Kanban is a method for visualizing and limiting work in progress to help work flow more smoothly. The document discusses how a team was already working in 2 week iterations but experiencing problems with focus, mistakes, and issues by opening all stories and jumping between them without limits. By applying Kanban principles like limiting work in progress, the team saw much better focus, flow, fewer issues, and was able to enable pairing and conversations. The team revisits the work in progress limit at each retrospective to continuously improve.