AI+A11Y 11MAY2024 HYDERBAD GAAD 2024 - HelloA11Y (11 May 2024)
IMPACT OF IT IN CIVIL ENGINEERING
1. Impact of Information Technology in the field of Civil Engineering KULBIR SINGH GILL ASSOCIATE PROF. GNDEC,LUDHIANA
2. BRIEF In this paper the current use of information technology (IT) in the Civil Engineering is examined. An overview is given of software available to Civil Engineers for different types of activities and its uses.
3. Impact of Information Technology in the field of Civil Engineering What is the need for IT in Civil Engineering? How does IT help in Design & Modeling? What is the role of IT in Surveying? How does IT help in Project Management? How can IT help in maintenance?
4. What is the need for IT in Civil Engineering ? Civil Engineering has a multi-physics character. It is very complex due to modeling uncertainties and variations of data, etc. Instabilities in both the physical problem and in numerical analysis procedures are real problems to overcome. The accuracy required in the analysis & interpretation of field data by conventional methods have found to be wanting in various respects. Traditional hand methods generally do not verify the correctness of the model, soundness of the design concept in a timely manner.
5. THEREFORE ! By taking advantage of the speed of computer analysis, the engineer can explore a greater number of design options in a short period of time. It allows an engineer to make immediate comparisons and see the impact of each decision. We can go through the design process many more times than was previously possible. We can develop structural behaviour from a single project rather than having to await the accumulative experience of several projects.
6. How does IT help in Design & Modeling ? IT can help engineers to produce better designs that are almost impossible to produce manually. The biggest contribution of computers to the design process is soft prototyping - the process of creating a 3D computer model of a design that can be subjected to computer-based testing.
7. CAD CAD systems permit the rapid generation of models of proposed designs as wire-frames and define each part of the frame. From the dimensions of the components, the computer will calculate :- volumes weights for different materials center of gravity moments of inertia radii of gyration stresses
8. CAD MODEL
9. AutoCAD AutoCAD is an interactive drawing system designed to permit a user to construct or edit a drawing on a graphics display screen. We can design realistic, accurate, two-dimensional drawings and three-dimensional models. AutoCAD is used in field of architecturaland mechanical designing, mapping and 3D modeling. It automaticallydefines dimensions simply by picking endpoints, angles, radii or diameters.
10. Autodesk Architectural Desktop. Designing with lines, arcs, and circles will get you where you want to go. But architectural objects can get you there even faster. This software’s intelligent architectural objects-such as stairs, curtain walls, and roofs-behave according to real-world properties, so they automatically update whenever you make a design change !
11. 3D Visualization & Animation Techniques This module provides a variety of visual techniques, such as digital images, 3D graphics, and animation. Several frames in series are displayed in a rapid succession, which creates the illusion of movement of a structure.
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13. What is the role of IT in Surveying ? Problems faced :- Unfavourable sites- It often happens that an engineering project such as a dam, tunnel, highway, etc have to be placed on a site which is not favourable. Surroundings- engineers should have proper knowledge of the site conditions and surroundings . Topography- the preparation of topographic base maps,showingelevation contours for which surveys are carried out, in difficult terrain using equipments is made . Heavy equipments- the equipments that are not only tedious to use but also cumbersome and difficult to carry on high and low land forms .
14. BUT With the advent of IT sector several softwares have helped to carry out these surveying works and finalizing the site or alignment with more comfort such as aerial surveys, satellite imageries, etc.
15. Geographical Information System GIS is a "computer system for capturing, managing, integrating, manipulating, analysing and displaying data which is spatially referenced to the Earth.” Its objectives are :- Finding suitable locations that have the relevant attributes. For example, finding a suitable location where an airport, a commercial forest or a retail outlet can be established. Querying the geographical attributes of a specified location. For example, examining the roads in a particular locality, to check road density or find the shortest path, and so on.
17. Remote Sensing Remote sensing is the study of phenomenon sensed from air or satellites. The use of remote sensing provides engineers with an opportunity to interpret data as seen from space. This facility is particularly useful in surveying very large areas at relatively little cost. It is widely used in such locations as the arctic zones, deserts, forested areas, marshlands and mountainous regions.
18. How does IT help in Project Management ? It helps in understanding of the theory and techniques associated with computer-based planning, analysis and control. It helps in- practical orientation construction project-planning, management and control, time-money analysis standard quantitative and qualitative techniques.
19. PRIMAVERA PRIMAVERA : Personalized Retrieval and Indexing of Media Assets in Virtual Environments for Real-time Access – It is the guide to professional management of business repository and of management applications.
20. The PRIMA VERA system comprises: Project Management Dissemination of results, conversation with other projects, and standardization Exploitation of the project results General system design, specification of the interfaces, and system integration Development of Advanced indexing and retrieval techniques Development of User Profile generation and management Development of new User interfaces and visual interaction paradigms
21. How can IT help in maintenance ? Information Technology has also found applications in post commission period of the project. IT can provide easy access to various statistics, drawing & various other data concerning the project. Self check toolscan identify the problems in various systems like fire fighting, air conditioning & can automatically inform concerned service provider. IT can also help in prompt reporting of problem & its rectification.
22. Finally , it is argued that IT can readily be used by civil engineers given the low capital investment levels required and the benefits to be gained, the only requirement being- the need for investment in IT education among the civil engineers & recognition of the enormous potential lying beneath.
