1. Hybrid Electric Vehicle
EV School presents:
Made By: Rahul Pandey
(03215004911) BTECH. IV YEAR
MSIT, JANAKPURI, NEW DELHI

2.  Any vehicle that combines two or more sources
of power that can directly or indirectly provide
propulsion power is a hybrid.
 Examples
 Trains ---Diesel-Electric Hybrid
 Cars & SUVs- Gasoline- Electric Hybrid
 Submarines- Nuclear –Electric,Diesel-Electric

3.  Hybrid electric vehicles ("HEVs") = Internal
combustion engine + electric motor powered by
batteries.
 Commonly Mistaken with Electric Vehicle.
 Less fuel than traditional counterparts and without
recharging.
 Same as driving any other conventional vehicle.
 We all have owned a hybrid Vehicle at sometime.
E.g. Moped

4. Gas-powered car Electric-powered car
 It has a fuel tank, which
supplies gasoline to the engine.
The engine then turns
a transmission, which turns the
wheels.
 On the other hand, it has a set
of batteries that provides
electricity to an electric motor.
The motor turns a transmission,
and then it turns the wheels.

5. Advantages over vehicles
with internal combustion
engines (ICEs):
 Energy efficient.
 Environmentally friendly.
 Performance benefits.
 Reduce energy
dependence.
EVs do, however, face
significant battery-related
challenges:
 Driving range.
 Recharge time.
 Battery cost:
 Bulk & weight:
Advantages Disadvantages

6.  Pollution caused by conventional cars
 Increasing prices of fuel day by day
 Fuel is a limited natural source
 Better Mileage
 In fact, gasoline-fueled HEVs are among a
select few vehicle technologies that can
dramatically increase fuel economy, while
reducing pollution and delivering top safety
and performance.

8.  Regenerative Braking
 Electric Motor Drive/Assist
 Automatic Start/Shutoff
 Use low-rolling resistance tires
 Use lightweight materials

9.  SERIES HYBRID VEHICLE
 PARALLEL HYBRID VEHICLE
 SERIES PARALLEL HYBRID VEHICLE
Chevrolet Volt –Series Hybrid
Ford Escape–Series Parallel Hybrid
Honda Insight–Parallel Hybrid

10.  Simplest hybrid configuration.
 Electric motor is the only means of providing power .
 Engine size is smaller
 The battery pack more powerful .
 Series hybrids more expensive .
 Engine in a series hybrid is not coupled to the wheels.
 Series drivetrains perform best in stop-and-go driving .

11.  Gasoline motor
turns a generator
 Generator may
either charge the
batteries or power
an electric motor
that drives the
transmission
 At low speeds is
powered only by
the electric motor
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13.  Both the engine and the electric motor
generate the power that drives the wheels.
 Smaller battery pack.
 Engine is connected directly to the wheels.
 Quite efficient on the highway.
 Operates inefficiently in stop-and-go driving.

15.  Merges the advantages and complications of the parallel and
series.
 Engine can both drive the wheels directly and be effectively
disconnected from the wheels .
 The Toyota Prius ,new Ford Escape Hybrid.
 Engine operates at near optimum efficiency more often.
 This system incurs higher costs than a pure parallel hybrid.
 It needs a generator, a larger battery pack, and more
computing power to control the dual system
 It has potential to perform better.

17.  You can get the best mileage from a hybrid
car by using the same kind of driving habits
that give you better mileage in your gasoline-engine
car:
 Drive slower
 Maintain a constant speed
 Avoid abrupt stops

18.  Use less oil than ICE
 Emit less CO2 than ICE
 Fuel efficiency increased
 Less overall mass
 Regenerative braking
 Battery level efficiency
 Tax incentives

19.  Battery capacity reduces by time, even you do not use it.
 This will impact fuel economy
 Fuel economy is dependant
on battery capacity
19
The Honda Insight’s battery pack
120 Panasonic 1.2-volt cells (total 144 V)
Nickel metal hydride
100A discharge, and 50A charge rates
The system limits the usable capacity to 4ah to
extend battery life

20.  Time of battery changing is long
 Batteries are heavy (100kg extra weight consumes 2L/100km more)
 Batteries are expensive
 Low performance in hot or cold temperatures also may damage the
battery
 Very sensitive to overcharge/undercharge(Battery life reduces
dramatically)
 Contain toxic heavy metals, disposal issue
Opportunity for researchers:
Advance research projects on batteries are supported by governments
and industries

21.  Currently more expensive than conventional
 Heavier than conventional, due to battery pack and electric motors
weight
 Limited battery life
 Expensive battery pack if you want to replace it
 Safety issues, high voltage battery and fuel
 Reliability, still under study,
 More complex computer controlled systems
 May have drivability issues
 Expensive to repair
 Towing Capacity

22. In terms of:
1.MSRP
2.KPL
3.SAVING ON FUEL YEARLY
4.PAYBACK PERIOD

23. Hybrid Model Non-hybrid Model
2014 Honda Accord Hybrid EX-L 2014 Honda Accord EX-L
2.0 L, 4 cyl, Automatic (variable gear ratios) 2.4 L, 4 cyl, Automatic (variable gear
ratios)
MSRP $32,695 $29,060
Combined KPL 17 12.75
The hybrid vehicle's MSRP is $3,635 more.
Estimated Fuel Savings with Hybrid
Weekly Monthly Yearly
$12.12
Years to Payback: 5.8 yrs
$52.50
( the years
required price will
meet the
$630
in which the saving on fuel
difference in hybrid car
price.

24.  Knowing what's under the hood of hybrid
electric vehicles will help you evaluate the
available choices in the market. Enjoy driving
into the future!

25.  1.) http://www.fueleconomy.gov
 2.) http://auto.howstuffworks.com
 3.) http://www.ucsusa.org
 4.) http://www.greenhybrid.com
 5.) http://autos.aol.com
 6.)http://wikipedia.org
 7.)http://www.afdc.energy.gov