FLYWHEEL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM

1. FLYWHEEL ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
GUIDED BY
Mr. VISHNU PRATHAP
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT
1
PRESENTED BY
ARUN ASOKAN
REG NO: 14005265
ROLL NO: 15
1

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction
 Literature Review
 Flywheel Energy Storage System(FESS)
 Component of FESS
 FESS in Porsche 911
 FESS in transportation
 FESS in railway
 FESS in spacecraft
 Advantages
 Limitations
 Conclusion
 References
2

3. INTRODUCTION
 Energy storage is becoming increasingly important to accommodate the
energy needs of a greater population.
 Conventional storage system is Uninterruptible Power Supply(UPS) system.
 UPS system is based on the lead-acid battery.
 Flywheel Energy Storage System(FES) can represent a clean substitution
technology for conventional UPS system.
3

4. LITERATURE REVIEW4
SL.
NO
TITLE OF THE
JOURNAL (YEAR)
AUTHOR NAME,
JOURNAL NAME
MAIN POINTS
1 A comprehensive
review of Flywheel
Energy Storage System
technology
(2017)
S.M. Mousavi G,Faramarz
Faraji , Abbas Majazi &
Kamal Al-
Haddad,
Renewable and
Sustainable Energy
Reviews
• The typical overview of FESS operation
as an electric supply charges the flywheel
that stores energy in the form of kinetic
energy.
• Comprehensive review of FESS in
different applications
2 A Review of Flywheel
Energy Storage System
Technologies and Their
Applications
(2017)
Mustafa E. Amiryar &
Keith R. Pullen,
Applied Science
• Critical review of FESS with reference to
its main components
• The main applications of FESS in
transportation, railway and space are
explained

5. LITERATURE REVIEW5
SL.
NO
TITLE OF THE JOURNAL
(YEAR)
AUTHOR NAME,
JOURNAL NAME
MAIN POINTS
3 Design and Analysis of a
Unique
Energy Storage Flywheel
System—An Integrated
Flywheel, Motor/Generator,
and Magnetic Bearing
Configuration
(2015)
Arunvel Kailasan,
Tim Dimond,
Paul Allaire&
David Sheffler,
Journal of
Engineering for Gas
Turbines and Power
• Design of the composite rotor is studied
• A three-dimensional analysis was done on
the entire structure.
• The different parameters of the magnetic
bearing are calculated.

6. Flywheel Energy Storage System(FESS)
 A flywheel stores energy in a rotating mass, depending on the
inertia and speed of the rotating mass.
 According on the need of the grid, the kinetic energy is transferred
either in or out of the flywheel.
6

7. Flywheel Energy Storage System(FESS)
 Flywheel is connected to a machine that works as either the motor or
generator.
 The energy conversion in a FESS is accomplished by the electrical
machine and a bi-directional power converter.
7

8. Components of FESS8
 Flywheel Rotor
 Electric Machine
 Power Electronics
 Bearings
 Housing

9. FLYWHEEL ROTOR
 The energy stored in flywheel is given by
E = ½ I ω ^2
where E is the stored kinetic energy, I is the moment of inertia,
and ω is the angular velocity.
 The maximum specific energy is given by
where σ is the maximum stress, ρ is the density of the flywheel and
K is the shape factor
9

10. FLYWHEEL ROTOR
 The stored energy can be optimized either by increasing the
spinning speed (ω) or increasing the moment of inertia (I).
 Two type FESS
Low Speed FESS
High speed FESS
10

11. ELETRIC MACHINE
 The electrical machine is coupled to the flywheel to enable the
energy conversion and charging process.
 The machine acting as a motor, charges the flywheel by accelerating
it and drawing electrical energy from the source.
 The stored energy on the flywheel is extracted by the same machine,
acting as a generator.
 Common electrical machines used in FESS are
 Induction Machine(IM)
Variable Reluctant Machine (VRM)
 Permanent Magnet Machine (PM)
11

12. POWER ELECTRONICS
 The energy conversion in a FESS is accomplished by the electrical
machine and a bi-directional power converter.
 The power electronic converter topologies that can be used for FESS
applications are
DC-AC
AC-AC
 AC-DC-AC
 The widely used configuration of power converters in FESS is
AC-DC-AC configuration
12

13. BEARINGS
 Bearings are required to keep the rotor in place with very low
friction to provide a support mechanism for the flywheel.
 Different type of bearing systems are
Mechanical bearing
Magnetic bearing
 The widely used bearing technology is magnetic bearing.
13

14. HOUSING
 The housing has two purposes
To provide an environment for low gas drag.
For the containment of the rotor in the event of a failure.
 The housing or enclosure is the stationary part of the flywheel and is
usually made of a thick steel or other high strength material.
 The container holds the rotor in a vacuum to control rotor
aerodynamic drag losses by maintaining the low pressure inside the
device.
14

15. FESS in Porsche 91115
 The battery based electric vehicle was replaced with the flywheel
concept.
 Increase the fuel-efficiency and eco-consciousness of the vehicle.
 Energy wasted while braking is converted into stored energy by
flywheel.

16. FESS IN TRANSPORTATION
 Flywheels are used in hybrid and electric vehicles to store energy,
for use when harsh acceleration is required or to assist with uphill
climbs.
 Energy from regenerative braking during vehicle slowdown is stored
in flywheels.
 In electrical vehicles with chemical batteries as their source of
propulsion, flywheels are considered to cope well with a fluctuating
power consumption.
16

17. FESS IN SPACECRAFT17

18. FESS IN SPACECRAFT
 In space vehicles where the primary source of energy is the sun, and
where the energy needs to be stored for the periods when the
satellite is in darkness.
 Initially designs used battery storage, but now FESS are being
considered in combination with or to replace batteries.
 FESS is the only storage system that can accomplish dual functions,
by providing satellites with renewable energy storage in conjunction
with attitude control.
18

19. FESS IN RAILWAY
 The reuse of regenerative energy from vehicle braking is the
important benefit of using energy storage in electrical railways.
 It can increase electrical railway energy efficiency.
 Regenerative brake decelerates the train by changing its kinetic
energy into electricity and it can be fed back to the power grid in a
short time or stored until required.
19

20. ADVATNAGES
 Flywheels are not as adversely affected by temperature changes.
 High power capability
 Instant response
 Working lifespan is high.
 They are also less potentially damaging to the environment.
 It is possible to know the exact amount of energy stored by a simple
measurement of rotation speed.
20

21. LIMITATIONS
 Primary limits of flywheel design is the tensile strength of the
material used for rotor.
 Traditional flywheel systems require strong containment vessels as a
safety precaution.
 FESS using mechanical bearing can lose 20% to 50% of their
energy in 2hours.
21

22. CONCLUSION
 Flywheels are one of the most promising technologies for replacing
conventional lead acid batteries as energy storage systems for a
variety of applications.
 The main components flywheel rotor, electric machines, power
electronics, and bearing systems for flywheel storage systems are
described.
22

23. CONCLUSION
 The main applications of FESS in transportation, railway and space
are explained.
 FESS offer the unique characteristics of a very high cycle and
lifespan.
 Future work will include the detailed modelling and analysis of a
flywheel system for backup power and grid support applications.
23

24. REFERENCE
Arunvel Kailasan,Tim Dimond,Paul Allaire&Da Sheffler, Design and Analysis
of a Unique Energy Storage Flywheel System—An Integrated Flywheel,
Motor/Generator,and Magnetic BearingConfiguration/Journal of Engineering
for Gas Turbines and Power APRIL 2015, Vol. 137 / 042505
Mustafa E. Amiryar & Keith R. Pullen, A Review of Flywheel Energy Storage
System Technologies and Their Applications/Applied Science Appl. Sci.
2017,Vol.286,7
S.M. Mousavi G et al, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews /Renewable
and Sustainable Energy Reviews 67(2017)477–490
24
[1]
[2]
[3]

25. THANKYOU…..
25

26. 26