1. By AgnesLms Sinurat

2. Biosafety is the precautionary
measure that reduce laboratory risk to
exposure of microbe or any
contamination to environment and
community
B I O S A F E T Y

3. DETERMINANT OF BIOSAFETY
LEVEL (BSLs)
INFECTIVITY
02
SEVERITY OF
DISEASE
03 TRANSMISSIBILITY
04
NATURE OF WORK
CONDUCTED
01
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
UU RI No. 21 tahun 2004 tentang Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
Risk assessment and
Professional Juddgement

4. 01 Pathogenicity of agent and infectious dose
FACTOR THAT SHOULD BE CONSIDERING :
02
04
Natural route of infection
Other routes of infection , resulting from laboratory
manipulation (parenteral , airborne , ingestion)
05 Stability of the agent in the environment
06 Concentrate of the agents
07 Presence of suitable host (animal/human)
08 Clinical Report
09
Laboratory activity planned (sonication ,
aerosolization , centrifugation, ect)
10 Alter the agent’s sensitivity or genetic
manipulation that may extend. The host
range of the agent
11
Local availability of effective
prophylaxis or therapeutic
interventions
03
Potential outcome of exposure

5. GOLD STANDART
01 02 03
Medical data on
patient
Epidemiological data
a) Morbidity and
mortality
b) Suspect route of
transmission
c) Other outbrake
investigation data
Information on
geographical of origin
of the specimen
Appropriate ad hoc
guidelines may be
generated and posted
by national competent
authorities

6. BSL
LEVEL 1
and
LEVEL 2

7. (no or low individual and community risk)
A microorganism that is unlikely to cause human or animal disease
Laboratory type for Basic Learning (highschools and colleges) ; Research
Laboratory practice : GMT (General Microbiological Technique)
The agents which is usually in the laboratory : Escherichia coli , bacillus subtilis , virus
gumboro , infectiouscannine hepatitis
virus , Saccharomyces cerevisiae

8. Moderate individual risk , low community risk
A pathogen that can cause disease but effective treatment and preventive are available
Laboratory type are Primary health service ; diagnostic services , research (hospital or
clinical laboratory)
Laboratory practice : GMT + protective clothing (lab suit , biohazard sign)
The agents which is usually in the laboratory : Salmonellae , Toxoplasma sp. , hepatitis
virus , Staphylococcus aureus , HIV
This includes various microbes that cause
mild disease to humans, or are difficult to
contract via aerosol in a lab setting

9. Only authorized persons should be
allowed to enter the laboratory
working areas
Children should not be
authorized or allowed to enter
laboratory working areasAccess to animal houses should
be specially authorized
No animals should be admitted
other than those involved in work of
the laboratory
Laboratory doors should
be kept closed
A C C E S S

10. PERSONAL PROTECTION
1. Laboratory coveralls, gowns or uniforms must be worn at all times for work in the laboratory.
2. Appropriate gloves must be worn for all procedures that may involve direct or accidental contact with blood, body fluids
and other potentially infectious materials or infected animals and removed it.
3. Personnel must wash their after handling the agents and before they leave the laboratory working areas.
4. Safety glasses, face shields (visors) or other protective devices must be worn when it is necessary to protect the eyes
and face from splashes, impacting objects and sources of artificial ultraviolet radiation.
5. It is prohibited to wear protective laboratory clothing outside the laboratory, e.g. in canteens, coffee rooms, offices,
libraries, staff rooms and toilets.
6. Open-toed footwear must not be worn in laboratories.
7. Eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics and handling contact lenses is prohibited in the laboratory
8. Protective laboratory clothing that has been used in the laboratory must not be stored in the same lockers or cupboards
as street clothing.

11. 1. Pipetting by mouth must be strictly forbidden.
2. Materials must not be placed in the mouth. Labels must not be licked.
3. All technical procedures should be performed in a way that minimizes the formation of aerosols and droplets.
4. The use of hypodermic needles and syringes should be limited (for parenteral injection or aspiration of fluids).
5. Accidents or potential exposures to infectious materials must be reported to the laboratory supervisor.
6. A written procedure for the clean-up of all spills must be developed and followed.
7. Contaminated liquids must be decontaminated (chemically or physically) before discharge to the sanitary sewer.
8. Written documents that are expected to be removed from the laboratory need to be protected from
contamination while in the laboratory.

12. BSL 1 BSL 2
1. Stainless steel hand sinks
2. Laboratory coat
3. Easy to clean workspace
4. Watertight room
5. Sturdy furniture
6. Windows are equipped with insect
and dust filters
7. Entrance door
BLS 1 +
1. Automatic door
2. Biological safety cabinet
3. Enough lighting
4. Laboratorium location must be
separate from resident place
5. Air flow only enters ventilation
6. Equipped with eyes protection
7. Limiting traffic of people and things
8. Equipped with protective clothing
9. Equipped with biohazard signs

13. BSL
LEVEL 3

14. High individual risk , low community risk
A pathogen that usually causes serious human or animal disease but doesn’t ordinarily
spread from one infected individual to another. Treatment are available
Laboratory type are special diagnostic service , research
Laboratory practice : BSL 2 + special clothing , controlled access , directional airflow
The major additions : a) Code of practice
b) Laboratory design and facilities
c) Health and medical surveillance
The agents which is usually in the laboratory : Mycobacterium tuberculosis , HIV ,
SARS , MERS , Anthrax
BSL-3 means the microbes there can be either indigenous , exotic or potentially
lethal disease through respiratory transmission

15. CODE OF PRACTICE
01 02 04
• Warning symbol displayed
on laboratory access door
• Biosafety name and
laboratory supervisor
• Information of special
conditions in area e.g.
immunization
INTERNATIONAL BIOHAZARD SIGN
• Solid-front or wrap-around
gowns
• Scrub suits , coveralls
• Head covering and shoe cover
• Protective clothe must not be
worn outside laboratory
• Must be decontaminated
before it is laundered
LABORATORY CLOTHING
PPE (Personal Protective
Equipment) must be worn
and respirators required
(device that covers the nose
and mouth or entire face or
head)
RESPIRATORY PROTECTIVE
03
All potentially infectious
material must be conducted
with BSC or primary
containment device
BIOLOGICAL SAFETY CABINET

16. LABORATORY FACILITIES
1. The laboratory must be separate from free areas on building (placing the laboratory at the blind end of corridor
or access through an anteroom )
2. The anteroom should have facilities for separating clean and dirty clothing and shower may necessary
3. Surface of walls , floor and ceiling should be water-resistant and easy to clean
4. A hands-free sink and eyewash are available near the exit
5. Exhaust air cannot be recirculated (the laboratory must have sustained directional airflow by drawing air into
the laboratory from lean areas toward potentially contaminated)
6. All HEPA (high efficiency particulate air) filter must be installed in a manner that permits gaseous
decontamination and testing (HEPA is ventilator monitoring systems)
7. An autoclave for the decontamination of contaminated waste material should be available
8. BSC should be sited away from walking areas out of cross-currents doors and ventilation system

17. 1. Medical
examination of
all laboratory
work personnel
2. Recording of
detailed
medical history
and physical
examination of
targeted
Medical contact
card stating that
they employed on
lab , after
satisfactory clinical
assessment
HEALTH AND MEDICAL
SURVEILLANCE
1 2

18. BSL
LEVEL 4

19. High individual and community risk
A pathogen that usually causes serious disease and can be transmitted from one
individual to another directly or indirectly. Effective treatment and preventive
measures are not usually available
Laboratory type for Dangerous pathogen units
Laboratory practice : BSL-3 + airlock entry , shower exit , special waste disposal
The agents which is usually in the laboratory : Ebola , Marburg viruses , Rift Valley
Fever Virus , Hanta virus , Lassa Virus

20. CODE OF PRACTICE
The two-person rule should apply,
whereby no individual ever works
alone. This is particularly important
if working in a Biosafety Level 4
suit facility.
A complete change of clothing
and shoes is required prior to
entering and upon exiting the
laboratory.
A method of communication for
routine and emergency contacts
must be established between
personnel working within the
maximum containment laboratory
Personnel must be trained in
emergency extraction
procedures in the event of
personnel injury or illness.