This document describes an alternative to the Selenide web test automation tool called Selenide Alternative. It discusses lessons learned from implementing the alternative tool, including using a more concise API, implicit waits, assertion waits, and handling dynamic elements. The alternative aims to improve on Selenide by using object-oriented programming, modular design, and lazy proxy elements to dynamically find and wait for elements.

1. Selenide Alternative in Practice
Implementation & Lessons Learned

2. Preface…

3. Implementation & Lessons Learned
Selenide Alternative in Practice

4. Selenide

5. Selenide = ?

6. Selenide = Effective
web test automation tool
=
tool to automate
web UI tests logic
not browser
(it should be already
automated;)

7. Selenide = Effective
web test automation tool
=
tool to automate
web UI tests logic
not browser
concise API
…
…
…

8. Selenide = Effective
web test automation tool
=
tool to automate
web UI tests logic
not browser
concise API
waiting search
…
…

9. Selenide = Effective
web test automation tool
=
tool to automate
web UI tests logic
not browser
concise API
waiting search
waiting asserts
…

10. Selenide = Effective
web test automation tool
=
tool to automate
web UI tests logic
not browser
concise API
waiting search
waiting asserts
dynamic elements

11. Selenide = Effective
web test automation tool
=
tool to automate
web UI tests logic
not browser
concise API
waiting search
waiting asserts
dynamic elements

12. Selenide Alternative?
concise API
waiting search
waiting asserts
dynamic elements

13. Selenide Alternative?
concise API
waiting search
waiting asserts
dynamic elements
How should it work?

14. Selenide Alternative?
concise API
waiting search
waiting asserts
dynamic elements
How should it work? How to build?

15. With examples in

16. Proviso
Partial sacrificing
DRY, privatisation, etc.
for simplification of examples

18. Concise API

19. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]"))
# vs
s(with_text('task'))

20. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]"))
# vs
s(with_text('task'))
DRY locator helpers

21. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]"))
# vs
s(with_text('task'))

22. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]"))
# vs
s(with_text('task'))
OOP

23. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]"))
# vs
s(with_text('task'))
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
# ... OOP

24. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]"))
# vs
s(with_text('task'))
Modular
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
# ... OOP

25. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]"))
# vs
s(with_text('task'))
Modular
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
# ...
from selene.tools import set_driver, s
set_driver(webdriver.Firefox())
# ...
OOP

26. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]")).
# vs
s(with_text('task'))
Modular
OOP
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get(‘http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com’)
from selene.tools import set_driver, s
set_driver(webdriver.Firefox())
visit(‘http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com’)

27. driver.find_element(By.XPATH, "//*[contains(text(),'task')]")
# vs
s(by_xpath("//*[contains(text(),'task')]")).
# vs
s(with_text('task'))
Functions over Methods
for main actions
from selenium import webdriver
driver = webdriver.Firefox()
driver.get(‘http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com’)
from selene.tools import set_driver, s
set_driver(webdriver.Firefox())
visit(‘http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com’)

28. s(by_css(‘#new-todo’))
# vs/or
s('#new-todo')
Convenient defaults

29.
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('#new-todo').clear()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector(‘#new-todo’)
.send_keys(‘task')
# vs
s(‘#new-todo’).clear().send_keys(‘task’)

30.
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('#new-todo').clear()
driver.find_element_by_css_selector(‘#new-todo’)
.send_keys(‘task')
# vs
s(‘#new-todo’).clear().send_keys(‘task’)
Chainable methods

31.
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('#new-todo')
.send_keys('task', Keys.ENTER)
# vs
s('#new-todo').send_keys('task').press_enter()

32.
driver.find_element_by_css_selector('#new-todo')
.send_keys('task', Keys.ENTER)
# vs
s('#new-todo').send_keys('task').press_enter()
“Short-cut” methods

33. s(‘#new-todo’).clear().send_keys(‘task’)
# vs
s(‘#new-todo’).set(‘task’)
“Short-cut” methods

34. Built in Explicit Waits aka Waiting
Asserts
WebDriverWait(driver, 4).until(
element_to_be_clickable(by_css('#new-todo')))
# vs
s('#new-todo').should_be(clickable)

35.
new_todo = by_css('#new-todo')
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
s(new_todo).set('task 1').press_enter()
# ...
s(new_todo).set('task 2').press_enter()
# vs
new_todo = s('#new-todo')
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
new_todo.set('task 1').press_enter()
# ...
new_todo.set('task 2').press_enter()

36.
new_todo = by_css('#new-todo')
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
s(new_todo).set('task 1').press_enter()
# ...
s(new_todo).set('task 2').press_enter()
# vs
new_todo = s('#new-todo')
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
new_todo.set('task 1').press_enter()
# ...
new_todo.set('task 2').press_enter()

37.
new_todo = by_css('#new-todo')
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
s(new_todo).set('task 1').press_enter()
# ...
s(new_todo).set('task 2').press_enter()
# vs
new_todo = s('#new-todo')
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
new_todo.set('task 1').press_enter()
# ...
new_todo.set('task 2').press_enter()
?

38. Dynamic Elements

39. Dynamic Elements
aka Lazy Proxy Elements

40. new_todo = s('#new-todo')

41. def s(css_selector_or_locator):
return SElement(css_selector_or_locator)
Element Factory

42. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())

43. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())

44. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())

45. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())

46. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())

47. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())
“waiting search”

48. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())
“waiting assert”

49.
def wait_for(entity, condition, timeout):
# ...
end_time = time.time() + timeout
while True:
try:
value = condition(entity)
if value is not None:
return value
except (WebDriverException,) as exc:
# ...
time.sleep(config.poll_during_waits)
if time.time() > end_time:
break
raise TimeoutException(
"""
failed while waiting %s seconds
to assert %s%s
""" % (timeout, condition.__class__.__name__,
str(condition), ...)

50.
def wait_for(entity, condition, timeout):
# ...
end_time = time.time() + timeout
while True:
try:
value = condition(entity)
if value is not None:
return value
except (WebDriverException,) as exc:
# ...
time.sleep(config.poll_during_waits)
if time.time() > end_time:
break
raise TimeoutException(
"""
failed while waiting %s seconds
to assert %s%s
""" % (timeout, condition.__class__.__name__,
str(condition), ...)

51.
def wait_for(entity, condition, timeout):
# ...
end_time = time.time() + timeout
while True:
try:
value = condition(entity)
if value is not None:
return value
except (WebDriverException,) as exc:
# ...
time.sleep(config.poll_during_waits)
if time.time() > end_time:
break
raise TimeoutException(
"""
failed while waiting %s seconds
to assert %s%s
""" % (timeout, method.__class__.__name__,
str(condition), ...)

52.
def wait_for(entity, condition, timeout):
# ...
end_time = time.time() + timeout
while True:
try:
value = condition(entity)
if value is not None:
return value
except (WebDriverException,) as exc:
# ...
time.sleep(config.poll_during_waits)
if time.time() > end_time:
break
raise TimeoutException(
"""
failed while waiting %s seconds
to assert %s%s
""" % (timeout, method.__class__.__name__,
str(condition), ...)

53. class Visible(object):
def __call__(self, selement):
self.selement = selement
found = selement.finder()
return found if found.is_displayed() else None
def __str__(self):
return """
for element found by: %s...
""" % (self.selement.locator, …)
visible = Visible()

54. class Visible(object):
def __call__(self, selement):
self.selement = selement
found = selement.finder()
return found if found.is_displayed() else None
def __str__(self):
return """
for element found by: %s...
""" % (self.selement.locator, …)
visible = Visible()

55. class Visible(object):
def __call__(self, webelement):
self.selement = selement
found = selement.finder()
return webelement.is_displayed()
def __str__(self):
return """
for element found by: %s...
""" % (self.selement.locator, …)
visible = Visible()
Original jSelenide style
with selement.finder() being moved to wait_for

56. class Visible(object):
def __call__(self, webelement):
self.selement = selement
found = selement.finder()
return webelement.is_displayed()
def __str__(self):
return """
for element found by: %s...
""" % (self.selement.locator, …)
visible = Visible()
Original jSelenide style
with selement.finder() being moved to wait_for
more simple
and secure
but
less powerful

57. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())

58. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
insist = assure
should = assure
should_be = assure
should_have = assure
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())

59. Speed?

60. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, context=...):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
# ...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def assure(self, condition):
wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command(self.finder())
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda element: element.click())
redundant finder call

61.
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def refind(self):
self.found = self.finder()
return self.found
def assure(self, condition):
self.found = wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command()
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
reusing self.found

62.
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def refind(self):
self.found = self.finder()
return self.found
def assure(self, condition):
self.found = wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
self.assure(visible)
command()
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
even when not needed
wait always

63. def refind(self):
self.found = self.finder()
return self.found
def assure(self, condition):
self.found = wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
try:
self.refind()
command()
except (WebDriverException):
self.assure(visible)
command()
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
smarter:)

64. def refind(self):
self.found = self.finder()
return self.found
def assure(self, condition):
self.found = wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
try:
self.refind()
command()
except (WebDriverException):
self.assure(visible)
command()
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
smarter:)
Makes Selene as fast
as Selenium “with research” :)

65. def refind(self):
self.found = self.finder()
return self.found
def assure(self, condition):
self.found = wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
try:
self.refind()
command()
except (WebDriverException):
self.assure(visible)
command()
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())

66. def refind(self):
self.found = self.finder()
return self.found
def assure(self, condition):
self.found = wait_for(self, condition, config.timeout)
return self
def do(self, command):
try:
self.refind()
command()
except (WebDriverException):
self.assure(visible)
command()
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
What if I sometimes…
I want “raw selenium” speed?

67.
def cash(self):
self.is_cached = True
self.finder = lambda: self.found
return self
f
def do(self, command):
try:
if not self.is_cached:
self.refind()
command()
# ...
self.assure(visible)
command()
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
Introducing simple cashing

68.
def cash(self):
self.is_cached = True
self.finder = lambda: self.found
return self
f
def do(self, command):
try:
if not self.is_cached:
self.refind()
command()
# ...
self.assure(visible)
command()
return self
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
Introducing simple cashing
Making Selene almost as fast
as raw Selenium :)

69. Proof Demo

70. Total Laziness

71. todo_list = s('#todo-list')
active_tasks = todo_list.find_all(‘.active’)
first_completed_task = todo_list.find(‘.completed')
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
# ...
Usage

72. tasks = ss(‘#todo-list>li')
first_task = tasks.get(1)
task_a = tasks.find(exact_text(“a"))
visible_tasks = tasks.filter(visible)
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
# ...
Usage

73. visible_tasks = ss(‘#todo-list>li').filter(visible)
visit('http://todomvc4tasj.herokuapp.com')
# ...

74. def ss(css_selector_or_locator):
return SElementsCollection(css_selector_or_locator)

75. class SElementsCollection(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, ..., ...,):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
...
def finder(self):
return ...
def filter(self, condition):
return ...
...

76. class SElementsCollection(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, ..., ...,):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
...
def finder(self):
return ...
def filter(self, condition):
return ...
...

77. locator = lambda index: '%s[%s]' % (self.locator, index)
webelements = self.context.find_elements(*self.locator)
return [SElement(locator(index)).cash_with(element)
for index, element in enumerate(webelements)]
SElementsCollection#finder

78. locator = lambda index: '%s[%s]' % (self.locator, index)
webelements = self.context.find_elements(*self.locator)
return [SElement(locator(index)).cash_with(element)
for index, element in enumerate(webelements)]
SElementsCollection#finder

79. locator = lambda index: '%s[%s]' % (self.locator, index)
webelements = self.context.find_elements(*self.locator)
return [SElement(locator(index)).cash_with(element)
for index, element in enumerate(webelements)]
SElementsCollection#finder

80. class SElementsCollection(...):
def __init__(self, css_selector_or_locator, ..., ...,):
self.locator = parse(css_selector_or_locator)
...
def finder(self):
return ...
def filter(self, condition):
return FilteredSElementsCollection(self, condition)
...

81. class FilteredSElementsCollection(SElementsCollection):
def __init__(self, selements_collection, condition):
self.coll = selements_collection
self.condition = condition
# ...
def finder(self):
filtered_elements = ...
return filtered_elements

82. class FilteredSElementsCollection(SElementsCollection):
def __init__(self, selements_collection, condition):
self.coll = selements_collection
self.condition = condition
# ...
def finder(self):
filtered_elements = ...
return filtered_elements

83. class FilteredSElementsCollection(SElementsCollection):
def __init__(self, selements_collection, condition):
self.coll = selements_collection
self.condition = condition
# ...
def finder(self):
filtered_elements = ...
return filtered_elements

84. self.coll = selements_collection
self.condition = condition
locator = "(%s).filter(%s)" % (
self.coll.locator,
self.condition.__class__.__name__)
SElementsCollection.__init__(self, ('selene', locator))
# ...
FilteredSElementsCollection#__init__

85. self.coll = selements_collection
self.condition = condition
locator = "(%s).filter(%s)" % (
self.coll.locator,
self.condition.__class__.__name__)
SElementsCollection.__init__(self, ('selene', locator))
# ...
FilteredSElementsCollection#__init__

86. filtered_elements = [selement for selement in self.coll
if self.condition(selement)]
return filtered_elements
FilteredSElementsCollection#finder

87. Meta-programming?

88. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, ..., context=...):
# …
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
# ...
class SElementsCollection(...):
def __init__(self, ..., context=..., selement_class=…):
# ...
# ...

89. def __init__(self, ..., context=RootSElement()):

90. class RootSElement(object):
def __getattr__(self, item):
return getattr(selene.tools.get_driver(), item)
The most innocent example :)

91. def __getattr__(self, item):
return self.do(lambda: getattr(self.found, item))
# VS
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
def submit(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.submit())
def clear(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.clear())
...
Proxying vs Overriding

92. def __getattr__(self, item):
return self.do(lambda: getattr(self.found, item))
# VS
def click(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.click())
def submit(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.submit())
def clear(self):
return self.do(lambda: self.found.clear())
...
Proxying vs Overriding

93. Widgets

94. class Task(SElement):
def delete(self):
self.hover()
self.s(".destroy").click()
def test_custom_selement():
given_active("a", "b")
Task("#todo-list>li:nth-child(1)").delete()
Just works :)

95. class Task(SElement):
def delete(self):
self.hover()
self.s(".destroy").click()
def test_custom_selement():
given_active("a", "b")
Task("#todo-list>li:nth-child(1)").delete()
Just works :)

96. Because…
class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, ..., context=RootSElement()):
#...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def s(self, css_selector_or_locator):
return SElement(css_selector_or_locator, context=self)
#...

97. Because…
class SElement(...):
def __init__(self, ..., context=RootSElement()):
#...
def finder(self):
return self.context.find_element(*self.locator)
def s(self, css_selector_or_locator):
return SElement(css_selector_or_locator, context=self)
#...

98. Collection of widgets
class Task(SElement):
def delete(self):
self.hover()
self.s(".destroy").click()
def test_selements_collection_of_custom_selements():
given_active("a", "b", "c")
for task in ss("#todo-list>li", of=Task):
task.delete()
ss("#todo-list>li", of=Task).should_be(empty)

99. Collection of widgets
class Task(SElement):
def delete(self):
self.hover()
self.s(".destroy").click()
def test_selements_collection_of_custom_selements():
given_active("a", "b", "c")
for task in ss("#todo-list>li", of=Task):
task.delete()
ss("#todo-list>li", of=Task).should_be(empty)

100. class SElementsCollection(...):
def __init__(self, ..., ...):
...
...
...
def finder(self):
...
return [
SElement(locator(index)).cash_with(element)
for index, element in enumerate(webelements)]
...
recalling basic implementation…

101. class SElementsCollection(...):
def __init__(self, ..., ..., of=SElement):
...
self.wrapper_class = of
...
def finder(self):
...
return [
self.wrapper_class(locator(index)).cash_with(element)
for index, element in enumerate(webelements)]
...
needs more…

102. and sometimes even much more…
including meta-programming…

103. Collection of widgets:
selection of one of them
visible_tasks = ss("#todo-list>li", of=Task).filter(visible)
...
...
task = visible_tasks.find(exact_text("a")):
task.delete()
...

104. class SElementsCollectionElementByCondition(SElement):
def __init__(self, selements_collection, condition):
self.coll = selements_collection
self.condition = condition
locator = "(%s).found_by(%s)" % (
self.coll.locator,
self.condition.__class__.__name__)
...
def finder(self):
for selement in self.coll:
if self.condition(selement):
return selement.found
find(exact_text("a")) =>

105. self.coll = selements_collection
self.condition = condition
locator = "(%s).found_by(%s)" % (
self.coll.locator,
self.condition.__class__.__name__)
SElementsCollectionElementByCondition.__init__(self,
(“selene”, locator))
...
SElementsCollectionElementByCondition#__init__

106. self.coll = selements_collection
self.condition = condition
locator = "(%s).found_by(%s)" % (
self.coll.locator,
self.condition.__class__.__name__)
SElementsCollectionElementByCondition.__init__(self,
(“selene”, locator))
extend(self, self.coll.wrapper_class, ("selene", locator))
SElementsCollectionElementByCondition#__init__

107. def extend(obj, cls, *init_args, **init_kwargs):
obj.__class__ = type(obj.__class__.__name__,
(obj.__class__, cls),
{})
cls.__init__(obj, *init_args, **init_kwargs)
Dynamic class extension

108. def extend(obj, cls, *init_args, **init_kwargs):
obj.__class__ = type(obj.__class__.__name__,
(obj.__class__, cls),
{})
cls.__init__(obj, *init_args, **init_kwargs)
Dynamic class extension

109. def extend(obj, cls, *init_args, **init_kwargs):
obj.__class__ = type(obj.__class__.__name__,
(obj.__class__, cls),
{})
cls.__init__(obj, *init_args, **init_kwargs)
Dynamic class extension
e.g. to initialise probable widget’s subelements

110. class Task(SElement):
def init(self):
self.destroy_button = self.s(".destroy")
...
...
task = ss("#todo-list>li", of=Task).find(text("a")):
task.hover()
task.destroy_button.click()
...
like in this example ;)

111. __init__ vs init ? o_O

112. class SElement(...):
def __init__(self):
...
if hasattr(self, 'init'):
self.init()
__init__ vs init ? o_O

113. Proxying vs dynamic extension
SElement(...)
def __getattr__(self, item):
return self.do(lambda: getattr(self.found, item))
SElementsCollectionElementByCondition(SElement)
__init__
extend(self, self.coll.wrapper_class, ('selene', locator))
# VS
SElement(...)
def __getattr__(self, item):
return self.do(lambda: getattr(self.found, item))
SElementsCollectionElementByCondition(SElement)
__init__
extend(self, self.coll.wrapper_class, ('selene', locator))

114. Install & Docs

115. $ pip install selene

116. https://github.com/yashaka/selene

117. visit(‘/questions_and_answers')
s('#question').set('<YOUR QUESTION>’).press_enter()
ss('.answer').should_not_be(empty)

118. github.com/yashaka
github.com/yashaka/selene
yashaka@gmail.com
@yashaka
Thank You