3rd Africa Rice Congress Theme 1: climate resilient rice Mini symposium: Enhancing rice yield potential Author: El-Namaky

1. Adaptation of hybrid rice technology
in West Africa
R. El-Namaky, K. Traore, G. Kanfany, K. Bimpong, I. Diagne and B.
Manneh
Africa Rice Center (AfricaRice), Saint-Louis, Senegal
Corresponding author: r.elnamaky@cgiar.org

2. Introduction
 Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is the second largest crop grown in the world
in terms of both area and production.
 Hybrid rice covers about 50% or 15 million ha of the total rice area
each year in China . The yearly increased of grain yield by hybrid
rice can feed more than 70 million people every year.
 In Africa, the quantity of rice imported/year was 12.0 million tones
in 2012.
 using hybrid rice with 15-20% yield advantage over improved
Inbred varieties one of the best way to increase rice production.

3. Objectives
1- Evaluate and demonstrate performance of hybrids in SSA countries.
2- Develop new hybrid combinations in background of African
varieties.
3- Establish hybrid rice seed production systems

4. Materials and Methods
• 170 hybrids from China (CAAS) evaluated at 8 countries (20102011) for adaptability and resistance to insect and diseases.
• 28 hybrids from IRRI evaluated at AfricaRice Sahel Station, Saint
Louis Senegal (2010-2011).
• 100 hybrids developed and evaluated at AfricaRice Saint Louis,
Senegal 2012 -2013.
• All hybrids were evaluated under recommend culture practice in
each country.
• 200 hybrid combinations were produced in small plots of hybrid
seed production through three line system

5. Results and Discussion

6. Grain yield of 122 Chinese hybrids in six countries in Africa (2010)
Effect
Genotype (Hybrids)
Environment (Country)
GxE (Hybrids* Country)
Num DF*
136
5
596
Den DF*
199
30
199
F-Value
3.4529
118.2648
2.2987
Prob F
<0.0001
<0.0001
<0.0001

7. Grain yield of Chinese hybrids in five countries in Africa (2011)

8. Performances of IRRI hybrids at Saint Louis, Senegal

9. Chart of hybrid rice breeding program in AfricaRice
IRRI - CMS lines
F1- complete sterile ….
Local African varieties
F1- fertile ……
WS - 2010
Re-Testcross
Testcross Nursery
DS - 2011
Backcross
BC1
BC2
BC3
DS - 2010
Combining Ability Evaluation
Observational Yield Trial
Preliminary Yield Trial
BC4
DS - 2012
WS- 2012
DS- 2013
WS - 2013
MET
BC5
DS – 2014
WS - 2014
PET
New CMS lines
PAT
WS - 2011
FAT
Nominate promising hybrids for release in target countries
2015

10. Identify of new parental lines
Identify new 50 restorer lines by SSR and confirmed by testcross
AD9246
Nerica-L19
SAHEL 134
SAHEL 159
SAHEL 328
SAHEL 329
Kogoni
Sahel 108
Nerica-L27
KCDL
ARS -6-2-2-3
ARS -7-2-2-4
ARS -8-2-2-5
ARS -9-1-3-1
ARS -10-1-3-2
ARS -11-1-3-3
ARS -12-1-3-4
ARS -13 -1-3-5
ARS -14 - 2-1-2
IR32307-10-3-2-1

11. Identification of new restorer lines by testcross
Male parent
CMS line
50%
pollen Spikelet 1000
Grain
flowerin fertility fertility grains yield/
g
%
%
weight plant (g)
IR58025A/ SAHEL 329
106
99
88.4
21
42.0
IR58025A/ 08FAN2
103
99
88.1
27
44.3
IR58025A/ AD9246
111
85
90
29
52.7
IR58025A/ GIZA 178
109
80
88.7
21
56.7
IR58025A/NERICA S 19
119
99
90.1
28
63.0
IR58025A/ RC8
101
100
89.5
24
50.3
IR58025A/ SAHEL 108
116
87
92.6
25
56.0
IR58025A/ SAHEL 134
123
88
89.8
27
41.3
SAHEL 159
114
99
90
27
56.3
IR58025A/WAS 181-B-1-1
122
99
86.9
29
48.7
IR58025A/ WAS 196-B-5-1
111
99
85.5
27
57.3

12. Performance of promising hybrids and check cultivars across 2012 and 2013
Hybrid
AR023H
AR042H
AR010H
AR013H
AR008H
AR009H
AR031H
AR017H
AR018H
AR062H
AR043H
AR044H
AR051H
Sahel 108 Ck
Days to
50%
flowering
85
91
91
90
88
87
88
87
87
87
85
85
85
85
Plant
height
(cm)
102
109
105
101
107
109
104
106
112
111
107
107
108
89
Panicle
lengh
(cm)
24
27.3
26.2
28.2
30
26.5
29
26.7
24.4
29.7
30
28
29.3
24.8
Panicle
m-2
489
490
517
495
415
425
395
321
407
404
373
421
443
362
Spikelet
fertility
(%)
82.8
83.7
82.7
82.3
83.7
83.1
83.7
82.6
83.6
94
81.7
83.7
81.2
80.5
Grain
yield(t
ha-1)
10.6
10.5
10.3
10.1
10
10
10
9.9
9.9
9.9
9.8
9.7
9.7
8.8
Hybrid
advantage
(%)
20.7
19.65
17.43
15.22
13.84
13.52
14.23
12.83
12.96
13.31
11.17
10.21
10.96
0

13. Grain physical characteristics and milling properties of promising Hybrids
No Genotypes
Total Milling
recovery%
Whole %
100SW (g)
Scale (length) Grain Shape
7
8
1
11
10
12
3
9
6
5
4
2
13
69.85 a
69.60 ab
69.25 ab
68.90 ab
68.72 ab
68.70 ab
68.66 ab
68.17 abc
67.86 abc
67.79 abc
67.64 abc
67.02 bc
65.58 cd
62.77 a
61.07 abc
59.79 bcd
58.08 de
57.48 def
58 def
58.73 cde
57.66 def
58.63 cde
59.26 cd
59.54 bcd
55.40 f
56.51 ef
2.40 bc
2.36 c
2.70 ab
2.70 ab
2.46 bc
2.43 bc
2.36 c
2.60 abc
2.76 a
2.56 abc
2.56 abc
2.40 bc
2.40 bc
Long
Long
Extra Long
Extra Long
Extra Long
Long
Extra Long
Extra Long
Long
Medium
Long
Extra Long
Long
ARS014H
ARS011H
ARS009H
ARS015H
ARS004H
ARS012H
ARS013H
ARS007H
ARS005H
ARS008H
ARS010H
ARS006H
SAHEL 108
Hybrid had high milling properties long to extra long grains and slender.
Slender
Slender
Slender
Slender
Slender
Slender
Slender
Slender
Slender
Medium
Slender
Slender
Slender

14. More than 100 hybrids developed in Saint Louis and evaluated in
observational (OB) yield trial at Fanaye Ndiaye (DS-2013).

15. AR003H
AR013H
AR023H
AR010H
AR043H

16. Yield of hybrid Rice Seed Production at Saint Louis, 2012 -3013
Combination
Yield
(kg/ha)
IR58025A/Sahel 108
1670
IR58025A/Giza178
1845
IR68888A/Sahel 134
1395
IR68888A/Giza 178
2450
IR69625A/Sahel 134
2160
IR69625A/Sahel329
1947

17. Establish hybrid rice seed production systems

18. PhD, MSc and BSc student from Senegal, Burkina Faso and Côte
d'Ivoire, trained on all breeding activities including hybrid rice
PhD student from Ghana &
BsC from Senegal

19. Challenges of hybrid rice in Africa
 Slow adoption of hybrid technology by rice farmers.
 Slow variety release process
 The higher cost of hybrid seed production .
 Capacity building.

20. Future plan
1. Evaluate promising hybrids with 15-20% in more countries in West
and East Africa.
2. Develop new hybrids tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses.
3. Encourage private seed sector for hybrid seed production.
4. Enhance capacity building of NARS and private sector for hybrid
technology.

21. You
Thank
Trail of HRSP in
Africa
Are we can reach to
this level?
Hybrid Seed
production in
China