Communication and
its processes
Done by:- ANSHUMAN GOUDA{180804130151}
PRITAM MOHANTY {180804130145}
SASWATI PATTJOSHI{180804130148}
DEVIKA PARIDA{180804130155}

content
 Introduction about communication
 Role of communication
 Elements of communication
 Communication process
 Elements of communication process
 Forms of communication
 Barriers in communication process
 Effective communication

COMMUNICATION
 Communication is the process of sharing our ideas,
thoughts, and feelings with other people and having those
ideas, thoughts, and feelings understood by the people we
are talking with. When we communicate we speak, listen,
and observe.
 Communication is the process of transmitting information
and understanding. It is the transference of meaning between
individuals and the means of reaching, understanding and
influencing others.
 Skill to communicate depends on the capacity of an
individual to convey ideas and feelings to another to evolve a
desired response. In management, communication is a mixture
of personal attributes and organizational aspects.

Role of communication
 Helps in fostering motivation
 Aids in the function of control
 Provides information for making decisions
 Coordination among departments
 To fill current inner tensions, or needs. The six current needs
we each try to fill are...
to feel respected by Self and others
to give or get credible information
 to cause or prevent inner and/or interpersonal change -
including changing or maintaining the emotional distance
between us and others
to vent one’s feeling
to create excitement (reduce numbness or boredom)

ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION
 Verbal communication – Verbal communication (vocal
included) contributes to 45% of our communication. It
involves the use of language and meaning (either oral or
written).
 Non-verbal Communication – Non verbal communication is
the conscious and unconscious body movements in
communication that couple with physical and environmental
surroundings. Non verbal communications are those which
are not expressed orally or in writing and includes human
elements associated with communication.

COMMUNICATION PROCESS
 The communication process is a simple model that
demonstrates all the factors that can affect communication.
 The communication process is the inter -relationship
between several inter-dependent components.
 It consists of a whole series of related actions and reactions
which together result in the sharing of meaning.

ELEMENTS OF
COMMUNICATION PROCESSES
 Sender – It is the person who intends to make contact with
the objective of passing the message to other persons.
 Message – This is the subject matter of the communication
which is intended to be passed to the receiver from the sender.
 Encoding – The process of converting the message into
communication symbols.
 Channel – Message encoded into symbols are transmitted by
the sender through a channel.

 Receiver - the person or group whom the message is
directed.
 Decoding – The receiver translates the words and symbols
used in the message into idea and interprets it to obtain its
meaning.
 Feedback – It is the way of judging the
effectiveness of the message.

 An information source.
 The message, which is both sent by the information source
and received by the destination.
 A transmitter.
 The signal, which flows through a channel.
 A carrier or channel, which is represented by the small
unlabeled box in the middle of the model.
 Noise, in the form of secondary signals that obscure or
confuse the signal carried.
 A receiver.
 A destination Presumably a person who consumes and
processes the message

Shannon's (1948) Model of the communication
process

Forms of communication
 Communication in organizations can be broadly classified into
formal and informal communication.
 Formal communication takes place through the
system in organization. In this, hierarchy has a very important
role to play and the parties communicating should adhere to the
procedures in the system. In organizations, formal communication
is effected in upward (subordinate to superior), downward
(superior to subordinate) and horizontal (between same levels)
directions.
 Informal communication (grapevine) in an organization is very
active and powerful. Nature of communication through this medium
is oral and the speed with which the message is spread through
this network is tremendous.

Barriers in communication
process
Interpersonal Barriers
 Perception and perceptual selection processes Semantics
(language)
 Channel selection
 Inconsistent verbal and nonverbal communication.
Organizational Barriers
 Information overload
 Technical and in-group language Status
differences
 Task and organization structure requirements Absence of
formal communication channels

Effective communication
 A good working definition for effective communication is
to share meaningand understanding between the person
sending the message and the person receiving the message.
 The successof an individual in a team depends greatly
on the extent to which he can engage in effective
communication.
 Effective communication is an essential component of
organizational success at all levels. Numerous employee
surveys have found that many problems in any organization
can be traced back to one primary cause: poor communication.
 Faulty communication in organizations can lead to lowered
efficiency and effectiveness at the organizational as well as
individual level. Also most of the interpersonal friction can be
traced to faculty communication.

 Good communication is necessary for all organizations as
management functions in organizations are carried out through
communication.
 Communication is considered effective when it succeeds in
evoking a desired response from the other person.
 Communication, to be effective, cannot be a haphazard process.
It has to be planned and executed so that it evokes the desired
response.
 Poor communication results in poor performance – When there is
poor communication in an organization, there can be any number
of negative outcomes, including errors, productivity declines,
distrust, lower morale, confusion, absenteeism, and general
dissatisfaction.

Improving Communication
Effectiveness
Technique for sender
 Feedback, perhaps the most important of these, is facilitated by
two way communication.
 The sender should be aware of the meanings that different
receivers might attach to various words.
 The sender should try to maintain credibility. This can be
accomplished by not pretending to be an expert when one is
not, by "doing one's homework" and checking facts, and by
otherwise being as accurate and honest as possible.
 The sender should try to be sensitive to the receiver's
perspective. A manager who must tell a subordinate that she
has not been recommended for a promotion should recognize
that the subordinate will be frustrated and unhappy. The content
of the message and its method of delivery should be chosen
accordingly.

Technique for receiver
 Being a good listener requires that the individual be
prepared to listen, not interrupt the speaker, concentrate on
both the words and the meaning being conveyed, be patient,
and ask questions.
 Another technique for the receiver is to be sensitive to the
sender's point of view. Suppose that a manager has just
received some bad news that his position is being eliminated
next year. Others should understand that he may be
disappointed, angry, or even depressed for a while. Thus,
they might make a special effort not to take too much
offense if he snaps at them, and they might look for signals
that he needs someone to talk to.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks
of gratitude to my teacher Mr. GIRISH
PRASAD RATH who gave us the golden
opportunity to stand before you and
present our topic.