Role Of Transgenic Animal In Target Validation-1.pptx
E learn 2009 vancouver_oct28
1. Mobile Learning for Open and
Distance Learning:
Opportunities and Challenges
Zoraini Wati Abas, Ed.D.
Director
Institute of Quality, Research & Innovation
Open University Malaysia
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
1 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
2. After a decade of mad human scrambling
to attempt to understand
e-learning and blended learning,
we now are confronted with mobile or m-learning,
and ubiquitous or u-learning.
Curtis Bonk (2009)
2 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
3. Mobile Possibilities Opportunities
Learning for ODL &
Challenges:
A Case
Study
3 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
4. 4
http://newlearningplaybook.com/blog/wp-
content/uploads/2008/08/text-message-cartoon.gif
eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas
26-30 October 2009
SUITM
5. 2000 -
1990s
1980s
5 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
6. Mobile Scenario in Malaysia
26 million
population in 28.9 million
Malaysia mobile phone
subscribers
Source:
Malaysian Communications and Multimedia Commission, 2009
http://www.skmm.gov.my/facts_figures/stats/index.asp
6 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
8. The driving
forces in today’s
world of mobile Mobile
learning devices
Infrastructur
e
(Broadband &
Wireless)
New e-Learning
8 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
9. Generation Y Learners
Net Gen
Baby (Digital Natives/
Source: http://www.slideshare.net/gskeesee/learning-theories-341414
Millennials)
Boomers Generation X
1981-99
1946-64 1965-80 (10-28 yrs old)
TV generation • Video games • Web
Typewriters • PC • Cell phone
• Email • IM
Telephone
• CDs • MP3s
Memos
• Individualist • Online
Family focus communities
9 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
10. Current Scenario
Portability/Mobility Ubiquitous
Smaller
Broadband
devices
More
Wireless
powerful
Increasingly
affordable
10 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
15. eLearning
2.0
From David Wiley’s keynote at eLearn 2008, “Openness and the
eLearning
Characteristics of E-learning
Analog or Digital
Tethered or Mobile
Disaggregated Future of Education”
Isolated or Connected
Generic or Personal
Consumption or Creating
Closed or Open
15 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
16. Adapted from David Wiley’s keynote at eLearn 2008, “Openness and
eLearning
2.0
eLearning
E-learning 2.0
Analog or Digital
the Disaggregated Future of Education”
Tethered or Mobile
Isolated or Connected
Generic or Personal
Consumption or Creating
Closed or Open
16 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
25. Different kind
Peer2Peer University of
http://www.p2pu.org/
$70,000 seed grant from the Hewlett
universities
Foundation to launch its first 10 pilot courses. (in the future)
Opened for enrolment on 9-09-09
http://www.uopeople.org/
Computer and Business Programs
Dr. Russell S. Winer
“The University of the People
is an idea whose time has
come".
25 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
26. 26 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
27. Transform Learning
from Push to Pull
Adapted from:
Morrison(2003). E-
Learning strategies: How
to get implementation and
delivery right the first time.
Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley
27 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
28. Put learning into the
hands of learners
Change the way we
assess learning
28 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
29. 29 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
30. 30 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
32. Mobile learning works best when we . . .
need to push content to
learners
want learners to pull content
need to manage the learning
process
wish to support interactive
learning
32 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
33. Push-Pull Model of Blended Learning
F2F
Push/Pull
Learning
Push/Pull
Learners
Print-
New e-
based
Learning
Learning
Push/Pull
Institution
33 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
34. The advantages and benefits?
http://corpu.com/weekly/article/mobile-learning/
If you have a team filled with the younger
generation (Gen Y), m-learning is
likely to be welcomed with open
arms . . . . we are used to getting
information via cell phones and
iPods, and are accustomed to
accessing what we need when
we need it.
With its real
time format and
flexibility, m-learning is just too
good to be true for us!
34 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
36. Milestones
October-December Jan 2009 May 2009
August 2008 2008 Sept 2009
(OUMH1103) (OUMH1103)
• Mobile • Survey to • Podcastin • SMS • Three courses
learning determine g • Facebook • Improve blend
team set learner’s • mLearn • Twitter of m-
up readiness portal learning/e-
• mLearn
for mobile learning, f2f
portal
learning tutorial & print
• Learner
module
“buy-in”
• Implementatio
• SME “buy-
nto start with
in”
tutor “buy-in”
36 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
37. Analysis of Learner Readiness for
Mobile Learning at OUM
37 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
38. Gender
38 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
39. Age group
44 percent 42.5 percent
30
25
20
Percent
15
28.36
27.09
10
16.86
14.18 13.51
39 5 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
40. Do you have a mobile phone?
40 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
41. Can you imagine yourself as the learner
in the above scenario?
41 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
42. Are OUM learners ready for mobile
learning?
N = 2,837 (end 2008)
Yes No
(82%) (18%)
“Can you imagine yourself as the learner
in the above scenario?”
42 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
43. I would like to receive the following forms of learning
content through my mobile device:
100
I would like to receive the following forms of
90
80
learning content through my mobile device:
70
percent
60 54
48.7
50
41.1 39.7 39.3
40 37.3 37.6
30
20 15.5
10
0
43 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
44. What type of courses would you like to receive through
m-learning?
60 What type of courses would you like to
52.9
50
receive through m-learning?
40
percent
30
20
14.7
9.4 8.3
10
2.9 4.1
0
Science
Technology
Other
Mathematics
Social Science
OUMH courses
Information
44 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
46. Mobile Learning Content Creation Worskhop
(SMS content) 25 April 2009
26-30 October 2009 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 46
47. Mobile learning – OUMH1103
(sms & podcasts)
Forum, content, Tips, Motivatio
n, Course Management via SMS
SMSes received by OUMH1103
1863 learners & 74 tutors
SMSes planned for the May
semester in advance were sent
to tutors
47 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
48. Mobile learning – OUMH1103
(sms & podcasts)
2-3 SMS per week
Sent around 8pm on week days
Learners reminded (through
tutors, & facebook) to update
their mobile
Update their user profile in myLMS
Call IQRI
Email mlearn@oum.edu.my
Pass mobile number to tutors
48 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
49. Latest Info
Mobile learning – OUMH1103
(sms & podcasts)
Podcasts avaliable at
http://mlearn.oum.edu.my
Facebook community
http://www.facebook.com/home.
php?ref=home#/pages/Kuala-
Lumpur-Malaysia/OUM-Mobile-
Learning
http://twitter.com/oumh1103 for
“archive” of SMS
49 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
50. Categories of SMS and Examples
Category Example
Content There are 4 pairs of learning styles: Active/Reflective;
15 Sensing/Intuitive; Visual/Verbal; Sequential/Global.
Which is yours? See Appendix 1.1
Course Hi there! Warm greetings from OUM Mobile Learning
Managemen Team. For your info, you may view previous SMSes
t online at http://twitter.com/oumh1103
6
Forum What are the strategies & advantages of OUM blended
4 learning modes? Discuss in myLMS forum.
Tips Do you know you can change your password in
4 myLMS? Try or ask your tutor
Motivation Motivation Quote: “The man who can drive himself
2 further once the effort gets painful is the man who will
Total = 31 SMS win” by Roger Bannister
50 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
51. Formative Evaluation
(mid May 2009 semester)
51 learners Generally receptive
12 tutors Feelings about SMS
6 learning centres Actions upon receiving
SMS
Timing and frequency
Usefulness of the SMS
Abas, Lim & Woo (2009). Mobile learning initiative through SMS:
A formative evaluation, ASEAN J. Open Distance
Learning, 1(1)
51 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
52. Formative Evaluation
Source: Abas, Z.W., Lim, T. & Woo. T.K.
(2009). Mobile learning initiative through
(mid May 2009 semester)
SMS:
A formative evaluation, ASEAN J. Open
Distance Learning, 1(1), 49-58.
Actions
Feelings upon Timing and Usefulness
about SMS receiving Frequency of the SMS
SMS
Waktu malam
memang tak sesuai . . When I receive it in the
. Sebelum 10 mlm morning, it sort of helps
Termenung sekejap
Saya gembira terima okay me to plan for the
SMS tapi tak boleh evening
reply
If it’s beneficial why
not every day?
I got a flood of students
Kita rasa kita ni so
coming into the forum . .
special
.
It’s mechanical if
frequency is set at
If on forum, wait til got two times or three
U rasa OUM beri time times a week. Should For me this system
perhatian, saya rasa have more frequent should be continued . . .
dihargai, saya suka discussions nearer SMS is important for me
terima SMS the exam
52 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
54. 54 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
55. 55 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
56. Source: Abas, Z.W., Lim, T., Harvinder Kaur, Wei, W.S. (2009). Design and implementation of mobi
Summative Evaluation - 712 learners
(end May 2009 semester)
at Open University Malaysia. Paper submitted to the SEAAIR 2009 conference.
100
90
2.2
80
Avearage % Agreement
3.1
70 Disagree & Strongly
Disagree
60
49.4 47.7 Agree
50
40
Srongly Agree
30
20
35.5 26.6
10
0
Uselfulness Motivation
Learners’ Perception of Usefulness and Motivation
56 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
57. Source: Abas, Z.W., Lim, T., Harvinder Kaur, Wei, W.S. (2009). Design and implementation of mobi
Summative Evaluation - 712 learners
(end May 2009 semester)
at Open University Malaysia. Paper submitted to the SEAAIR 2009 conference.
90
Average % Agreement
80
4.6 4.9 3.5
70
6.3
60
50
44.2 52.5 49.5 52.4
40
30
20
10 12.3 15.3 14.4 25.5
0
n
t
Disagree & Strongly
ps
t
en
en
t io
Ti
m
nt
iva
Disagree
e
Co
ag
ot
Agree
M
an
M
se
Strongly Agree
ur
Co
Perceived Effectiveness of the Various SMS
Categories
57 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
58. From a student’s email . . .
You guys made a great difference by
Email received on 3 Aug 2009 alerting we distance learners with
questions & statements, keeping up all
along the ODL module &
tutorials, encouraging our learning. Our
“lecturer,” helped and encouraged us to
respond to the messages you guys
posted, by creating a specific section in
the forum for discussions of SMS’s.
I strongly believe that this mode of on the
move, two-way communicative learning
methodology will be very beneficial and
help to complement, the self-learning, the
face to face tutorial and on-line learning.
58 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
59. Mobile learning at OUM is like having a/an:
alarm clock that tells the
learner when to study
coach who tells the learner
what to
study, motivate, engage and
keep the learner on track
personal assistant to
remind the learner of
important dates and things to
do
59
Tutor in the eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
pocket
60. The Future
SMS
60 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
61. The When and What of M-
Learning
Productive use of time that would
have otherwise been wasted
while
waiting, traveling, exercising, etc.
Viewing, listening, interacting to a
wide range of content and being
reminded of important tasks and
events via mobile/hand-held
devices.
61 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
62. Future
Anytime/Anywhere
Learning
Learning on the go
Push-Pull learning
(the future)
Current
Tutor in the
Pocket
..
.teaches, manag
es, guides, remi
nds and
motivates the
learner
Mobile Learning
at OUM
62 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009
63. On the web:
zoraini@oum.edu.my
zoraini@gmail.com
http://research-
zwa.blogspot.com/
http://eyeonlearning.blo
gspot.com/
http://twitter.com/zoraini
http://www.facebook.co
m/zoraini
Thank You
IM: zwabas@ymail.com
http://www.slideshare.net/zoraini/ici9keynot
e-zwa-aug13-2009
63 eLearn-Zoraini Wati Abas 26-30 October 2009