batteries
Dept. of EEE
Presented By
Ahosan Habib Reshad
Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology

2. Outlines
1.Introduction
2.Literature Review
3.Motivation
4.Objectives
5.Component List
6.Methodology
7.Result
8.Expected Outcome
9.References

3. Introduction
1
 An electric vehicle is powered by electric
motors, using electricity as its primary
source of energy
 Electric vehicles can be fully electric as BEV
or HEV that combines electric motor with
ICE.
 In HEV, vehicle runs a certain distance with
the help of Battery and rest of the distance
will be covered by ICE.
Fig.1: BEV & HEV

4. Literature Review
Ref. Title Methodology Contribution Research Gap
1. Improving the Life-
Cycle and SOC of
the Battery of a
Modular Electric
Vehicle Using
Ultra-Capacitor
(2019)
 Evaluate a two-way DC-
DC converter for use
with ultra-capacitors and
batteries.
 conducting road tests on
a certain route, including
idle and load (300kg)
 Proposed a connection
between an ultra-capacitor
group and a battery group in
order to prevent deep
discharge current.
 Showed that use of Ultra-
Capacitor improved Battery
Life.
 The super capacitors
were charged using a
charging circuit
connected to the
vehicle's electrical
system or an external
power source.
2. Hybrid Electric
Vehicle: Designing
a Control of
Solar/Wind/Battery
/Capacitor/Fuel
Cell Hybrid System
(2019)
 Utilized a rule-based
supervisory controller to
prioritize energy sources
with the Super-Capacitor.
 The controller also
controls the energy flow
from the alternator.
 Simulation, design, and
control of with renewable
energy sources were
presented.
 No plug-in system was
needed.
 The Simulink results are
plotted.
 Usage of so many
sources may create
error.
 No prototype was built
up as well as No
robust application was
shown.

5. Literature Review (Contd.)
Ref. Title Methodology Contribution Research Gap
3. A Reconfigurable
Battery
Supercapacitor
Hybrid Energy
System with
Active Balancing
for Vehicle
Applications(2021)
 Proposed a small-scale
battery containing eight
Li-ion cells, One Super-
Capacitor cell and one
DC-DC Converter
 Worldwide Harmonized
Light-Duty Vehicle Test
Cycle (WLTC) was
selected as the driving
cycle in the simulation
tests
 Reviewed existing battery
active balancing methods
and reconfigurable battery
topologies
 Provided simulation results
to demonstrate the
effectiveness of the proposed
system
 Introduced reconfiguring
control algorithms
 The proposed
reconfigurable hybrid
energy storage system
and its control
algorithms have only
been tested through
simulations with a
scaled-down battery
 The provided system is
costlier

6. Motivation
 While starting, a surge which is primarily caused by the high
current drawn from the electric motor during startup imposes
load on battery.
 In HEV, Heavier weight of ICE requires more energy to move the
vehicle which reduces the overall efficiency.
 The Wireless Charging System covers a very small area so that It
can’t be used as Primary Energy Source.

7. Objectives
To implement Wireless Charging System as a Backup
Energy Source to increase Efficiency
To provide Starting and Braking torque through Super-
Capacitor
To provide Energy through Battery and Super-
Capacitor rather using Battery and ICE combination

8. Component List
Arduino Nano
Super-Capacitor
Lithium-Polymer Battery
Inductor Coil
Diode
PC817 Opto-Coupler
IR Sensor Module
P55NF06 Mosfet
IRF3205 Mosfet
LED
10K Pot

9. Methodology
Battery
Super-
Capacitor
Control
Circuitry
Motor
Switching
Circuitry
Fig. 2: Block Diagram Of Proposed Model

10. Methodology (Proteous Simulation)
Fig. 3: Simulating the proposed Model when the speed is less than 400 RPM

11. Methodology (Proteous Simulation)
Fig. 4: Simulating the Proposed Model when Speed is greater than 400 RPM

12. Methodology (Cont.)
(Cont.)
Fig. 5: Comparison between Li-ion Vs Li-Po batteries

13. Result
Fig. 6: Hardware Implementation of the proposed Model
DC Motor
IR Sensor
Super-Capacitor
16*2 Display
Arduino Nano

14. Result
Fig. 7: Hardware response when Speed is less than 400rpm
Speed is Less than
400rpm
Blue LED indicates
that Super-Capacitor is
Operating

15. Result
Fig. 8: Hardware response when Speed is greater than 400rpm
Speed is Greater
than 400rpm
Green LED indicates
that Battery is Operating

16. Expected Outcome
With the implementation of Wireless Charging System as
Secondary Energy Source,
• The overall Efficiency will be increased
• Vehicle can run a larger distance than before with the
same amount of charging at one cycle

17. Conclusion
 This prototype can be used with existing EVs.
 Three Energy Sources are used in this model. Li-Po Battery, Super-
Capacitor and Wireless Charging System.
 This proposed model has certain Drawbacks including complex circuitry,
induction loss etc.
 Though it has certain Drawbacks, it has certain merits as the lifespan of
Battery is increased with increasing Efficiency.

18. References
Reference [1] A. S. Sener, "Improving the Life-Cycle and SOC of the
Battery of a Modular Electric Vehicle Using Ultra-Capacitor," 2019 8th
International Conference on Renewable Energy Research and
Applications (ICRERA), Brasov, Romania, 2019, pp. 611-614, doi:
10.1109/ICRERA47325.2019.8996616.
Reference [2] K. Prakash et al., "Hybrid Electric Vehicle: Designing a
Control of Solar/Wind/Battery/Capacitor/Fuel Cell Hybrid
System," 2019 29th Australasian Universities Power Engineering
Conference (AUPEC), Nadi, Fiji, 2019, pp. 1-6, doi:
10.1109/AUPEC48547.2019.211802.

19. Reference [3] X. Huang, B. Jiang and Y. Liu, "A Reconfigurable Battery
Supercapacitor Hybrid Energy System with Active Balancing for Vehicle
Applications," 2021 IEEE 19th International Power Electronics and
Motion Control Conference (PEMC), Gliwice, Poland, 2021, pp. 231-236,
doi: 10.1109/PEMC48073.2021.9432499.
References(Cont.)