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Modal verbs
of
deduction
can
can’t
could

will /
won’t
would

shall

may

must

should

might

-
Is Sally at home now?
we use indicative tenses
to say what we know
I know

Sally is at home now.
we use modals when we
suppose, deduce, imagine
I suppose

Sally must be at home now.
the choice of modal verb says
how certain we are
Sally

must
will
may
might
won’t
can’t

be at home now.
Sally

must
will
may
might
won’t
can’t

I’m convinced
(even if I don’t
know)

be at home now.
I suppose

Sally

must
will
may
might
won’t
can’t

be at home now.
it’s possible

Sally

must
will
may
might
won’t
can’t

be at home now.
Sally

must
will
may
might
won’t
can’t

c.f. modal verbs
of possibility
(last lesson)

be at home now.
I suppose she
isn’t

Sally

must
will
may
might
won’t
can’t

be at home now.
Sally

must
will
may
might
won’t
can’t

I’m sure she isn’t
(even if I don’t
know)

be at home now.
notice the opposites
Sally must be at home now.
Sally can’t be at home now.
Sally will be at home now.
Sally won’t be at home now.
1. when we don’t know
They

may
might

have lost my letter.
it’s possible that
they have lost my
letter

They

may
might

have lost my letter.
‘may’ and ‘might’
mean the same

They

may
might

have lost my letter.

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