18. Establishing Diagnosis of Syncope Presyncope & syncope: similar etiologies & workup Syncope: sudden transient loss of consciousness with loss of postural tone and spontaneous recovery Mechanism: transient hypoperfusion of brainstem or both cerebral hemispheres Differential diagnosis: coma narcolepsy seizure
40. Prognosis: Framingham 25 year follow up *p<0.01 NEJM 2002;347:878 1.08 Vasovagal 1.32* Idiopathic 1.54* Neurologic 2.01* Cardiac Adjusted risk of death Etiology of syncope
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47. Syncope in the elderly: a poor prognostic sign Kapoor, Am J Med, 1986