person introduction

1. Steve Jobs
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Steve Jobs
§
Jobs holding a white iPhone 4§ at Worldwide Developers Conference§
2010
Born Steven Paul Jobs
February 24, 1955 [1]
San Francisco, California§, U.S.[1]
Residence Palo Alto, California, U.S.[2]
Nationality American
Alma mater§ Reed College§(dropped out in 1972)
Occupation Chairman§and CEO§, Apple Inc.§[3]
Salary $§1[4][5][6][7]
Net worth $8.3 billion (2011)[8]
Board member of The Walt Disney Company§[9]
Religion Buddhism§[10]
Spouse Laurene Powell§(1991–present)
Children 4
Signature
Steven Paul "Steve" Jobs (born February 24, 1955) is an American business magnate§ and
inventor§. He is the co-founder§ and chief executive officer§ of Apple Inc.§ Jobs also previously
served as chief executive of Pixar Animation Studios§; he became a member of the board of
directors of The Walt Disney Company§ in 2006, following the acquisition of Pixar by Disney. He
was credited in the 1995 movie Toy Story§ as an executive producer§.[11]
In the late 1970s, Jobs, with Apple co-founder Steve Wozniak§, Mike Markkula§,[12] and others,
designed, developed, and marketed one of the first commercially successful lines of personal
computers, the Apple II series§. In the early 1980s, Jobs was among the first to see the
commercial§ potential of the mouse§-driven graphical user interface§ which led to the creation of

2. the Macintosh§.[13][14] After losing a power struggle with the board of directors in 1984,[15][16]
Jobs resigned from Apple and founded NeXT§, a computer platform§ development company
specializing in the higher education and business markets. Apple's subsequent 1996 buyout§ of
NeXT brought Jobs back to the company he co-founded, and he has served as its CEO§ since
1997.
In 1986, he acquired the computer graphics division of Lucasfilm Ltd§ which was spun off as
Pixar Animation Studios§.[17] He remained CEO§ and majority shareholder at 50.1% until its
acquisition by The Walt Disney company§ in 2006.[3] Consequently Jobs became Disney's largest
individual shareholder at 7% and a member of Disney's Board of Directors§.[18][19][20][21]
Jobs' history in business has contributed much to the symbolic image of the idiosyncratic,
individualistic Silicon Valley§ entrepreneur, emphasizing the importance of design and
understanding the crucial role aesthetics play in public appeal. His work driving forward the
development of products that are both functional and elegant has earned him a devoted following.
[22]

3. Contents
C 1 Early years§
2 Career§
12.1 Beginnings of Apple Computer§
22.2 NeXT Computer§
32.3 Pixar and Disney§
42.4 Return to Apple§
3 Business life§
53.1 Wealth§
63.2 Stock options backdating issue§
73.3 Management style§
83.4 Inventions§
4 Personal life§
94.1 Health concerns§
§ 5 Honors§
§ 6 In popular culture§
§ 7 See also§
§ 8 Notes§
§ 9 References§
10 External links§
110.1 Articles§
210.2 Interviews§
Early years§
Steve Jobs at the WWDC 07

4. Jobs was born in San Francisco, California§[1] and was adopted by Paul and Clara Jobs (née§
Hagopian)[23] of Mountain View, California§, who named him Steven Paul. Paul and Clara later
adopted a daughter, who they named Patti. Jobs' biological parents — Abdulfattah Jandali, a
Syrian§[24] graduate student who later became a political science professor,[25] and Joanne
Simpson, an American graduate student[24] who went on to become a speech language
pathologist§[26] — later married, giving birth to and raising Jobs' biological sister, the novelist
Mona Simpson§.[27][28][29][30][31][32]
Jobs attended Cupertino Junior High School and Homestead High School§ in Cupertino,
California§,[22] and frequented after-school lectures at the Hewlett-Packard Company§ in Palo
Alto, California§. He was soon hired there and worked with Steve Wozniak§ as a summer
employee.[33] In 1972, Jobs graduated from high school and enrolled in Reed College§ in
Portland, Oregon§. Although he dropped out§ after only one semester,[34] he continued auditing§
classes at Reed, such as one in calligraphy§, while sleeping on the floor in friends' rooms,
returning Coke§ bottles for food money, and getting weekly free meals at the local Hare Krishna§
temple.[16] Jobs later stated, "If I had never dropped in on that single course in college, the Mac
would have never had multiple typefaces§ or proportionally spaced fonts."[16]
In the autumn of 1974, Jobs returned to California and began attending meetings of the Homebrew
Computer Club§ with Wozniak. He took a job as a technician at Atari§, a manufacturer of popular
video games§, with the primary intent of saving money for a spiritual retreat to India.
Jobs then traveled to India with a Reed College friend (and, later, the first Apple employee),
Daniel Kottke§, in search of spiritual enlightenment. He came back a Buddhist§ with his head
shaved and wearing traditional Indian clothing.[35][36] During this time, Jobs experimented with
psychedelics§, calling his LSD§ experiences "one of the two or three most important things [he
had] done in [his] life".[37] He has stated that people around him who did not share his
countercultural roots could not fully relate to his thinking.[37]
Jobs returned to his previous job at Atari and was given the task of creating a circuit board§ for the
game Breakout§. According to Atari founder Nolan Bushnell§, Atari had offered US$§100 for
each chip that was eliminated in the machine. Jobs had little interest or knowledge in circuit board
design and made a deal with Wozniak to split the bonus evenly between them if Wozniak could
minimize the number of chips. Much to the amazement of Atari, Wozniak reduced the number of
chips by 50, a design so tight that it was impossible to reproduce on an assembly line. At the time,
Jobs told Wozniak that Atari had only given them $700 (instead of the actual $5000) and that
Wozniak's share was thus $350.[38][39][40][41][42][43]
Career
Beginnings of Apple Computer
See also: History of Apple§

5. §
Steve Jobs and Bill Gates§ at the fifth D: All Things Digital conference (D5) in 2007.
In 1976, Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak§ and Ronald Wayne§,[44] with later funding from a then-
semi-retired Intel product-marketing manager and engineer A.C. "Mike" Markkula Jr.§,[12]
founded Apple. Prior to co-founding Apple, Wozniak was an electronics hacker. Jobs and Wozniak
had been friends for several years, having met in 1971, when their mutual friend, Bill Fernandez,
introduced 21-year-old Wozniak to 16-year-old Jobs. Steve Jobs managed to interest Wozniak in
assembling a computer and selling it. As Apple continued to expand, the company began looking
for an experienced executive to help manage its expansion.
In 1978, Apple recruited Mike Scott§ from National Semiconductor§ to serve as CEO for what
turned out to be several turbulent years. In 1983, Steve Jobs lured John Sculley§ away from Pepsi-
Cola§ to serve as Apple's CEO, asking, "Do you want to sell sugar water for the rest of your life,
or do you want to come with me and change the world?"[45][46] The following year, Apple aired
a Super Bowl§ television commercial titled "1984§." At Apple's annual shareholders meeting on
January 24, 1984, an emotional Jobs introduced the Macintosh§ to a wildly enthusiastic audience;
Andy Hertzfeld§ described the scene as "pandemonium."[47] The Macintosh became the first
commercially successful small computer with a graphical user interface§. The development of the
Mac was started by Jef Raskin§, and eventually taken over by Jobs.
While Jobs was a persuasive and charismatic director for Apple, some of his employees from that
time had described him as an erratic and temperamental manager. An industry-wide sales slump
towards the end of 1984 caused a deterioration in Jobs's working relationship with Sculley, and at
the end of May 1985 – following an internal power struggle and an announcement of significant
layoffs – Sculley relieved Jobs of his duties as head of the Macintosh division.[48]
NeXT Computer
See also: NeXT§
Around the same time, Jobs founded another computer company, NeXT Computer§. Like the
Apple Lisa§, the NeXT workstation was technologically advanced; however, it was largely
dismissed by industry as cost-prohibitive. Among those who could afford it, however, the NeXT
workstation garnered a strong following because of its technical strengths, chief among them its
object-oriented§ software development system. Jobs marketed NeXT products to the scientific and

6. academic fields because of the innovative, experimental new technologies it incorporated (such as
the Mach kernel§, the digital signal processor§ chip, and the built-in Ethernet§ port).
The NeXTcube§ was described by Jobs as an "interpersonal" computer, which he believed was the
next step after "personal" computing. That is, if computers could allow people to communicate
and collaborate together in an easy way, it would solve many of the problems that "personal"
computing had come up against.
"1990 CERN: A Joint proposal for a hypertext system is presented to the management. Mike
Sendall buys a NeXT cube for evaluation, and gives it to Tim [Berners-Lee]. Tim's prototype
implementation on NeXTStep is made in the space of a few months, thanks to the qualities of the
NeXTStep software development system. This prototype offers WYSIWYG browsing/authoring!
Current Web browsers used in "surfing the Internet" are mere passive windows, depriving the user
of the possibility to contribute. During some sessions in the CERN cafeteria, Tim and I try to find
a catching name for the system. I was determined that the name should not yet again be taken
from Greek mythology. Tim proposes "World-Wide Web". I like this very much, except that it is
difficult to pronounce in French..." by Robert Cailliau, 2 November 1995. [49]
During a time when e-mail for most people was plain text, Jobs loved to demo the NeXT's e-mail
system, NeXTMail§, as an example of his "interpersonal" philosophy. NeXTMail was one of the
first to support universally visible, clickable embedded graphics and audio within e-mail. Jobs ran
NeXT with an obsession for aesthetic perfection, as evidenced by such things as the NeXTcube's
magnesium case. This put considerable strain on NeXT's hardware division, and in 1993, after
having sold only 50,000 machines, NeXT transitioned fully to software development with the
release of NeXTSTEP§/Intel§.
Pixar and Disney
In 1986, Jobs bought The Graphics Group (later renamed Pixar§) from Lucasfilm§'s computer
graphics division for the price of $10 million, $5 million of which was given to the company as
capital.[50]
The new company, which was originally based at Lucasfilm§'s Kerner Studios in San Rafael,
California§, but has since relocated to Emeryville, California§, was initially intended to be a high-
end graphics hardware developer. After years of unprofitability selling the Pixar Image
Computer§, it contracted with Disney to produce a number of computer-animated feature films,
which Disney would co-finance and distribute.
The first film produced by the partnership, Toy Story§, brought fame and critical acclaim to the
studio when it was released in 1995. Over the next ten plus years, under Pixar's creative chief John
Lasseter§, the company would produce the box-office hits A Bug's Life§ (1998), Toy Story 2§
(1999), Monsters, Inc.§ (2001), Finding Nemo§ (2003), The Incredibles§ (2004), Cars§ (2006),
Ratatouille§ (2007), WALL-E§ (2008), Up§ (2009) and Toy Story 3§ (2010). Finding Nemo, The
Incredibles, Ratatouille, WALL-E, Up and Toy Story 3 each received the Academy Award for Best

7. Animated Feature§, an award introduced in 2001.
In the years 2003 and 2004, as Pixar's contract with Disney was running out, Jobs and Disney
chief executive Michael Eisner§ tried but failed to negotiate a new partnership,[51] and in early
2004 Jobs announced that Pixar would seek a new partner to distribute its films once its contract
with Disney expired.
In October 2005, Bob Iger§ replaced Eisner at Disney, and Iger quickly worked to patch up
relations with Jobs and Pixar. On January 24, 2006, Jobs and Iger announced that Disney had
agreed to purchase Pixar in an all-stock transaction worth $7.4 billion. Once the deal closed, Jobs
became The Walt Disney Company§'s largest single shareholder with approximately 7% of the
company's stock.[18] Jobs's holdings in Disney far exceed those of Eisner, who holds 1.7%, and
Disney family member Roy E. Disney§, who held about 1% of the company's stock and whose
criticisms of Eisner included the soured Pixar relationship and accelerated his ousting. Jobs joined
the company's board of directors upon completion of the merger.
Wikinews has related news: Disney buys Pixar§
Jobs also helps oversee Disney and Pixar's combined animation businesses with a seat on a special
six-man steering committee.
Return to Apple
§
Jobs on stage at Macworld Conference & Expo§, San Francisco, January 11, 2005.

8. See also: "1998–2005: Return to profitability" in Apple Inc.§
In 1996, Apple announced that it would buy NeXT§ for $429 million. The deal was finalized in
late 1996,[52] bringing Jobs back to the company he had co-founded. He soon became Apple's
interim CEO after the directors lost confidence in and ousted then-CEO Gil Amelio§ in a
boardroom coup§. In March 1998, to concentrate Apple's efforts on returning to profitability, Jobs
immediately terminated a number of projects such as Newton§, Cyberdog§, and OpenDoc§. In the
coming months, many employees developed a fear of encountering Jobs while riding in the
elevator, "afraid that they might not have a job when the doors opened. The reality was that Jobs'
summary executions were rare, but a handful of victims was enough to terrorize a whole
company."[53] Jobs also changed the licensing program for Macintosh clones§, making it too
costly for the manufacturers to continue making machines.
With the purchase of NeXT, much of the company's technology found its way into Apple products,
most notably NeXTSTEP§, which evolved into Mac OS X§. Under Jobs's guidance the company
increased sales significantly with the introduction of the iMac§ and other new products; since
then, appealing designs and powerful branding have worked well for Apple. At the 2000
Macworld Expo, Jobs officially dropped the "interim" modifier from his title at Apple and became
permanent CEO. Jobs quipped at the time that he would be using the title 'iCEO.'[54]
In recent years, the company has branched out, introducing and improving upon other digital
appliances. With the introduction of the iPod§ portable music player, iTunes digital music
software, and the iTunes Store§, the company made forays into consumer electronics and music
distribution. In 2007, Apple entered the cellular phone business with the introduction of the
iPhone§, a multi-touch§ display cell phone, which also included the features of an iPod and, with
its own mobile browser, revolutionized the mobile browsing scene. While stimulating innovation,
Jobs also reminds his employees that "real artists ship",[55] by which he means that delivering
working products on time is as important as innovation and attractive design.
Jobs is both admired and criticized for his consummate skill at persuasion and salesmanship,
which has been dubbed the "reality distortion field§" and is particularly evident during his keynote
speeches (colloquially known as "Stevenotes§") at Macworld Expos§ and at Apple's own World
Wide Developers Conferences.
In 2005, Jobs responded to criticism of Apple's poor recycling programs for e-waste§ in the U.S.
by lashing out at environmental and other advocates at Apple's Annual Meeting in Cupertino in
April. However, a few weeks later, Apple announced it would take back iPods for free at its retail
stores. The Computer TakeBack Campaign§ responded by flying a banner from a plane over the
Stanford University graduation at which Jobs was the commencement speaker.[16] The banner
read "Steve — Don't be a mini-player recycle all e-waste". In 2006, he further expanded Apple's
recycling programs to any U.S. customer who buys a new Mac. This program includes shipping
and "environmentally friendly disposal" of their old systems.[56]

9. Business life
Wealth
As of October 2009, Jobs owned 5.426 million shares of Apple, most of which was granted in
2003 when Jobs was given 10 million shares. He also owned 138 million shares of Disney, which
he had received in exchange for Disney's acquisition of Pixar.[57] Forbes§ estimated his net
wealth at $5.1 billion in 2009, making him the 43rd wealthiest American.[58] After Bloomberg
had accidentally published Jobs' obituary in 2008, Arik Hesseldahl of BusinessWeek magazine
noted that "Jobs isn’t widely known for his association with philanthropic causes", compared to
Bill Gates§' efforts.[59] After resuming control of Apple in 1997, Jobs eliminated all corporate
philanthropy programs.[60]
Stock options backdating issue
In 2001, Steve Jobs was granted stock options in the amount of 7.5 million shares of Apple with
an exercise price of $18.30, which allegedly should have been $21.10, thereby incurring taxable
income of $20,000,000 that he did not report as income. This indicated backdating§. Apple
overstated its earnings by that same amount. If found liable, Jobs might have faced a number of
criminal charges and civil penalties. Apple claimed that the options were originally granted at a
special board meeting that may never have taken place. Furthermore, the investigation is focusing
on false dating of the options resulting in a retroactive $20 million increase in the exercise price.
The case is the subject of active criminal and civil government investigations,[61] though an
independent internal Apple investigation completed on December 29, 2006, found that Jobs was
unaware of these issues and that the options granted to him were returned without being exercised
in 2003.[62] On July 1, 2008, a $7 billion class action suit was filed against several members of
the Apple Board of Directors for revenue lost due to the alleged securities fraud.[63][64]
Management style
Much has been made of Jobs' aggressive and demanding personality. Fortune§ wrote that he "is
considered one of Silicon Valley's leading egomaniacs§."[65] Commentaries on his temperamental
style can be found in Mike Moritz§'s The Little Kingdom§, one of the few authorized biographies
of Jobs; The Second Coming of Steve Jobs§, by Alan Deutschman; and iCon: Steve Jobs§, by
Jeffrey S. Young & William L. Simon.
Jef Raskin§, a former colleague, once said that Jobs "would have made an excellent king of
France," alluding to Jobs' compelling and larger-than-life persona.[66]
Jobs has always aspired to position Apple and its products at the forefront of the information
technology§ industry by foreseeing and setting trends, at least in innovation and style. He summed
up that self-concept at the end of his keynote speech at the Macworld Conference and Expo§ in
January 2007 by quoting ice hockey legend Wayne Gretzky§:[67]

10. There's an old Wayne Gretzky quote that I love. 'I skate to where the puck is going to be, not
where it has been.' And we've always tried to do that at Apple. Since the very very beginning. And
we always will.
—Steve Jobs
Floyd Norman§ said that at Pixar, Jobs was a "mature, mellow individual" and never interfered
with the creative process of the filmmakers.[68]
In 2005, Steve Jobs banned all books published by John Wiley & Sons§ from Apple Stores§ in
response to their publishing an unauthorized biography, iCon: Steve Jobs§.[69] In its 2010 annual
earnings report, Wiley said it had "closed a deal ... to make its titles available for the iPad."[70]
Inventions
Jobs is listed as either primary inventor or co-inventor in over 230 awarded patents or patent
applications related to a range of technologies from actual computer and portable devices to user
interfaces (including touch-based), speakers, keyboards, power adapters, staircases, clasps,
sleeves, lanyards and packages.[71][72]
Personal life
Jobs married Laurene Powell§, on March 18, 1991. Presiding over the wedding was the Zen
Buddhist§ monk Kobun Chino Otogawa§.[73] The couple have a son, Reed Paul Jobs,[74] and
two other children. Jobs also has a daughter, Lisa Brennan-Jobs§ (born 1978), from his
relationship with Bay Area painter Chrisann Brennan.[75] She briefly raised their daughter on
welfare when Jobs denied paternity, claiming that he was sterile; he later acknowledged paternity.
[75]
In the unauthorized biography§, The Second Coming of Steve Jobs§, author Alan Deutschman
reports that Jobs once dated Joan Baez§. Deutschman quotes Elizabeth Holmes, a friend of Jobs
from his time at Reed College, as saying she "believed that Steve became the lover of Joan Baez
in large measure because Baez had been the lover of Bob Dylan§." In another unauthorized
biography, iCon: Steve Jobs§ by Jeffrey S. Young & William L. Simon, the authors suggest that
Jobs might have married Baez, but her age at the time (41) meant it was unlikely the couple could
have children.
Jobs is also a Beatles§ fan. He has referenced them on more than one occasion at Keynotes and
also was interviewed on a showing of a Paul McCartney§ concert. When asked about his business
model§ on 60 Minutes§, he replied:[76]
My model for business is The Beatles: They were four guys that kept each other's negative
tendencies in check; they balanced each other. And the total was greater than the sum of the parts.
Great things in business are not done by one person, they are done by a team of people.

11. In 1982, Jobs bought an apartment in The San Remo§, an apartment building in New York City
with a politically progressive reputation, where Demi Moore§, Steven Spielberg§, Steve Martin§,
and Princess Yasmin Aga Khan§, daughter of Rita Hayworth§, also had apartments. With the help
of I.M. Pei§, Jobs spent years renovating his apartment in the top two floors of the building's north
tower, only to sell it almost two decades later to U2§ frontman Bono§. Jobs had never moved in.
[77][78]
In 1984, Jobs purchased a 17,000-square-foot (1,600 m2), 14 bedroom Spanish Colonial§
mansion, designed by George Washington Smith§ in Woodside, California§, also known as
Jackling House§. Although it reportedly remained in an almost unfurnished state, Jobs lived in the
mansion for almost ten years. According to reports, he kept an old BMW§ motorcycle in the living
room, and let Bill Clinton§ use it in 1998. Since the early 1990s, Jobs has lived in a house in the
Old Palo Alto neighborhood of Palo Alto. President Clinton dined with Jobs and 14 Silicon Valley
CEOs there August 7, 1996.[79]
He allowed the mansion to fall into a state of disrepair, planning to demolish the house and build a
smaller home on the property; but he met with complaints from local preservationists over his
plans. In June 2004, the Woodside Town Council gave Jobs approval to demolish the mansion, on
the condition that he advertise the property for a year to see if someone would move it to another
location and restore it. A number of people expressed interest, including several with experience in
restoring old property, but no agreements to that effect were reached. Later that same year, a local
preservationist group began seeking legal action to prevent demolition. In January 2007 Jobs was
denied the right to demolish the property, by a court decision.[80] The court decision was
overturned on appeal in March 2010 and the mansion was demolished beginning February
2011[81]
He usually wears a black long-sleeved mock turtleneck§ made by St. Croix§, Levi's§ 501 blue
jeans, and New Balance 991§ sneakers.[82] He is a pescetarian§.[83]
His choice of car is a silver 2006 Mercedes SL 55 AMG, which has no licence plates.[84][85]
Jobs had a public war of words with Dell Computer§ CEO Michael Dell§, starting when Jobs first
criticized Dell for making "un-innovative beige boxes."[86] On October 6, 1997, in a Gartner§
Symposium, when Michael Dell was asked what he would do if he owned then-troubled Apple
Computer, he said "I'd shut it down and give the money back to the shareholders."[87] In 2006,
Steve Jobs sent an email to all employees when Apple's market capitalization§ rose above Dell's.
The email read:[88]
Team, it turned out that Michael Dell wasn't perfect at predicting the future. Based on today's
stock market close, Apple is worth more than Dell. Stocks go up and down, and things may be
different tomorrow, but I thought it was worth a moment of reflection today. Steve.
Health concerns
In mid-2004, Jobs announced to his employees that he had been diagnosed with a cancerous

12. tumor§ in his pancreas§.[89] The prognosis for pancreatic cancer§ is usually very grim; Jobs,
however, stated that he had a rare, far less aggressive type known as islet cell§ neuroendocrine
tumor§.[89] After initially resisting the idea of conventional medical intervention and embarking
on a special diet to thwart the disease, Jobs underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy§ (or "Whipple
procedure") in July 2004 that appeared to successfully remove the tumor.[90][91] Jobs apparently
did not require nor receive chemotherapy§ or radiation therapy§.[89][92] During Jobs' absence,
Timothy D. Cook§, head of worldwide sales and operations at Apple, ran the company.[89]
§
Jobs at the 2008 Macworld Conference & Expo§.
In early August 2006, Jobs delivered the keynote for Apple's annual Worldwide Developers
Conference§. His "thin, almost gaunt" appearance and unusually "listless" delivery,[93][94]
together with his choice to delegate significant portions of his keynote to other presenters, inspired
a flurry of media and internet speculation about his health.[95] In contrast, according to an Ars
Technica§ journal report, WWDC§ attendees who saw Jobs in person said he "looked fine";[96]
following the keynote, an Apple spokesperson said that "Steve's health is robust."[97]
Two years later, similar concerns followed Jobs' 2008 WWDC keynote address;[98] Apple
officials stated Jobs was victim to a "common bug" and that he was taking antibiotics§,[99] while
others surmised his cachectic appearance§ was due to the Whipple procedure.[100] During a July
conference call discussing Apple earnings, participants responded to repeated questions about
Steve Jobs' health by insisting that it was a "private matter." Others, however, voiced the opinion
that shareholders had a right to know more, given Jobs' hands-on approach to running his
company.[101] The New York Times published an article based on an off-the-record§ phone
conversation with Jobs, noting that "while his health issues have amounted to a good deal more
than 'a common bug,' they weren’t life-threatening and he doesn’t have a recurrence of
cancer."[102]

13. On August 28, 2008, Bloomberg§ mistakenly§ published a 2500-word obituary§ of Jobs in its
corporate news service, containing blank spaces for his age and cause of death. (News carriers
customarily stockpile up-to-date obituaries to facilitate news delivery in the event of a well-known
figure's untimely death.) Although the error was promptly rectified, many news carriers and blogs
reported on it,[103][104][105] intensifying rumors concerning Jobs' health.[106] Jobs responded
at Apple's September 2008 Let's Rock keynote by quoting Mark Twain§: "Reports of my death are
greatly exaggerated";[107] at a subsequent media event, Jobs concluded his presentation with a
slide reading "110/70", referring to his blood pressure§, stating he would not address further
questions about his health.[108]
On December 16, 2008, Apple announced that marketing vice-president Phil Schiller§ would
deliver the company's final keynote address at the Macworld Conference and Expo§ 2009, again
reviving questions about Jobs' health.[109][110][111] In a statement given on January 5, 2009 on
Apple.com§,[112] Jobs said that he had been suffering from a "hormone§ imbalance" for several
months.[113] On January 14, 2009, in an internal Apple memo§, Jobs wrote that in the previous
week he had "learned that my health-related issues are more complex than I originally thought"
and announced a six-month leave of absence§ until the end of June 2009 to allow him to better
focus on his health. Tim Cook§, who had previously acted as CEO in Jobs' 2004 absence, became
acting CEO of Apple,[114] with Jobs still involved with "major strategic decisions."[114]
In April 2009, Jobs underwent a liver transplant§ at Methodist University Hospital Transplant
Institute in Memphis§, Tennessee§.[115][116] Jobs' prognosis was "excellent."[116]
On January 17, 2011, one and a half years after Jobs returned from his liver transplant, Apple
announced that he had been granted a medical leave of absence. Jobs announced his leave in a
letter to employees, stating his decision was made "so he could focus on his health." As during his
2009 medical leave, Apple announced that Tim Cook would run day-to-day operations and that
Jobs would continue to be involved in major strategic decisions at the company.[117][118]
On March 2, 2011 Steve Jobs made an appearance at the iPad 2§ launch event.
Honors
He was awarded the National Medal of Technology§ from President Ronald Reagan§ in 1984 with
Steve Wozniak§ (among the first people to ever receive the honor),[119] and a Jefferson Award for
Public Service§ in the category "Greatest Public Service by an Individual 35 Years or Under" (aka
the Samuel S. Beard Award§) in 1987.[120]
On November 27, 2007, Jobs was named the most powerful person in business by Fortune
Magazine§.[121]
On December 5, 2007, California Governor§ Arnold Schwarzenegger§ and First Lady Maria
Shriver§ inducted Jobs into the California Hall of Fame§, located at The California Museum for
History, Women and the Arts§.[122]

14. In August 2009, Jobs was selected the most admired entrepreneur among teenagers on a survey by
Junior Achievement§.[123]
On November 5, 2009, Jobs was named the CEO of the decade§ by Fortune Magazine.[124]
In November 2009 Jobs was ranked #57 on Forbes§: The World's Most Powerful People.[125]
In December 2010, the Financial Times§ named Jobs its person of the year for 2010, ending its
essay by stating, "In his autobiography, John Sculley§, the former PepsiCo executive who once
ran Apple, said this of the ambitions of the man he had pushed out: 'Apple was supposed to
become a wonderful consumer products company. This was a lunatic plan. High-tech could not be
designed and sold as a consumer product.' How wrong can you be".[126]
In popular culture
Due to his young age, great wealth, and charisma, after Apple's founding Jobs became a symbol of
his company and industry. When Time§ named the computer as the 1982 "Machine of the Year"§,
it published a long profile of him as "the most famous maestro of the micro."[127][128] Jobs was
prominently featured in three films about the history of the personal computing industry:
p Triumph of the Nerds§ — a 1996 three-part documentary for PBS§, about the rise of the
home computer§/personal computer§.
. Nerds 2.0.1§ — a 1998 three-part documentary for PBS§, (and sequel to Triumph of the
Nerds) which chronicles the development of the Internet.
NPirates of Silicon Valley§ — a 1999 docudrama§ which chronicles the rise of Apple and
Microsoft§. He was portrayed by Noah Wyle§.
See also