1. 11 th General Conference of AARINENA 12-14 October 2008, Damascus- Syria Revisiting CWANA Research Priorities and Needs Assessment K. Shideed, M. Solh, and I. Hamdan

6. Intensity of public agricultural R&D ( Total public agricultural R&D spending as a percentage of agricultural GDP) Source: Pardey, P.G., N. Beintema, S. Dehmer, and S. Wood. 2006. Agricultural Research: A Growing Global Divide? IFPRI, Agricultural Science and Technology Indicators Initiative, Washington D.C. August 2006

7. Research Intensity in Public Agricultural R&D in Selected CWANA Countries (Agricultural R&D spending for $100 of Ag GDP) 0.80 2000 Global 2.36 2000 Developed world 0.53 2000 Developing world 0.66 2000 CWANA Region 0.92 2001 Mauritania 0.95 2002 Morocco 1.04 2002 Tunisia 0.17 2000 Sudan 1.70 2000 Eritrea 0.43 2000 Ethiopia 0.53 2003 Syria 2.83 2003 Jordan Research Intensity ($) Year of Data Country

8. Educational Attainment of Researchers for Selected CWANA Countries 1 3 3 17 47 36 2000 Mauritania 14 18 28 34 55 11 2002 Morocco 20 6 3 70 21 9 2002 Tunisia 17 26 6 33 46 21 2000 Sudan 0.2 1 2 5 36 59 2000 Eritrea 1 5 14 9 32 49 2000 Ethiopia 5 36 26 20 5 75 2003 Syria 5 17 19 33 28 39 2003 Jordan PhD MSc BSc PhD MSc BSc Year of data Country Share of Female (%) Education Attainment (%)

9. Composition of Ag Research Expenditures, in selected CWANA countries, 2002 (%) 00 (00) 100 (100) 8.1 (8.1) 91.9 (91.9) Mauritania a  00 (00) 100 (100) 36.4 (36.4) 63.6 (63.6) Morocco a 00 (00) 100 (100) 26.4 (26.9) 73.6 (73.1) Tunisia a 8.1 (1.4) 91.7 (98.6) 26.4 (28.4) 65.3 (70.2) Sudan 00 (00) 100 (100) 7.3 (28.9) 92.7 (71.1) Eritrea a 0.2 (0.3) 99.8 (99.7) 10.8 (10.8) 88.9 (89.0) Ethiopia 0.7 (0.4) 99.3 (99.6) 15.8 (15.9) 83.4 (83.6) Syria 6.4 (3.4) 93.6 (96.6) 47.7 (38.1) 45.8 (58.5) Jordan Total Higher Education Research Institutions Country Private Enterprises Public Agencies

11. Grain gap in 30 CWANA countries (excluding Turkey and Kazakhstan) Source: World Bank 1993 Major Challenges of Dry Areas

14. 2002 Research Priority: Criteria and Weights (%) Attached in Identifying Priorities 13 21 16 15 35 Total (CWANA) 12 17 19 15 39 Egypt 10 20 20 50 Libya 10 20 30 20 20 Morocco 16 20 14 19 31 Sudan Contribution to Develop. Food Security Resource Conserv. Poverty Alleviation Productivity Country

15. 2002 Research Priority Setting: Importance of Agro-ecologies 49 19 32 Forest 7 29 64 Rangelands 39 10 51 Irrigated 8 7 85 Drylands Low Moderate High Importance (%) Agro-ecologies

18. High Increases in Food prices Source: Data from FAO 2008 and IMF 2008 . Commodity prices (US$/ton) New trend?

19. Increased Food Prices: World Bank Weighted Index of Commodity Prices 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 (March) FERTILIZER FOOD GRAINS ENERGY

20. World Grain Balance: Consumption Exceeds Production Source: USDA

21. Productivity Growth is Declining: Potential for Increased Food Prices Source: World Development Report 2008.

22. ICARDA Vision Improved livelihoods of the resource-poor in the dry areas

23. ICARDA’s Major Research Programs Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management Integrated Water and Land Management Diversification and Sustainable Intensification of Production Systems Social, Economic and Policy Research

24. ICARDA’s Research Programs, the Millennium Development Goals and CGIAR Priorities

33. Thank You for Your Attention